纳米Fe_3O_4的制备及其强化聚铁絮凝性能的研究

在对聚合硫酸铁(PFS)絮凝性能研究的基础上,采用化学沉淀法制备了纳米Fe3O4,并对纳米Fe3O4强化聚合硫酸铁絮凝性能进行了研究。结果表明:纳米Fe3O4可以强化聚合硫酸铁的絮凝效果并有助于加速矾花沉降,处理制衣厂水洗废水脱色率、COD去除率、絮体沉降速度明显优于PFS、PAC、FeSO4等传统的絮凝剂。脱色率、COD去除率达到95.3%、80.4%。     

Adsorptive removal of hydrophobic organic compounds by carbonaceous adsorbents: A comparative study of waste-polymer-based, coal-based activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes

Adsorption of the hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,3-dichlorobenzene (DCB), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB) and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) on five different carbonaceous materials was compared. The adsorbents included three polymer-based activated carbons, one coal-based activated carbon (F400) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT). The polymerbased activated carbons were prepared using KOH activation from waste polymers: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) and tire rubber (TR). Compared with F400 and MWNT, activated carbons derived from PVC and PET exhibited fast adsorption kinetics and high adsorption capacity toward the HOCs, attributed to their extremely large hydrophobic surface area (2700 m²/g) and highly mesoporous structures. Adsorption of small-sized TCE was stronger on the tire-rubber-based carbon and F400 resulting from the pore-filling effect. In contrast, due to the molecular sieving effect, their adsorption on HCH was lower. MWNT exhibited the lowest adsorption capacity toward HOCs because of its low surface area and characteristic of aggregating in aqueous solution.     

Topsoil dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations and sources along an urban-rural gradient in the Yellow River Delta

The Yellow River Delta (YRD) is a typical agricultural and petrochemical industrial area of China. To assess the current status of soil dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) residues, topsoil samples (0-15 cm) (n = 82) were collected in Bincheng District, at the geographic center of the YRD. The total concentrations of six DDT homologues were within 3.3-3819 μg/kg, with a mean concentration of 191 μg/kg, showing significant increase along urban-rural gradient. Soil concentrations of seven indicator PCBs in the area ranged from non-detectable to 87.0 μg/kg, dominated by heavily chlorinated PCBs (PCB-101 and -118). Soil PCBs concentrations were significantly greater in urban than suburban and rural areas. Principal component and multiple linear regression analysis suggest that 86.4% of soil DDTs originate from past DDT usage, and 13.6% originate from dicofol application. Soil PCBs most likely originate from the petrochemical industry (77.1%), municipal solid waste disposal (16.5%), local commercial PCB homologues usage (5.2%), and long-range atmospheric deposition (1.2%). In general, soil DDTs pollution was classified as low level, and mean PCBs concentrations were below the severe contamination classification range. Because PCB-118 is a dioxin-like congener, monitoring and remediation is advised to assess and reduce negative environmental and human health effects from soil DDTs and dioxin-like congeners in the study area.     

输油站队危害控制管理探讨

针对油气管道企业的实际生产运营特点,对风险管理的基本思路进行了探讨,就目前国内外常用危害因素的识别评判方法进行了归纳分析,给出了适合输油站队的风险控制的管理方法和措施。     

对几种公路交通噪声预测模式的差异分析

文章从评价范围、源强界定和参数修正三方面对《环境影响评价技术导则声环境》(HJ/T 2.4-1995)、《环境影响评价技术导则声环境》(HJ 2.4-2009)、《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范(试行)》(JTJ 005-96)、《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》(JTGB 03-2006)、《环境影响评价技术导则公路建设项目》(HJ 552-2010)等五种公路交通噪声预测模式的差异进行对比分析,探究哪种预测模式更加合理。     

运用水质指数法评价厦门石兜—坂头水库水质

石兜—坂头水库是厦门市的重要饮用水水源地,其水质的好坏直接影响供水安全保障。根据2007年11月-2011年10月的水质监测数据,参照GB 3838-2002Ⅱ类水质标准,将27项水质监测指标分为3类,计算历年丰、平、枯水期水质综合指数(WQI),评价水质状况。结果表明:①难处理的毒性污染指标的WQI值小于10,远未危及水质安全;②易净化的污染指标中高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量、大肠杆菌等在个别时段超标;③影响水质的最主要指标是总磷和总氮,单项指数常年保持在40以上,并曾一度接近80,达到Ⅳ类水质标准,水体受到一定的氮、磷污染。④4年来,水质变化处于相对比较稳定的状态,丰、平、枯水期水质变化不甚明显,最大WQI为33.3,水质评价为优良,是合格的供水水源地。就污染物成因及该水源地保护措施进行了探讨。     

Environmental Implication of Intensive Farming Practices on North China Plain

Abstract

The current pressure on production resources of North China Plain, such as land and water to feed the growing population, necessitates the assessment of the sustainability of farming practices. This study focuses on the sustainability of farming practices related to groundwater and soil fertility management. The assessment is based on selected site-specific key indicators and their established threshold limits. The current farming practices in the study area are clearly unsustainable. Only about 6% of the surveyed farm households practice sustainable farming. The study stresses that farming practice, which is economically sustainable, should not be promoted at the cost of environment. Holistic strategies need to be developed and implemented that aim at balanced use of inputs, which satisfy both productivity and environmental concerns.     

长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中有机污染物复合毒性与多环芳烃毒性贡献

本研究利用发光细菌急性毒性实验测定了长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中有机污染物的复合毒性,同时运用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了沉积物中16种美国环境保护局(United States Environmental Protection Agency, US EPA)规定的优先控制的多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)的浓度。在此基础上,分析其时空分布特征及多环芳烃毒性贡献,并评估其环境风险。结果表明,2019年长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中16种PAHs总浓度范围为32.84～283.47 ng·g^(-1);2020年浓度范围为66.93～132.64 ng·g(-1);2020年浓度范围为66.93～132.64 ng·g^(-1)。在空间分布上,2019年长江口表层沉积物中PAHs在靠近渔港的区域呈现较高浓度(S3=(283.47±29.94) ng·g(-1)。在空间分布上,2019年长江口表层沉积物中PAHs在靠近渔港的区域呈现较高浓度(S3=(283.47±29.94) ng·g^(-1)),而2020年在靠近舟山岛的区域呈现较高浓度(L6=(132.64±9.95) ng·g(-1)),而2020年在靠近舟山岛的区域呈现较高浓度(L6=(132.64±9.95) ng·g^(-1))。与2019年相比,2020年多环芳烃的平均浓度有所降低,且其细胞毒性量化指标——生物分析当量浓度(BEQ_(bio))的平均值(66.62 mg·kg(-1))。与2019年相比,2020年多环芳烃的平均浓度有所降低,且其细胞毒性量化指标——生物分析当量浓度(BEQ_(bio))的平均值(66.62 mg·kg^(-1))远低于2019年(128.20 mg·kg(-1))远低于2019年(128.20 mg·kg^(-1))。在长江口沉积物毒性当量浓度中PAHs所占比例较小,2019年和2020年由PAHs引起的细胞毒性的平均占比分别为4.46%和4.25%。该结果表明,检测到的PAHs仅能解释所观察到的复合毒性效应的一小部分,因此,还需要进一步对其他未检测的化学物质进行测试分析。     

4-[1-Ethyl-1-methylhexy]-phenol induces apoptosis and interrupts Ca2+ homeostasis via ROS pathway in Sertoli TM4 cells

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biological effect of an individual nonylphenol (NP) isomer extremely relies upon the side chain structure. This research was designed to evaluate the...     

Spatial spillover effects of urbanization on carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To achieve a win–win situation for both urbanization and carbon emissions reduction from a spatiotemporal perspective, we need to identify the...