稀土氧化物催化还原烟气中的SO2

在实验室研究结果的基础上,建立了小型实际燃煤烟气脱硫试验装置,采用实际燃煤烟气进行了稀土氧化物催化还原烟气脱硫的试验,考察了空速、反应温度对脱硫率的影响。试验结果表明,在反应温度520～550℃、空速2800h。的条件下,脱硫率为99％,NOx的去除率为95％,SO2最高排放质量浓度为100mg／m^3,NOx最高排放质量浓度为50mg／m^3,符合GB13223-2003《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》2时段标准,与实验室的实验结果基本吻合。     

微生物降解有机磷农药的研究进展

利用微生物及其酶降解有机磷农药行之有效。以乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲胺磷、杀螟硫磷和毒死蜱为有机磷农药的代表,从可降解这些有机磷农药的微生物的筛选、基因工程菌的构建、生物降解酶的研究及其应用3个方面进行了综述,指出了未来的研究方向。     

上流式厌氧污泥床滤层反应器处理鸡粪混合液离心出水

本研究采用上流式厌氧污泥床滤层反应器对蛋鸡场鸡粪混合液离心出水进行处理,试验结果:在中温25℃,进水COD_(cr)18000mg/L和氨氮1600mg/L的条件下,COD_(cr)去除率74.08%,BOD_5去除率83.78%,水力停留时间26.15h,容积负荷15.60kg·COD_(cr)/m~3·d,产气率0.52m~3/去除km·COD_(cr).反应器运行状况良好.     

渤海湾淤泥质海岸带典型地区景观空间格局分析

以景观多样性、景观破碎度和景观分离度作为评价指标,分析渤海湾淤泥质海岸带典型地区景观空间格局以及人类活动对景观结构的影响。将研究区域分为耕地、荒地、村镇、盐田、虾池、滩涂、库塘以及河流沟渠8个景观要素。分析表明,景观多样性主要受耕地和荒地的影响和支配;耕地和荒地的破碎度大,分离度小;盐田和河流沟渠的破碎度最小;村镇和滩涂的分布状况导致其分离度大。     

棉铃虫核多角体病毒基因组限制酶酶切分析及其多角体基因的定位

应用１１种限制性内酶ＢａｍＨⅠ、ＢｓｔＥⅡ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅤ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＫｐｎⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＳａｌⅠ、ＳｓｔⅠ、ＸｂａⅠａⅠ和ＸⅠⅠ和ＸｈｏⅠ分别将中国棉铃虫核多角体病毒（单粒包埋ＨａＳＮＰＶ）湖北株基因组Ｄ组ＤＮＡ酶切为１０、１２、２２、２１、１３、６、６、４０、６、２１、６个片段，并求得基因组大小平均为１什什Ｍｒ≈７９．１×１０６．以家委核多角体病毒ＢｍＮＰＶ多角体基因为探针，利用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术将病毒多角体基因定位在ＳａｌⅠ４．２×１０３ｂ左右的片段上．与棉铃虫核多角体病毒其它株系酶切图谱比较结果表明，本株病毒与上海等株系及美洲棉铃虫核多角体病毒ＨａＳＮＰＶＥｌｋａｒ株系酶切图谱相似，它们之间的条带数和大小差异较小，而与已发现的所有多粒包埋型病毒ＨａＳＮＰＶ酶切图主谱差异较大．据此认为ＨａＳＮＰＶ和ＨａＭＮＰＶ属于基因型不同的两类病毒，而ＨａＳＮＰＶ不同分离株的同源性很高     

Insight of chemical environmental risk and its management from the vinyl chloride accident

The combustion of vinyl chloride (VC) after the train derailment accident in Ohio, USA in February, 2023 has caused widespread concern around the world. This paper tried to analyze several issues concerning the accident, including the appropriateness of the VC combustion in the emergency response in this accident, the meanings of so-called “controlled combustion”, the potential environmental risks caused by VC and combustion by-products, and follow-up work. In our view, this accident had surely caused environmental and health risks to some extent. Hence, a comprehensive environmental risk assessment is necessary, and then the site with risk should be comprehensively remediated, hazardous waste should be harmlessly treated as soon as possible. Finally, this accident suggests that further efforts should be taken to bridge the gap between chemical safety management and their environmental risk management.     

Highly efficient thermo-photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline catalyzed by tungsten disulfide under visible light

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Antibiotics are water and soil contaminants causing the development of multi-resistant bacteria, calling for advanced water treatments. For instance,...     

用煤矸石和鼓风炉淤泥制备聚硅酸铁铝混凝剂

研究了以煤矸石和鼓风炉淤泥为原料，在常压条件下制备高效混凝剂凝剂聚硅酸铁铝的方法，确定了合理的生产工艺和操作条件，用该混凝剂处理实际废水，并与聚合硫酸铁的处理效果进行比较，结果表明，出水COD和色度去除率均提高约30%，SS去除率提高约10%，同时探讨了该混凝剂处理废水的反应机理。     

Anthropogenic Calcium Particles Observed in Beijing and Qingdao, China

Analysis of individual particles collected at Beijing in northern China revealed that particles abundant in calcium (Ca) always constituted a large fraction of mineral particles in the urban atmosphere. The particles were characterized by cubic morphologies. The major mineral element in the particles was Ca and few or no other mineral elements were detected. A large number of the particles were in the range of diameter <1 μm, where common natural mineral particles were rarely detected. The contribution of the Ca particles to the volume of total mineral particles greatly exceeded that of other mineral particles during non-dust-storm periods and was comparable to that during dust-storm periods. Reagent film tests showed that particulate sulfate and nitrate formation on the Ca particles was similar to that on common mineral particles. These results indicate that a large portion of Ca in the atmospheric particulate matter in Beijing was from anthropogenic sources rather than from natural sources, and the anthropogenic Ca particles acted as a significant medium for the formation of sulfate and nitrate. Similar particles were also detected at Qingdao, a coastal city in northern China. Data of a dust storm event showed that Ca-abundant particles from East China arrived there and moved out of the continent, similarly to Asian dust storm particles, suggesting possible contributions of anthropogenic Ca even in Asian dust storm samples in the downstream areas. Therefore, Ca may not be a good indicator of Asian dust from natural sources. However, the Ca particles, due to their unique shapes and elemental compositions, may provide an indicator for the atmospheric dispersion of anthropogenic particulate matters in East Asia.     

Renewable Resource-Based Composites of Acorn Powder and Polylactide Bio-Plastic: Preparation and Properties Evaluation

Renewable resource-based composites were prepared with acorn powder and Thermoplastic resin poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by twin-screw extrusion followed by injection molding processing or hot-compression molding processing. The study of the composites microstructure showed poor adhesion between acorn powder and PLA matrix. The hygroscopicity, mechanical properties and melt flow property of composites were promising even though the composites had a 70 wt% content of acorn powder. Silane coupling agent, 4,4′-Methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) and PLA grafted with maleic anhydride did not show obvious effect on mechanical properties of composites. The impact resistance strength of reinforced composites with steel fiber webs were improved greatly in comparison with those having no steel fiber webs. Thermal properties results of DSC and DMA showed that the presence of acorn powder significantly affected the crystallinity, crystallization temperature (T_c), glass transition temperature (T_g) and melting temperature (T_m) of PLA matrix. The study results proved that composites had superior mechanical properties, enough to partially replace the conventional thermoplastic plastics.