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991.
在不同温度下,研究了流化填料分格式SBR工艺(简称MESBR工艺)与传统的SBR工艺的COD去除率,有机物降解速率,脱氮效果和污泥沉降性能。结果表明:MESBR系统温度下降到5℃时,COD的去除率基本稳定在90%以上,比传统SBR系统高出15%左右;MESBR系统与传统SBR系统的温度系数θ分别为1.021和1.045。温度由20℃下降至5℃时,传统SBR系统的TN和NH3-N去除率分别降低26.5%和20%,而MESBR系统分别降低18.6%和11%。传统SBR系统SVI值随温度变化较大,当温度下降到5℃时SVI值达到234.8 mL/g,而MESBR系统的SVI值没有明显的变化,基本维持在120~130 mL/g。 相似文献
992.
六氯苯和重金属复合污染沉积物的电动力学修复研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
以某化工厂排污沟渠中受六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene,HCB)、锌和镍复合污染的实际沉积物为对象,研究非离子表面活性剂OP-10对沉积物中污染物的增溶解吸效果和电动力学修复污染物的强化迁移效果。解吸实验结果表明:OP-10对HCB增溶解吸效果较好,对重金属离子的解吸有一定的促进作用。电动力学修复发现,随电渗析流进入沉积物中的OP-10很快的吸附在靠近阳极沉积物上,从而阻碍了助剂的输送并影响HCB的迁移,而靠近阴极区域沉积物中的有机质迁移会促进HCB的去除。沉积物pH变化引起的重金属沉淀是制约锌迁移的主要因素。镍的整体迁移效果不明显。 相似文献
993.
994.
以天津某隧道工程环评为例,介绍了隧道NOX排放量的计算方法;采用高斯模式预测了风塔下风向NO2扩散浓度,计算结果表明在排放口下风向129 m范围内、空间69~73 m高度范围内NO2浓度超标;采用TOP模式预测了峒口下风向NO2的扩散浓度,计算结果表明峒口下风向30 m范围内NO2浓度超标;提出了隧道工程废气污染控制措施。 相似文献
995.
996.
Combustion and inorganic bromine emission of waste printed circuit boards in a high temperature furnace 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
High temperature combustion experiments of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) were conducted using a lab-scale system featuring a continuously-fed drop tube furnace. Combustion efficiency and the occurrence of inorganic bromine (HBr and Br2) were systematically studied by monitoring the main combustion products continuously. The influence of furnace temperature (T) was studied from 800 to 1400 °C, the excess air factor (EAF) was varied from 1.2 to 1.9 and the residence time in the high temperature zone (RTHT) was set at 0.25, 0.5, or 0.75 s.Combustion efficiency depends on temperature, EAF and RTHT; temperature has the most significant effect. Conversion of organic bromine from flame retardants into HBr and Br2 depends on temperature and EAF. Temperature has crucial influence over the ratio of HBr to Br2, whereas oxygen partial pressure plays a minor role. The two forms of inorganic bromine seem substantially to reach thermodynamic equilibrium within 0.25 s. High temperature is required to improve the combustion performance: at 1200 °C or higher, an EAF of 1.3 or more, and a RTHT exceeding 0.75 s, combustion is quite complete, the CO concentration in flue gas and remained carbon in ash are sufficiently low, and organobrominated compounds are successfully decomposed (more than 99.9%).According to these results, incineration of waste PCBs without preliminary separation and without additives would perform very well under certain conditions; the potential precursors for brominated dioxins formation could be destroyed efficiently. Increasing temperature could decrease the volume percentage ratio of Br2/HBr in flue gas greatly. 相似文献
997.
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel thermal conversion process that may be a viable means for managing solid waste streams while minimizing greenhouse gas production and producing residual material with intrinsic value. HTC is a wet, relatively low temperature (180-350 °C) thermal conversion process that has been shown to convert biomass to a carbonaceous residue referred to as hydrochar. Results from batch experiments indicate HTC of representative waste materials is feasible, and results in the majority of carbon (45-75% of the initially present carbon) remaining within the hydrochar. Gas production during the batch experiments suggests that longer reaction periods may be desirable to maximize the production of energy-favorable products. If using the hydrochar for applications in which the carbon will remain stored, results suggest that the gaseous products from HTC result in fewer g CO(2)-equivalent emissions than the gases associated with landfilling, composting, and incineration. When considering the use of hydrochar as a solid fuel, more energy can be derived from the hydrochar than from the gases resulting from waste degradation during landfilling and anaerobic digestion, and from incineration of food waste. Carbon emissions resulting from the use of the hydrochar as a fuel source are smaller than those associated with incineration, suggesting HTC may serve as an environmentally beneficial alternative to incineration. The type and extent of environmental benefits derived from HTC will be dependent on hydrochar use/the purpose for HTC (e.g., energy generation or carbon storage). 相似文献
998.
以不同的含钛化合物作为原料,在无模板条件下经一步溶剂热法合成了两种TiO2介孔球——TiO2-1和TiO2-2。对两种TiO2介孔球的形貌进行了表征,结果表明:TiO2-1和TiO2-2粒径分别为5.7 nm和8.0 nm;比表面积分别为159.4 m2/g和128.3 m2/g;孔径约为4.0 nm和5.0 nm。采用P25型TiO2、TiO2-1和TiO2-2对双酚A溶液进行光催化降解反应。在催化剂加入量为0.5 mg/L的条件下降解60 min,双酚A去除率分别为76.3%,99.7%,98.5%。TiO2-1和TiO2-2的光催化效果优于P25型TiO2,且TiO2-1的光催化效果更好。 相似文献
999.
Kun‐Yeun Han Sang‐Ho Kim Deg‐Hyo Bae 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(3):695-708
ABSTRACT: This study developed a QUAL2E‐Reliability Analysis (QUAL2E‐RA) model for the stochastic water quality analysis of the downstream reach of the main Han River in Korea. The proposed model is based on the QUAL2E model and incorporates the Advanced First‐Order Second‐Moment (AFOSM) and Mean‐Value First‐Order Second‐Moment (MFOSM) methods. After the hydraulic characteristics from standard step method are identified, the optimal reaction coefficients are then estimated using the Broyden‐Fletcher‐Goldfarb‐Shanno (BFGS) method. Considering variations in river discharges, pollutant loads from tributaries, and reaction coefficients, the violation probabilities of existing water quality standards at several locations in the river were computed from the AFOSM and MFOSM methods, and the results were compared with those from the Monte Carlo method. The statistics of the three uncertainty analysis methods show that the outputs from the AFOSM and MFOSM methods are similar to those from the Monte Carlo method. From a practical model selection perspective, the MFOSM method is more attractive in terms of its computational simplicity and execution time. 相似文献
1000.