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641.
Morawska Kamila Jedlińska Katarzyna Smarzewska Sylwia Metelka Radovan Ciesielski Witold Guziejewski Dariusz 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(3):1359-1365
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The increasing use of pesticides is a major health issue. There is therefore a need for improved analytical methods and more knowledge on the interaction of... 相似文献
642.
Zuzanna Magdziak Piotr Goliński Monika Gąsecka Anna Budka Mirosław Mleczek 《Chemistry and Ecology》2019,35(1):36-53
Two-year old Ulmus laevis Pall (U. laevis) seedlings were cultivated in a three-month hydroponic experiment with inorganic (aresenite – As(III) and arsenate – As(V)) and organic (dimethylarsenic acid – DMA(V)) arsenic forms, at 0.06 and/or 0.6?mM concentrations. Further, the profile and content of total low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) were investigated in the rhizosphere, roots and leaves of U. laevis. Obtained results showed that the addition of As(III) or As(V) individually or in a mixture led to increased LMWOAs concentration in the rhizosphere, especially of oxalic and malonic acids, in comparison to the control, while in roots the overall content of the profiled LMWOAs decreased. In both rhizosphere and roots, addition of the DMA(V) form resulted in the inhibition of LMWOAs exudation into the rhizosphere and their creation in plant roots. Leaves were characterised by a higher content of LMWOAs than in the rhizosphere and roots for all experimental systems, where the profile and content of LMWOAs was strictly correlated with the analysed As forms. Our study indicated that creation of LMWOAs in U. laevis organs and their exudation to the rhizosphere could be responsible for the As toxicity tolerance of the plants. 相似文献
643.
Hermit crabs are an obvious, common and abundant feature of global shallow water environments but almost nothing is known
of their ecology at their extreme latitudinal ranges, the Arctic and southern South America. In this study, we report the
first investigation on hermit crabs and their use of a key resource, gastropod shells, in a subpolar and a polar environment—amongst
the most rapidly changing places on earth. Hypothesised low levels of richness were confirmed by surveys—only Pagurus pubescens was found in western Spitsbergen and only three pagurids were found in northern Norway. At the northern-most of their extent,
hermit crabs were fairly common but Arctic abundances (1–5 m−2) were an order of magnitude lower than in many warm temperate or tropical localities. Along the open coast of Spitsbergen,
the occurrence of P. pubescens was infrequent and very patchy, but it was more abundant in the fjords. In Isfjorden, the largest studied fjord, the population
of P. pubescens was mainly represented by small individuals. Spitsbergen P. pubescens used few shell types and >87% just occurred in Margarites or Buccinum shells. The proportion of the gastropod shells, used by P. pubescens, which were damaged, was high and increased with shell size. These hermit crabs are at the edge of the range for both their
species and Anomura. The extremes of their location are reflected by: They probably represent the least rich assemblage, with
the lowest and most patchy typical abundances reported to date and are amongst the smallest individuals using the least diverse
and most damaged gastropod shells. 相似文献
644.
Elżbieta Wołejko Piotr Kaczyński Bożena Łozowicka Urszula Wydro Andrzej Borusiewicz Izabela Hrynko Rafał Konecki Krystyna Snarska Dorota Dec Paweł Malinowski 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(7):355
The present study aimed at evaluating the dissipation of S-metolachlor (S-MET) at three doses in maize growing on diverse physico-chemical properties of soil. The effect of herbicide on dehydrogenase (DHA) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity was estimated. A modified QuEChERS method using LC-MS/MS has been developed. The limit of quantification (0.001 mg kg?1) and detection (0.0005 mg kg?1) were very low for soil and maize samples. The mean recoveries and RSDs for the six spiked levels (0.001–0.5 mg kg?1) were 91.3 and 5.8%. The biggest differences in concentration of S-MET in maize were observed between the 28th and 63rd days. The dissipation of S-MET in the alkaline soil was the slowest between the 2nd and 7th days, and in the acidic soil between the 5th and 11th days. DT50 of S-MET calculated according to the first-order kinetics model was 11.1–14.7 days (soil) and 9.6–13.9 days (maize). The enzymatic activity of soil was higher in the acidic environment. One observed the significant positive correlation of ACP with pH of soil and contents of potassium and magnesium and negative with contents of phosphorus and organic carbon. The results indicated that at harvest time, the residues of S-MET in maize were well below the safety limit for maize. The findings of this study will foster the research on main parameters influencing the dissipation in maize ecosystems. 相似文献
645.
Kiley Daley Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen Rob C. Jamieson Jenny L. Hayward Greg S. Piorkowski Wendy Krkosek Graham A. Gagnon Heather Castleden Kristen MacNeil Joanna Poltarowicz Emmalina Corriveau Amy Jackson Justine Lywood Yannan Huang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(33):32926-32937
Drinking water in the vast Arctic Canadian territory of Nunavut is sourced from surface water lakes or rivers and transferred to man-made or natural reservoirs. The raw water is at a minimum treated by chlorination and distributed to customers either by trucks delivering to a water storage tank inside buildings or through a piped distribution system. The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical and microbial drinking water quality from source to tap in three hamlets (Coral Harbour, Pond Inlet and Pangnirtung—each has a population of <2000) on trucked service, and in Iqaluit (population ~6700), which uses a combination of trucked and piped water conveyance. Generally, the source and drinking water was of satisfactory microbial quality, containing Escherichia coli levels of <1 MPN/100 mL with a few exceptions, and selected pathogenic bacteria and parasites were below detection limits using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods. Tap water in households receiving trucked water contained less than the recommended 0.2 mg/L of free chlorine, while piped drinking water in Iqaluit complied with Health Canada guidelines for residual chlorine (i.e. >0.2 mg/L free chlorine). Some buildings in the four communities contained manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and/or lead (Pb) concentrations above Health Canada guideline values for the aesthetic (Mn, Cu and Fe) and health (Pb) objectives. Corrosion of components of the drinking water distribution system (household storage tanks, premise plumbing) could be contributing to Pb, Cu and Fe levels, as the source water in three of the four communities had low alkalinity. The results point to the need for robust disinfection, which may include secondary disinfection or point-of-use disinfection, to prevent microbial risks in drinking water tanks in buildings and ultimately at the tap. 相似文献
646.
Araujo Sandrine F. Caldeira Cláudia L. Ciminelli Virginia S. T. Borba Ricardo P. Rodrigues Joanna P. Simões Gustavo F. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(25):37777-37789
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, four systems (S1, S2, S3, and S4) were evaluated to determine whether basic oxygen furnace sludge (BOFS), mainly composed of Fe (84%,... 相似文献
647.
Pawlik-Skowrońska B 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2002,119(1):119-127
Comparing Pb toxicity to the green alga Stichococcus bacillaris and production of Pb-induced thiol peptides in 24-h exposed cells made it possible to show the level of these peptides to reflect Pb availability to algal cells. LC-ESI/MS analysis of these peptides confirmed that they are phytochelatins PC2-PC4 and their des-Gly derivatives. Studies were carried out at environmentally relevant pH values (5-8.5) and various concentrations of hardness cations (Ca, Mg) and orthophosphate: (0-0.1 mM), chloride (0-100 mM), citrate (0-1 mM), and humic acids (0-10 mg/l). It has been stated, on the basis of the level of Pb-induced thiol peptides, that Pb availability to algae changed significantly within the range of the pH values studied, and was limited in the presence of calcium and of some complexing ligands like orthophosphate, chloride and citrate; it did not decrease in the presence of magnesium or humic acid. 相似文献
648.
A method of determining dust emission and efficiency of its removal by means of local exhaust ventilation from machinery has been described. It complies with Standard No. EN 1093-3:1996 (European Committee for Standardization, 1996) and consists in determining air pollution concentra-tions in the measurement duct used for air removal from the chamber incorporating devices to be tested. The air volume stream that is pumped is measured at the same time.Test results are presented for dust emission and the efficiency of local exhaust ventilation for cast iron grinding by means of manual power tools and a bench-sander. It has been found that application of local exhaust ventilation contributes to a significant reduction of dust emission with efficiency greater than 90%. 相似文献
649.
Malinowska Izabela Kubica Paweł Madajski Piotr Ostrowski Adam Gómez Polo Cristina Carvera Laura Bednarski Waldemar Zielińska-Jurek Anna 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(13):35929-35944
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we report the potential of 2D/2D TiO2-GO-ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst obtained using the fluorine-free lyophilization technique for the... 相似文献
650.
Phillip W. Albro J. Ronald Hass Carl C. Peck Sandra T. Jordan Jean T. Corbett Joanna Schroeder 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):701-714
Abstract The pervasiveness of the plasticizer di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the environment and especially in the laboratory results in a background that may cause severe interference with analytical studies. Animal‐to‐animal variability in the distribution of DEHP metabolites in excreta normally makes it necessary to use large groups of animals when different treatments are compared. Finally, radioactive tracers are usually considered undesirable for metabolic studies involving human subjects. All of these problems can be overcome through the use of muliple isotopic labels, especially 12C/13C/14C. Examples are given involving rats and monkeys, and applicability to humans is discussed. The principles involved are not limited to any particular class of test compounds. In rats, the competing pathways for metabolism of phthalate esters produce a different distribution of metabolites from a small intravenous dose of DEHP than from a large oral dose. 相似文献