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101.
Berislav Momčilović Juraj Prejac Vjeran Višnjević Ninoslav Mimica Sandra Morović Asja Čelebić 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(6):1238-1246
Environmental exposure to silver (Ag) was assessed in occupationally non-exposed adult human population by analyzing Ag in the hair (H?·?Ag) and whole blood (WB?·?Ag). H?·?Ag was analyzed in 311 (123 men, M; 188 women, W); while WB?·?Ag was determined in 235 of these individuals (90 M, 145 W). Women had more H?·?Ag than men (M 0.05 vs. W 0.076), whereas WB?·?Ag concentrations in men and women were not significantly different. A natural distribution of the median derivatives was utilized to generate the dataset to fit the logistic sigmoid curve to assess the current human body burden of environmental Ag population exposure for M and W separately. The H?·?Ag (µg?g?1) below 0.0105 for M and 0.0145 for W, reflects low level of environmental Ag exposure. The adaptive physiological saturation phase followed where H?·?Ag rose rapidly, first for M and then for W in parallel with biological assay. Both parallel saturation curves converged and plateaued at 0.215 for M and 0.965 for W (µg?g?1). The current level of human environmental Ag exposure is low, but cases of high Ag exposure occurred sporadically. In conjunction with the medical histories overt clinical neural toxicity may be expected for H?·?Ag at 4?µg?g?1and higher. There were no significant correlation between the H?·?Ag and WB?·?Ag. 相似文献
102.
AbstractThis study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of oral treatment and skin decontamination with the mineral cationic carrier in sarin-intoxicated mice. Mice were contaminated with increasing percutaneous sarin doses and decontaminated. Furthermore, the surviving mice were treated per os. The behavioral patterns of the surviving animals were monitored for 72?h, including the animals’ posture, desire for food and water, and approach and touch response. The results showed the mineral cationic carrier to be capable of efficiently decontaminating animals percutaneous poisoned with triple lethal dose. The comparison of behavioral pattern of control animals against those treated per os showed statistically significant differences. Oral treatment with mineral cationic carrier may be a detoxification tool against nerve agents’ poisoning, and this merits further research. 相似文献
103.
During the incineration of the chlorinated hydrocarbons originating as the side products in vinyl chloride plant, hypochlorite ion appears as a pollutant in plant waste water. To remove it to the permitted level of 2 mg/l the process of the catalytic oxidation by cobalt (II, III) oxide, followed by sodium sulphite treatment has been chosen. It was shown that the above choice gives satisfactory results. The influence of some parameters such as retention time, effluent pH and temperature versus removal efficiency have been determined. 相似文献
104.
UV-fluorescence spectroscopy method with synchronous mode of scanning was used to characterize the types of aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments. the sampling stations were located on two transverses between Yugoslavian and the Italian coasts in the middle of the Adriatic Sea. the preparation of sediment samples was made according to IOC/UNESCO (1982). Synchronous excitation/emission scanning were done at wavelengths from 236/260 to 516/540 nm. Since the wavelength of maximum emission is a function of fused aromatic rings in a molecule, the fluorescence spectra of each sample were divided into three intervals: 300–340, 340–400, over 400 nm, corresponding to compounds with 2, 3 and 4,5 and more rings respectively. Large qualitative differences were established between sediment samples. PAH with 5 and more rings are more prevalent near the Italian coast. 相似文献
105.
Veronika Holcová Jan Šíma Keith Edwards Eva Semančíková Jiří Dušek Hana Šantrůčková 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(5):362-367
Retention times of treated water in a constructed wetland (CW) with horizontal subsurface flow were determined both in the vegetative and non-vegetative periods of 2005. Tracer experiments were performed using fluorescein, an organic compound detectable at extremely low concentrations. Nominal and tracer retention times were determined and compared. Winter tracer retention time (TRT 194 h) and nominal retention time (nHRT 190 h) were nearly exactly equal, while summer TRT (335 h) was approximately twofold higher than nHRT (158 h). Residence time distribution function (RTD) was used to compare retention times obtained for the vegetative and non-vegetative periods. The obtained results document a significant influence of dense common reed vegetation on retention characteristics of the studied system. Common reed can convert a significant volume of water from liquid to gas via evapotranspiration (ET) and thus prolong water retention times in the system. This is very important both technically and ecologically. Longer retention times mean a longer time for microbiological decay of wastewater. Water converted from liquid to gas causes cooling of the microclimate, which is very important, especially in intensively cultivated areas with a lack of water. 相似文献
106.
Ryoko Fujiyoshi Yukihide Haraki Takashi Sumiyoshi Hikaru Amano Ivan Kobal Janja Vaupotič 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2010,32(1):73-82
Radon (222Rn) and carbon dioxide were monitored simultaneously in soil air under a cool-temperate deciduous stand on the campus of Hokkaido
University, Sapporo, Japan. Both 222Rn and CO2 concentrations in soil air varied with atmospheric (soil) temperature in three seasons, except for winter when the temperature
in soil air remained constant at 2–3°C at depth of 80 cm. In winter, the gaseous components were influenced by low-pressure
region passing through the observation site when the ground surface was covered with snow of ~1 m thickness. Carbon isotopic
analyses of CO2 suggested that CO2 in soil air may result from mixing of atmospheric air and soil components of different origins, i.e. CO2 from contemporary soil organic matter and old carbon from deeper source, to varying degrees, depending on seasonal meteorological
and thus biological conditions. 相似文献
107.
108.
Alžbeta Jarošová Jiří Harazim Lenka Krátká Doubravka Kolenčíková 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2010,8(4):387-391
Phthalates are animal carcinogens and may cause death or tissue deformities. Samples of feedstuffs collected in 2005 and 2006
from industrial feed manufacturers in the Czech Republic were analysed for contamination with phthalic acid esters (PAEs),
specifically di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP). Samples of feed additives, premixes and raw materials were collected (year 2005, n = 26). For soybean oil, the total volume of phthalates measured (DBP + DEHP) reached a level of 131.42 mg kg−1; for rapeseed oil, fish meal and animal fats, the levels measured were 15.00, 7.96 and 58.87 mg kg−1, respectively. The lowest level of DBP + DEHP was found in corn (2.03 mg kg−1). Since phthalates were detected, samples of feed additives (n = 28) and raw materials (n = 28) were collected again in 2006. The highest levels of DBP + DEHP were found in raw materials containing fat. Phthalate
levels in rapeseed oil samples ranged from 1.38 to 32.40 mg kg−1 DBP + DEHP. For feed additives, contamination levels in vitamins and amino acids ranged from 0.06 to 3.15 and 1.76 to 4.52 mg kg−1 DBP + DEHP, respectively. Here, we show that the levels of PAEs found in cereals such as wheat, barley and corn may be regarded
as being alarmingly high, because cereals make up the largest proportion of compound feed of farm animals. 相似文献
109.
Kormaňáková Marcela Remešová Marcela Vančová Terézia 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(4):1348-1364
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The problem of food waste is broadly discussed, but empirical data are still missing. The importance of this topic increases as the reporting of... 相似文献
110.
Biljana Blaževska Stoilkovska Valentina Žileska Pančovska Goran Mijoski 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(4):440-447
This study examines the degree to which construction sector employees perceive that safety is important in their organizations/sites and how job satisfaction affects these perceptions when age is introduced as a moderator variable. Two-way analysis of variance demonstrated that job satisfaction has a strong effect on perceived management commitment to work safety and that this relationship was moderated by respondents’ age. Job satisfaction was associated with perceived accident rate and safety inspection frequency, but the proposed role of age in this linkage was not confirmed. Consequently, the findings indicated that by increasing the level of job satisfaction, perceptions of these safety climate aspects proved to be more positive. The conclusion is that these relationships could further lead to a lower percentage of accidents and injuries in the workplace and better health among employees. A significant relationship between job satisfaction, age and perceived co-workers’ commitment to work safety was not found. 相似文献