厌氧氨氧化理论与工艺研究进展

氨的厌氧氧化(ANAMMOX)是一种新型生物脱氮技术。它是指在厌氧条件下,通过特定的兼性和专性厌氧自养细菌的作用,将NH4+-N和NO2--N反应转化为N2的过程。ANAMMOX工艺与现有工艺相比有明显的优越性。回顾了厌氧氨氧化现象的发现过程,介绍了近年来厌氧氨氧化理论和可行工艺的研究进展,指出该工艺存在的问题和今后研究方向。     

含氮废水生物处理技术研究现状及发展趋势

近年来,污水脱氮处理技术不断发展,涌现了很多新方法和手段。生物脱氮技术能耗低、易于操作、无二次污染且成本低,是一项极具发展前景的技术。本文介绍了近几年国内外该方向的研究成果,内容包括水中氮污染特征、传统生物脱氮技术与新兴生物脱氮技术,文章阐述了目前生物脱氮技术存在问题,展望了生物脱氮技术的发展趋势。     

2008-2010年洱海水质及藻类初步分析

根据2008～2010年洱海水质和藻种监测数据,得出洱海水质现状及藻类的变化状况。监测结果表明:近3年洱海水质总体呈好转趋势,三个监测站点水质好转表现为海东>才村>团山;总藻细胞密度则恰恰相反,其大小为团山>才村>海东。藻类种属方面,洱海共检出8门61属;蓝藻、绿藻门数目占总数的80%以上,其次为硅藻,约10%左右,洱海的藻类植物群落组成主要为蓝藻-绿藻-硅藻类型。此外,2010年以前三个监测点以蓝藻居多,2010年后绿藻及硅藻比重跃增,其他藻种出现频率升高,导致洱海藻类浮游植物群落组成有所变化,洱海藻类丰度提高,其原因可能与2010年云南气候的反常引发环境变化造成。     

离心风机辐射噪声的降噪量预测

本文运用LMS Testlab软件对某风机现场工作时的噪声进行了测试分析,得出风机工作时的噪声频谱特征;运用LMS TestLab Sound Diagnosis模块的声诊断技术对采集到的风机实时信号进行了降噪量预测,为后期的噪声治理提供依据。避免了噪声治理的盲目性,更经济合理。     

Influence of soil type and genotype on Cd bioavailability and uptake by rice and implications for food safety

Cadmium (Cd) entering the human body via the food chain is of increasing concern. This study investigates the effects of soil type and genotype on variations in the Cd concentrations of different organs of nine rice plants grown on two types of soils with two Cd levels. Cd concentrations in nine rice cultivars varied significantly with genotype and soil type (P < 0.01). The Cd concentration was higher in red paddy soil (RP) than in yellow clayey paddy soil (YP). The average Cd concentrations of different organs in three rice types were indica > hybrid > japonica for the Cd treatments and controls. The polished grain concentration in YP and RP soils had a range of 0.055-0.23 mg/kg and 0.13-0.36 mg/kg in the Cd treatment, respectively. Two rice cultivars in YP soil and five rice cultivars in RP soil exceeded the concentration limits in the Chinese Food Hygiene Standard (0.2 mg/kg). The Cd concentrations in roots, stems, and leaves were all significantly and positively correlated to that in polished grain in a single test. The Cd concentrations in polished grain were positively and significantly (P < 0.01) correlated with the calculated transfer factors of stem to grain and leaf to grain Cd transfer. The results indicated that the variations of Cd concentration in grain were related to Cd uptake and the remobilization of Cd from stem and leaf to grain. Also, the cultivars with a strong tendency for Cd-accumulation should be avoided in paddy soil with low soil pH and low organic matter content to reduce the risks to human health from high Cd levels in rice.     

中国社会源危险废物管理现状及其防治对策研究

文章论述了中国社会源危险废物面临的主要问题以及目前的管理现状,主要表现在农药包装废弃物量大面广、管理缺失,废旧日光灯处理能力不足,汽车行业废旧电池未能得到有效监管,实验室危险废物处置程度很低等。在此基础上,详细阐述了如下社会源危险废物的防治对策：从选择政府机关、工业区、商场、家庭等,开展社会源危险废物分类收集和处理的试点工作,开展农村废弃农药包装物污染防治工作,开展实验室废物规范化管理,加大社会源危险废物污染防治工作的宣传教育力度等社会源危险废物的防治对策。     

Impact of Growing Income Inequality on Sustainable Development in China: A Provincial-level Analysis

Abstract

A growing body of literature has documented the rapidly increasing income disparities that accompanied China's economic growth in the 1980s and 1990s, and the driving factors behind this. Growing income inequality in its turn may have important implications for the accumulation of physical capital, human capital, and natural capital and as a consequence for sustainable economic development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential impact of income inequality on savings, human resources and the environment in China. It starts with an overview of the different causal mechanisms through which income inequality may affect the accumulation of physical capital, human capital, and natural capital, and discusses to what extent these causal relationships may be relevant in the case of China. Next, provincial data for the year 2002 are used to explore the relationship between income inequality and different elements of sustainable development in China. It is found that income inequality does not affect aggregate savings levels. Rising inequality, however, contributes to lower health and possibly also to higher fertility levels. It also lowers the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture and therefore is likely to reduce water pollution. Other types of environmental degradation are not affected.     

A novel preparation process of straw-based iron material for enhanced persulfate activation of reactive black 5 degradation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, a new straw-iron composite material (ST@Fe) was synthesized through impregnation and freeze-drying process for persulfate (PS)...     

Effects of phosphorus-containing material application on soil cadmium bioavailability: a meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Diverse phosphorus-containing materials (PCMs) were widely applied in remediation of cadmium-contaminated soils, and their effects on the change of...