Sugarcane monoculture drives microbial community composition,activity and abundance of agricultural-related microorganisms

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sugarcane monoculture (SM) often leads to soil problems, like soil acidification, degradation, and soil-borne diseases, which ultimately pose a...     

Synthesis of Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on wood-based activated carbon for enhanced photodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on activated carbon (Ni-T/AC) were synthesized by a sol–gel method. The chemical...     

Facile in situ synthesis of silver nanocomposites based on cellulosic paper for photocatalytic applications

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, various photocatalysts were synthesized with an impregnation-precipitation process to in situ decorate Ag-based nanoparticles (NPs,...     

The interaction effects of FEN1 rs174538 polymorphism and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on damage in exon 19 and 21 of EGFR gene in coke oven workers

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and genetic susceptibility were conductive to genotoxic effects including gene damage, which can increase mutational probability. We aimed to explore the dose-effect associations of PAH exposure with damage of exons of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), as well as their associations whether modified by Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) genotype. Two hundred eighty-eight coke oven male workers were recruited, and we detected the concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-pyr) as PAH exposure biomarker in urine and examined base modification in exons of EGFR and BRCA1 respectively, and genotyped FEN1 rs174538 polymorphism in plasma. We found that the damage indexes of exon 19 and 21 of EGFR (EGFR-19 and EGFR-21) were both significantly associated with increased urinary 1-OH-pyr (both P_trend < 0.001). The levels of urinary 1-OH-pyr were both significantly associated with increased EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 in both smokers and nonsmokers (both P < 0.001). Additionally, we observed that the urinary 1-OH-pyr concentrations were linearly associated with both EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 only in rs174538 GA+AA genotype carriers (both P < 0.001). Moreover, FEN1rs rs174538 showed modifying effects on the associations of urinary 1-OH-pyr with EGFR-19 and EGFR-21 (both P_interaction < 0.05). Our findings revealed the linear dose-effect association between exon damage of EGFR and PAH exposure and highlight differences in genetic contributions to exon damage and have the potential to identify at-risk subpopulations who are susceptible to adverse health effects induced by PAH exposure.

     

Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and number of outpatient Helicobacter pylori infection visits

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) is an important risk factor of gastrointestinal diseases, but factors leading to it are still not fully...     

Treatment of drilling fluid waste during oil and gas drilling: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Oil and gas exploration and development provide important energy sources for the world, and drilling fluid is an essential engineering material for...     

Shaping effects of rice,wheat, maize,and soybean seedlings on their rhizosphere microbial community

The rhizosphere microbiome plays critical roles in plant growth and is an important interface for resource exchange between plants and the soil environment. Crops at various growing stages, especially the seedling stage, have strong shaping effects on the rhizosphere microbial community, and such community reconstruction will positively feed back to the plant growth. In the present study, we analyzed the variations of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of four crop species: rice, soybean, maize, and wheat during successive cultivations (three repeats for the seedling stages) using 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) high-throughput sequencing. We found that the relative abundances of specific microorganisms decreased after different cultivation times, e.g., Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Rhodanobacter, and Caulobacter, which have been reported as plant-growth beneficial bacteria. The relative abundances of potential plant pathogenic fungi Myrothecium and Ascochyta increased with the successive cultivation times. The co-occurrence network analysis showed that the bacterial and fungal communities under maize were much more stable than those under rice, soybean, and wheat. The present study explored the characteristics of bacteria and fungi in crop seedling rhizosphere and indicated that the characteristics of indigenous soil flora might determine the plant growth status. Further study will focus on the use of the critical microorganisms to control the growth and yield of specific crops.

     

高炉除尘灰细微颗粒物单/双预荷电强化滤袋过滤特性

传统袋式除尘器对于细微颗粒物的捕集效率不甚理想,在袋式除尘器入口前增加预荷电装置是一种切实可行的强化其过滤特性的技术手段。设计搭建线板式直流高压预荷电器,研究了不同正/负匹配电压及风速对于双极预荷电高炉除尘灰电凝并行为的影响规律,对比分析了滤袋对未荷电、单极负荷电以及双极荷电高炉除尘灰细微颗粒物 (PM _2.5) 的捕集效率与压差特性,得到了不同预荷电方式高炉除尘灰细微颗粒物在滤袋表面沉积的微观形貌结构。结果表明：随着过滤风速 (1.5~0.5 m·s⁻¹及匹配负电压 (−16~−12 kV) 的降低,双极荷电颗粒物凝并效率提高;高炉除尘灰细微颗粒物单/双预荷电均能提高滤袋的过滤效率;对于粒径＜0.5 μm颗粒,双极预荷电技术对滤袋捕集效率的强化效果好于单极预荷电技术;对粒径为0.5~2.5 μm颗粒,单极预荷电技术的强化效果超过了双极预荷电技术;颗粒物单/双预荷电技术还使得滤袋阻力增量值及其增长速率值降低,且单极预荷电技术对于阻力降低效果更为明显。本研究可为利用单/双预荷电技术提升传统袋式除尘器对高炉除尘灰中细微颗粒物的捕集脱除特性提供参考。     

生物质利用方式对富营养水体中碳氮磷含量及其比例的影响

生物质常被添加至富营养水体中以调节碳氮比(C/N),促进脱氮,但不清楚生物质的粒径和投加方式对富营养水体中营养物质浓度和比例的影响。通过机械粉碎制得20~40、40~80、80~160目稻壳颗粒,并选取直接投加和无纺布包裹投加2种投加形式,以不添加稻壳或无纺布包裹砖块作为对照组。以超纯水为水样研究不同粒径和投加方式下稻壳的3 d碳氮磷释放特性;以成都市府河下游河段水样为研究对象,考察了不同粒径和投加方式下稻壳的21 d静态脱氮特性。结果表明,在超纯水中,稻壳释放出COD_Mn(5.5~16.5 mg·L⁻¹)、TP(0.18~0.45 mg·L⁻¹)、TN(0.39~0.95 mg·L⁻¹)、COD_Mn/TN(8.5~19.7)、COD_Mn/TP(27.9~37.5),前四者均呈现出80~160目>40~80目>20~40目的规律,仅COD_Mn和COD_Mn/TN呈现直接投加>无纺布包裹投加的规律。在静态脱氮实验中,21 d后,添加了稻壳的水样COD_Mn含量由28.1 mg上升至71.7~143.0 mg,TP含量由1.2 mg下降至0.2~0.5 mg,COD_Mn/TN由0.9上升至8.5~16.5,COD_Mn/TP由24.2上升至170以上,这4个参数的变化情况与稻壳的碳氮磷释放规律相同;TN含量由30.04 mg下降至7.64~8.68 mg,低于对照组(13.2~13.9 mg),但粒径和投加方式仅对实验初期水中氮的存在形态有影响。粒径决定稻壳的比表面积,投加方式决定稻壳的间隙,并影响微生物的附着效果,进而影响稻壳的碳氮磷释放效果。在实际应用时可根据情况,采用不同的生物质粒径和投加方式,以调节水中营养物质浓度和比例。     

制粒及工艺优化对工程化阴燃治理含油污泥的影响

针对含油污泥含水率高、含油率高、渗透性差导致应用工程化阴燃处置技术的适应性差、处置能力低等问题,采用制粒手段强化含油污泥的预处理过程,并对其阴燃点燃及推进方式加以调整,旨在筛选出较优的预处理和阴燃工艺参数。通过小试实验探索了含水率对油泥制粒的影响,以及含水率、制粒状态、辅助燃料、阴燃启动方式和推进方向对阴燃的影响。结果表明,某含油废水治理产生的含油污泥可采用对辊挤出制粒的方式进行预处理,含水率宜控制在33%~35%;油泥经脱水或制粒均可增强阴燃稳健性;含水率较高时添加质量分数5%的稻壳,点燃耗时可缩短约40%,阴燃蔓延速度提升约70%;采用木炭间接启动阴燃也可显著缩短点燃耗时。本研究结果可为工程化阴燃治理油泥的工艺和设备设计提供参考。