全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17417篇 |
免费 | 282篇 |
国内免费 | 320篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 612篇 |
废物处理 | 738篇 |
环保管理 | 2591篇 |
综合类 | 2914篇 |
基础理论 | 4481篇 |
环境理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 4544篇 |
评价与监测 | 991篇 |
社会与环境 | 1016篇 |
灾害及防治 | 125篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 159篇 |
2021年 | 161篇 |
2020年 | 181篇 |
2019年 | 141篇 |
2018年 | 283篇 |
2017年 | 256篇 |
2016年 | 396篇 |
2015年 | 318篇 |
2014年 | 445篇 |
2013年 | 1404篇 |
2012年 | 603篇 |
2011年 | 882篇 |
2010年 | 663篇 |
2009年 | 759篇 |
2008年 | 824篇 |
2007年 | 868篇 |
2006年 | 717篇 |
2005年 | 603篇 |
2004年 | 621篇 |
2003年 | 563篇 |
2002年 | 536篇 |
2001年 | 642篇 |
2000年 | 518篇 |
1999年 | 315篇 |
1998年 | 209篇 |
1997年 | 228篇 |
1996年 | 221篇 |
1995年 | 266篇 |
1994年 | 209篇 |
1993年 | 208篇 |
1992年 | 174篇 |
1991年 | 182篇 |
1990年 | 178篇 |
1989年 | 180篇 |
1988年 | 153篇 |
1987年 | 133篇 |
1986年 | 156篇 |
1985年 | 143篇 |
1984年 | 190篇 |
1983年 | 147篇 |
1982年 | 171篇 |
1981年 | 157篇 |
1980年 | 130篇 |
1979年 | 149篇 |
1978年 | 94篇 |
1977年 | 98篇 |
1975年 | 88篇 |
1974年 | 93篇 |
1973年 | 86篇 |
1972年 | 96篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
921.
922.
Urgent transformation is required in Ireland to divert biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) from landfill and prevent increases in overall waste generation. When BMW is optimally managed, it becomes a resource with value instead of an unwanted by-product requiring disposal. An analysis of survey responses from commercial and residential sectors for the Dublin region in previous research by the authors proved that attitudes towards and behaviour regarding municipal solid waste is spatially variable. This finding indicates that targeted intervention strategies designed for specific geographic areas should lead to improved diversion rates of BMW from landfill, a requirement of the Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC. In the research described in this paper, survey responses and GIS model predictions from previous research were the basis for goal setting, after which logic modelling and behavioural research were employed to develop site-specific waste management intervention strategies. The main strategies devised include (a) roll out of the Brown Bin (Organics) Collection and Community Workshops in Dún Laoghaire Rathdown, (b) initiation of a Community Composting Project in Dublin City (c) implementation of a Waste Promotion and Motivation Scheme in South Dublin (d) development and distribution of a Waste Booklet to promote waste reduction activities in Fingal (e) region wide distribution of a Waste Booklet to the commercial sector and (f) Greening Irish Pubs Initiative. Each of these strategies was devised after interviews with both the residential and commercial sectors to help make optimal waste management the norm for both sectors. Strategy (b), (e) and (f) are detailed in this paper. By integrating a human element into accepted waste management approaches, these strategies will make optimal waste behaviour easier to achieve. Ultimately this will help divert waste from landfill and improve waste management practice as a whole for the region. This method of devising targeted intervention strategies can be adapted for many other regions. 相似文献
923.
924.
925.
Kurt E. Richardson Nelson A. Cox Doug E. Cosby Mark E. Berrang Nicole L. Holcombe Cheryl E. Weller 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(4):313-316
The pH of Salmonella pre-enrichment media can become acidic (pH 4.0–5.0) when feeds/ingredients are incubated for 24?h. Salmonella in feed that have been stressed by heat and desiccation exhibit different pH tolerances than non-stressed cultures. Acidic conditions can result in cell injury/death and affect biochemical pathways. In this study, eight serotypes of Salmonella were grown in sterile meat and bone meal that was subjected to desiccation and heat stress. Cultures of non-stressed and stressed isolates were subsequently exposed to acidic pH from 4.0 to 7.0 in 0.5?pH increments (3 replicates/pH increment) in citrate buffer. At 6 and 24?h, serial dilutions were plated in duplicate on XLT-4 (xylose lysine tergitol-4) agar. Four serotypes showed an impaired ability to decarboxylate lysine on XLT-4. This inability to decarboxylate lysine was dependent on isolate, stress status, and incubation time. When the isolates’ ability to decarboxylate lysine was examined using biochemical tests, cultures were found to be able to decarboxylate lysine with the exception of S. Infantis. This suggests that XLT-4 contains a biochemical stressor(s) which affects the rate of decarboxylation by these Salmonella. These results suggest that acidic conditions may influence the detection and confirmation of Salmonella in feed. 相似文献
926.
Maximilian Zarte Agnes Pechmann Isabel L. Nunes 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2019,12(3):149-158
Production facilities serve to transform raw materials into products, usually with the goal of achieving a designated output, in terms of quantity and quality, with the minimum of cost and labour. With the aid of production planning and controlling (PPC) systems, raw material inputs, and labour can be planned to achieve a determined output of products. In general, the role of environmental and social aspects is neglected in production planning processes. Because of the growing pressure from politics and customers, sustainable production of products is becoming more important. One possibility for supporting sustainable manufacturing is, to integrate sustainable aspects in the production planning process. This paper presents input and output information for current PPC systems and discusses the need for additional information necessary for sustainable PPC. For this approach, a text review of cooperate social responsibility (CSR) reporting indicators provided by the GRI was performed. Based on the text review, an input-output model has been developed for conventional and another one for sustainable PPC systems. Through the comparison of the two input-output models, challenges and requirements for sustainable PPC systems have been defined as a basis for future work and analyses. 相似文献
927.
es Ruiz de Arcaute Celeste Ossana Natalia A. Pérez-Iglesias Juan Manuel Soloneski Sonia Larramendy Marcelo L. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(20):20485-20498
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pesticides might increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dicamba (DIC) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are auxinic... 相似文献
928.
Van der Eerden LJ Lekkerkerk LJ Smeulders SM Jansen AE 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1992,76(1):1-9
Three-year-old Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) were fumigated with 180 microg m(-3) NH3 or clean (charcoal-filtered) air. During these fumigations the plants received 15 mm artificial rain weekly, supplemented with 20, 500 or 2500 micromol litre(-1) (NH4)2SO4. Exposure to NH3 and NH4+ for 14 weeks resulted in a change of the nutrient status of the needles. The most remarkable effect was the increase in the N/K ratio, due to both uptake of N and leaching of K. The action of NH3 was stronger than that of NH4+. Both NH3 and (NH4)2SO4 affected the epicuticular wax layer and decreased mycorhiza frequency. Following fumigation and artificial rain treatments, needles were incubated for 8 h in a medium containing 0, 50, 250, 500 and 2500 micromol litre(-1) (NH4)2SO4. Almost no exchange of Ca, Mg and K for NH4+ was found. Therefore this ion exchange probably explains only a minor part of the changes in nutrient status of the whole trees. 相似文献
929.
Changes in Streambed Composition in Salmonid Spawning Habitat of the Elwha River during Dam Removal 下载免费PDF全文
Roger J. Peters Martin Liermann Michael L. McHenry Paul Bakke George R. Pess 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2017,53(4):871-885
One uncertainty associated with large dam removal is the level of downstream sediment deposition and associated short‐term biological effects, particularly on salmonid spawning habitat. Recent studies report downstream sediment deposition following dam removal is influenced by proximity to the source and river transport capacity. The impacts of dam removal sediment releases are difficult to generalize due to the relatively small number of dam removals completed, the variation in release strategies, and the physical nature of systems. Changes to sediment deposition and associated streambed composition in the Elwha River, Washington State, were monitored prior to (2010‐2011) and during (2012‐2014) the simultaneous removal of two large dams (32 and 64 m). Changes in the surface layer substrate composition during dam removal varied by year and channel type. Riffles in floodplain channels downstream of the dams fined and remained sand dominated throughout the study period, and exceeded levels known to be detrimental to incubating salmonids. Mainstem riffles tended to fine to gravel, but appear to be trending toward cobble after the majority of the sediment was released and transported through system. Thus, salmonid spawning habitats in the mainstem appear to have been minimally impacted while those in floodplain channels appear to have been severely impacted during dam removal. 相似文献
930.
A Comprehensive Python Toolkit for Accessing High‐Throughput Computing to Support Large Hydrologic Modeling Tasks 下载免费PDF全文
Scott D. Christensen Nathan R. Swain Norman L. Jones E. James Nelson Alan D. Snow Herman G. Dolder 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2017,53(2):333-343
The National Flood Interoperability Experiment (NFIE) was an undertaking that initiated a transformation in national hydrologic forecasting by providing streamflow forecasts at high spatial resolution over the whole country. This type of large‐scale, high‐resolution hydrologic modeling requires flexible and scalable tools to handle the resulting computational loads. While high‐throughput computing (HTC) and cloud computing provide an ideal resource for large‐scale modeling because they are cost‐effective and highly scalable, nevertheless, using these tools requires specialized training that is not always common for hydrologists and engineers. In an effort to facilitate the use of HTC resources the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded project, CI‐WATER, has developed a set of Python tools that can automate the tasks of provisioning and configuring an HTC environment in the cloud, and creating and submitting jobs to that environment. These tools are packaged into two Python libraries: CondorPy and TethysCluster. Together these libraries provide a comprehensive toolkit for accessing HTC to support hydrologic modeling. Two use cases are described to demonstrate the use of the toolkit, including a web app that was used to support the NFIE national‐scale modeling. 相似文献