《千年生态系统评估》

揭示生态系统变化对人类福祉的影响警醒决策者与公众做出积极反应。[编者按]     

日本八大公害案件裁决后的日本环境法发展及对中国环境法发展之借鉴

分析了日本八大公害案件的裁决对日本环境法发展的影响，如法制思想的转变，判例的应用，民事责任制度的发展以及环境管理机构的完善等，讨论了其对中国环境法制建设的借鉴。     

膜生物反应器运行中的膜污染问题

这了各国研究者针对膜生物反应器中的膜污染问题所作的工作，认为膜本身的性质以及废水组成和工艺条件都是造成膜污染的主要原因，利用反冲洗和清洗手段，可以有效地改善膜的性能，以提高膜的寿命，膜生物反应器技术的改进是避免膜污染的新思路。     

三槽式切换氧化沟运行工况数学模式及应用

三槽式切换氧化沟运行工况呈周期性的变化。根据理论分析，建立了各槽活性污泥浓度变化及相互关系的数学模式，并进行了验证。同时就数字模式在周期程序设置及排泥方式选择时的应用做了说明。     

资源与资源利用者共存系统的数学模型初探

本文在种群营养动力学的基础上分析了资源及其利用者的共存系统。结论表明,如果人类过度利用资源,则此共存系统将要崩溃。     

光合细菌与酵母跨界融合(杂合)子发酵味精废水研究

光合细菌球形红假单胞菌（Ｒｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ）酿酒酵母（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ）细胞分别经溶菌酶和蜗牛酶脱壁形成原生质体，在聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）和Ｃａ＾２＋诱导下实现了真核与原核细胞的超远缘杂交，经抗菌素培养基初步鉴定，融合产物能同时在含有链霉素和制霉菌素的培养基中生长，而双亲细胞只能在含有单一抗菌素的培养基中生长，经初筛与得获得高絮弟性     

生态系统与人类福祉:工商业的机遇与挑战

工商业在两个方面与生态系统和生态系统服务相互联系：它们使用各种服务。同时促成生态系统的变化。“千年评估”发现。评估涉及的生态系统服务中。有2／3的服务功能正在退化或被人们以非持续的方式利用。这对整个世界来说具有普遍的严重后果，它将从三个主要方面影响工商业。     

Elemental sulfur effects on Pb and Zn uptake by Indian mustard and winter wheat

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, Indian mustard( Brassica juncea ) and a field crop, winter wheat( Triticum. aestivum). Elemental sulfur(S) with different rates was carried out, they were 0(S0 ), 20(S20 ), 40(S40 ), 80(S80 ), and 160(S160 ) mmol/kg respectively. Extra pots with the same rates of S but without plants were used for soil sampling to monitor pH and CaCl2-extractable heavy metal changes. The results showed that S enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and Zn from contaminated soil. Application S effectively decreased soil pH down to 1.1 as the most at the rate of Sl60. The concentrations of CaCl2-extractable Pb and Zn in soil and uptake of Pb and Zn by the plants were increased with soil pH decreased. A good correlation between CaCl2-extractable Pb/Zn and soil pH was found( Rpb^2 = 0.847 and RZn^2 = 0,991, n = 25). With S application, soil CaCl2-extractable Pb and Zn concentrations, concentration of Pb and Zn in plants and the amount of removal by plant uptake were significanfly higher than those without S. Under the treatment of S160, the highest CaCl2-extmctable Pb and Zn were observed, they were 4.23 mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg, 2.7 and 2.0 times as that of the control(So ) respectively. At the highest rates of S( Sl~0 ), both Indian mustard and winter wheat reached the highest uptake of Pb and Zn. The highest Pb concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 32.8 mg/kg and 537.0 mg/kg, all 1.8 times as that of the control, and the highest Zn concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 215.5 mg/kg and 404.0 mg/kg, 2.4 and 2.0 times as that of the control respectively. The highest removals of Pb and Zn from the contaminated soil were 0.41 rag/pot and 0.31 nag/pot by Indian mustard in the treatment of S160 through 50 days growth.     

COD/SO_4~(2-)值对硫酸盐还原率的影响

研究利用 UASB反应器考察了 COD和硫酸盐浓度的比值对硫酸盐还原的影响 ,同时分析了硫酸盐还原菌和产甲烷菌对COD的竞争情况 .发现在 HRT为 3.8h,SO2 -4 负荷为 6～ 7kg· ( m3· d) - 1 ,SO2 -4 浓度为 1 0 0 0 mg· L- 1 条件下 :1在 COD不足时 ,SRB与 MPB在竞争中占微弱优势 ;对于产甲烷活性比较好的厌氧污泥要经过较长的时间 ,SRB才能确立优势菌种的地位 .2 COD/ SO2 -4 比值决定了 SO2 -4 的去除率 .比值等于 2时 ,SO2 -4 的还原率在 95%以上 ;当比值为 1 .5时 ,SO2 -4 还原率为 75% ;当比值为 1时 ,SO2 -4 的还原率为 60 % .     

碳酸锶废水对生态环境的影响调查及治理方案

碳酸锶因电子工业飞速发展而身价百倍，但其生产废水的直接排放则造成了严重的环境污染，本文通过对水体、农业、渔业、人体健康和水生生物等多种因素调查，掌握了碳酸锶废水污染成因，同时提出了资源再利用方案。