Immune responses,DNA damage and ultrastructural alterations of gills in the marine mussel Lithophaga lithophaga exposed to CuO nanoparticles

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nanoparticle (NP) pollution is a worldwide problem. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are one of the most used NPs in a variety of applications,...     

Spatial and seasonal dynamics of phosphorous and physicochemical variables in the Negro River Estuary (Argentina): a preliminary approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nutrient discharge into rivers and estuaries and the factors that control it need to be further understood to decrease the risk of harmful algae...     

Methane emission quantification from municipal waste landfills: models and computer software—a case study of Long An Province,Vietnam

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Vietnam has been one of the nations strongly affected by climate change; hence, finding and promoting solutions in order to adapt and proactively...     

Analysis of spatial and temporal changes of vegetation cover and its driving forces in the Huainan mining area

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Huainan mining area is rich in coal resources and has sparse vegetation and many collapsed waterways. Large-scale and long-term underground coal...     

Ecotoxicological risk assessment for sediments of Çavuşlu stream in Giresun,Turkey: association between garbage disposal facility and metallic accumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The objective of this paper was to stress the possible potential toxic element (PTE) accumulation in the surface sediments of the Çavu?lu...     

Assessing Habitat Suitability for Native and Alien Freshwater Mussels in the River Waal (the Netherlands), Using Hydroacoustics and Species Sensitivity Distributions

Environmental Modeling & Assessment - Longitudinal training dams (LTDs) in the river Waal are novel river training structures that protect the littoral zone from the adverse effects of...     

掘进面出风口风流与风幕调控下的粉尘分布响应曲面优化研究*

为了解决煤矿掘进面风筒出风口参数不能动态变化,而传统风幕全断面控尘效果不理想引起的粉尘浓度高等问题,通过分析风幕和出风口参数对粉尘分布规律的影响,以此得到合理的出风口风流与风幕综合调控方案,降低粉尘浓度。以陕西神木柠条塔煤矿N1212巷道为研究对象,利用Fluent软件建立出风口风流与风幕综合调控的粉尘场有限元模型,设计出风口风流及风幕综合调控响应曲面实验,得到最佳综合调控方案为:风幕射流出口宽度为0.16 m,风幕射流出口速度为6 m/s,出风口口径为0.9 m,出风口右偏角度为3°。搭建相似模拟实验平台来验证最佳综合调控方案,研究结果表明:调控后回风侧行人呼吸处和司机位置处粉尘平均浓度分别降低89%和81%,有效改善掘进面作业环境。     

酸性偶氮染料还原产物强化偶氮染料生物脱色

考察醌还原菌群利用酸性偶氮染料的生物还原产物对偶氮染料生物脱色的强化作用.结果表明,酸性红B 等酸性偶氮染料的还原产物作为氧化还原介体可以强化多种偶氮染料的生物脱色.当酸性红B 还原产物浓度为0.2mol/L 时,其对活性艳红KE-3B 最佳脱色pH 值为7~11,在4~40℃范围内脱色率随温度上升而提高.根据高效液相色谱-质谱对酸性红B 还原产物的分析结果,推测起氧化还原介体作用的物质是2-氨基-4-磺酸基-1-萘酚     

New expansions in old clades: population genetics and phylogeny of Gnatholepis species (Teleostei: Gobioidei) in the Pacific

Species of the reef goby genus Gnatholepis exhibit enormous geographic ranges with little evidence of population segregation detectable based on mitochondrial DNA. To determine if genetic differentiation is evident with more rapidly evolving markers, seven microsatellite loci were screened from the species Gnatholepis anjerensis and G. scapulostigma and population segregation was tested among fish from across the South Pacific. Both AMOVA and pairwise F _ST analyses showed that, in concordance with previous mitochondrial results, most genetic variance occurs within individual populations, as population differentiation is evident only over the largest distances (>3,700 km). This result is contrasted with previous studies demonstrating that despite their relatively long larval periods, some gobiid fishes exhibit population differentiation on small (<100 km) geographic scales. Coalescence analysis showed that current Pacific populations of these species originated in the Pleistocene, presumably related to sea level fluctuations associated with episodes of glaciation. However, rate analysis based on a phylogeny of Gnatholepis species indicates that the species themselves are much older, consistent with a complex history of rapid, short-term population contractions and expansions, with corresponding rapid dispersal.     

How do larvae attach to a solid in a laminar flow?

A hydrodynamic model explaining the mechanism of contact of marine larvae in vertical flows is presented. Two hydrodynamic factors—flow vorticity and larval self-propulsion—are the key components in the mathematical model. It is shown that flow vorticity causes a larva to rotate and change the direction of self-thrust, thus leading to its migration across the mean flow. The latter motion is of an oscillatory nature. Contact will be enabled only for sufficiently large amplitudes of oscillations. Simple expressions for the probability of initial contact are obtained for two-dimensional Couette and Poiseuille flows. The three-dimensional motion of a larva in a tube is studied using the Monte-Carlo simulations. It is shown that contact probability depends mainly on the ratio of the characteristic flow velocity and the larva’s swimming speed. The theoretical results compare favorably with available experimental data. Possible applications of the method and results presented here to the classical problem of larval attachment to bodies of general geometry are briefly discussed in the concluding section.