A novel strategy for gas mitigation during swine manure odour treatment using seaweed and a microbial consortium

• Comprehensive mitigation of gas emissions from swine manure was investigated. • Additives addition for mitigation of gas from the manure has been developed. • Sargassum horneri, seaweed masking strategy controlled gas by 90%-100%. • Immediate reduction in emitted gas and improving air quality has been determined. • Microbial consortium with seaweed completely controlled gas emissions by 100%. Gas emissions from swine farms have an impact on air quality in the Republic of Korea. Swine manure stored in deep pits for a long time is a major source of harmful gas emissions. Therefore, we evaluated the mitigation of emissions of ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and amine gases from swine manure with biological products such as seaweed (Sargassum horneri) and a microbial consortium (Bacillus subtilis (1.2 × 10⁹ CFU/mL), Thiobacillus sp. (1.0 × 10¹⁰ CFU/mL) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2.0 × 10⁹ CFU/mL)) used as additives due to their promising benefits for nutrient cycling. Overall, seaweed powder masking over two days provided notable control of over 98%-100% of the gas emissions. Furthermore, significant control of gas emissions was especially pronounced when seaweed powder masking along with a microbial consortium was applied, resulting in a gas reduction rate of 100% for NH₃, amines and H₂S over 10 days of treatment. The results also suggested that seaweed powder masking and a microbial consortium used in combination to reduce the gas emissions from swine manure reduced odour compared with that observed when the two additives were used alone. Without the consortium, seaweed decreased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. The proposed novel method of masking with a microbial consortium is promising for mitigating hazardous gases, simple, and environmentally beneficial. More research is warranted to determine the mechanisms underlying the seaweed and substrate interactions.     

Waste generation in traditional organized bazaars: a case study of organic waste sources in Da Nang City,Viet Nam

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Traditional organized bazaars are important retail venues in Viet Nam, but there are concerns about their waste management programs. This study...     

2011年长江中下游春旱的气候特征分析

利用我国高分辨率逐日降水资料，从降水量、无降水日数、连续无降水日数、气象干旱指数（CI）等指标对2011年春季长江中下游地区发生的气象干旱进行了分析评估。结果表明，2011年春季长江中下游地区降水量为近60 a同期最少，无降水日数、气象干旱影响范围均为近60 a同期最大，重度以上气象干旱日数为近几十年来同期罕见。此次严重气象干旱具有强度强、持续时间长、干旱范围广、影响程度重等特点，为近60 a来长江中下游地区春季发生的最严重的气象干旱，对水资源、水产养殖业、农业生产等造成了重大影响。还从大气环流、水汽输送角度对气象干旱的成因进行了初步分析，认为2011年冬春季北方冷空气势力强大，向南扩张明显，南方热带对流系统不活跃，向长江中下游地区水汽输送弱，是造成此次气象干旱的主要原因     

Strength,durability, and microstructure of self-compacting geopolymer concrete produced with copper slag aggregates

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Lack of vibrations on fresh concrete negatively influences the compaction and thus the quality of concrete. This is particularly concerning with...     

Evaluation of PCDD/Fs and metals emission from a circulating fluidized bed incinerator co-combusting sewage sludge with coal

The emission characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and heavy metals were evaluated during co-combustion of sewage sludge with coal from a circulating fluidized bed incinerator. The stack gas, slag and fly ash samples were sampled and analyzed. The gas-cleaning system consisted of electrostatic precipitators and a semi-dry scrubber. Results showed that the stack gas and fly ash exhibited mean dioxin levels of 9.4 pg I-TEQ/Nm 3 and 11.65 pg I-TEQ/g, respectively, and showed great similarities in congener profiles. By contrast, the slag presented a mean dioxin level of 0.15 pg I-TEQ/g and a remarkable difference in congener profiles compared with those of the stack gas and fly ash. Co-combusting sewage sludge with coal was able to reduce PCDD/Fs emissions significantly in comparison with sewage sludge mono-combustion. The leaching levels of Hg, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Cu, and As in the fly ash and slag were much lower than the limits of the environmental protection standard in China. These suggest that the co-combustion of sewage sludge and coal is an advisable treatment method from an environmental perspective.     

露天矿开采对区域生态完整性的影响研究—田家沟矿区钛磁铁矿为例

在介绍生态完整性的概念及其度量方法的基础上,以湖北省丹江口市田家沟矿区钛磁铁矿为例,从自然体系生产力、景观生态体系质量与生态系统脆弱性3个方面,阐述了露天矿开采对区域生态完整性产生的影响。结果表明：区域生物生产力的变化仅局限于项目区内;作为模地的林地优势度值从84．64％降低到80．15％,下降的幅度较小,恢复稳定性和阻抗稳定性变化也不大;各植被群落的脆弱性均属于轻微脆弱,在受到人为干扰时,森林生态系统具有稳定性和可恢复性。因此工程建设对区域生态完整性的影响在可承受的范围之内。     

青藏高原东部边缘泥炭腐殖化度作为评价有机质含量的指标研究

通过青藏高原东部边缘四川布拖、四川红原、青海拉鸡山以及青海峨博四处泥炭剖面的腐殖化度和有机质指标研究,发现两指标在四个剖面上具有基本一致的变化趋势,相关性较高。表明全新世暖湿季风气候模式下,青藏高原东部边缘泥炭腐殖化度能够较好地反映有机质含量的多寡,可作为有机质含量变化的替代性指标。由于腐殖化度测定利用样品的碱提取液进行,消耗固体样品较少,因此在取样量少的情况下(如泥炭钻探),用腐殖化度指标研究泥炭有机质含量多寡具有推广意义。     

高砷废水处理及含砷废渣稳定化的试验研究

本试验通过采用硫酸铁和聚合硫酸铁分两段对含砷量为6.4g/L的废水进行了处理。结果表明:当pH=5、Fe/As(质量比)=3∶1、反应时间为3h时,采用硫酸铁进行初步除砷后废水中砷含量降至0.5mg/L以内,达到了废水排放标准的砷含量要求;当pH=5、按照0.44g/100mL加入聚合硫酸铁、反应时间为2h时,采用聚合硫酸铁进行深度除砷后废水中砷含量降至0.05mg/L以内,达到了饮用水标准的砷含量要求。另外,对初步除砷所得的含砷废渣进行焙烧,当焙烧温度为700℃、焙烧时间为3h时,所得废渣经毒性浸出试验检测,完全满足TCLP毒性浸出试验的要求,可安全处置。本试验找到了一种适合大规模处理高砷废水和含砷废渣的方法,该方法工艺简单、可操作性强,具有很好的应用前景。     

蓝藻水华对太湖水柱反硝化作用的影响

反硝化作用是湖泊水体最主要的脱氮过程,对减轻湖泊的氮素污染和富营养化控制具有重要意义.蓝藻水华暴发和衰亡可能会通过改变水体氮素循环途径及微环境来促使反硝化作用直接在水柱中发生,加速氮的去除.为了验证这一假设,取太湖湖水添加不同生物量的蓝藻和连续10 d的NO_3~--N、PO_4~(3-)-P营养盐,进行蓝藻生长与降解对反硝化影响的模拟实验,测定蓝藻水华期水体藻类生物量和各形态氮浓度的动态变化,同时利用~(15)N同位素添加培养结合膜进样质谱仪(MIMS)实时定量测定反硝化速率.结果表明,蓝藻在生长期吸收氮素转变为颗粒氮,在衰亡期藻细胞通过降解矿化释放了大量的NH_4~+-N,继而转化为NO_3~--N,为反硝化作用提供底物,是大幅度促进水体反硝化作用的关键;反硝化速率(以N2计,下同)最高达到(1 614. 52±301. 57)μmol·(m~2·h)~(-1),是同时期最低蓝藻生物量组反硝化速率[(534. 45±242. 18)μmol·(m~2·h)~(-1)]的3倍,实验结束时添加初始蓝藻生物量倍数最高组的TN去除率达最高(40. 02%),是未添加蓝藻组TN去除率(17. 72%)的2. 26倍,说明蓝藻堆积会显著促进反硝化作用的强度,加速水体氮素的去除.蓝藻衰亡时反硝化速率的快慢受NH_4~+浓度的影响显著,表明附着在藻团的微生物的耦合硝化-反硝化作用是氮盐去除的主要途径.本研究结果表明,水华蓝藻生长期快速吸收氮素转变为颗粒氮,蓝藻死亡降解后通过耦合硝化-反硝化作用加速氮素去除,这可能是太湖夏季氮素浓度降低的原因之一.     

半固态触变成形坯料感应加热的数值模拟

半固态触变成形技术以其降低宏观偏析、减少多孔性、成形力小和近终成形等优点受到广泛关注。在触变成形之前 ,使坯料具有均匀的固 液相分布和球状晶粒是很重要的 ,这就要求加热快而迅速。为满足这一要求 ,目前普遍采用电磁感应加热。文中对感应加热进行了有限元理论分析 ,采用商用有限元软件ANASYS对半固态触变成形坯料感应加热进行了数值模拟 ,模拟了频率、加热时间、线圈电流强度系数、坯料尺寸半径、线圈尺寸大小等参数对坯料温度的影响。