全文获取类型
收费全文 | 90篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 2篇 |
废物处理 | 4篇 |
环保管理 | 9篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
基础理论 | 13篇 |
污染及防治 | 45篇 |
评价与监测 | 9篇 |
社会与环境 | 4篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 11篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 7篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 3篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有91条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Elizabeth A. Daly Cassandra E. Benkwitt Richard D. Brodeur Marisa N. C. Litz Louise A. Copeman 《Marine Biology》2010,157(9):1975-1987
Juvenile salmon exhibit high growth rates upon their arrival into the marine environment. Dietary changes from freshwater
and estuarine habitats to those derived from the marine environment may play an important role in ultimate adult survival.
We measured the total lipid and fatty acid (FA) composition of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and 18 of their potential prey items sampled from coastal waters during their first few months at sea. Coho salmon had
significant reductions in their lipid content (% wet weight) between May and June, likely due to early marine growth. We did
not find a significant drop between May and June Chinook salmon lipid content, which may indicate an earlier ontogenetic selection
to marine prey that are higher in lipids and essential fatty acids (EFAs). Juvenile salmon ate prey of both high and low lipids.
Significant FA compositional changes occurred for both coho and Chinook salmon between May and June. In May, the FA profile
of juvenile salmon, especially coho salmon, did not resemble their prey items; however, in June, there was a strong correlation
between salmon and their common fish prey as determined by gut content analysis. Significant increases in the level of EFAs,
especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) accounted for the majority of the monthly differences in salmon tissue FA composition.
In order for juvenile salmon to adequately meet their physiological requirements, they may have adapted to select advantageous
prey with higher levels of EFAs, especially DHA, in order to rapidly increase their growth and ultimate survival. 相似文献
52.
53.
Diane M. Perry Roberto Sanchez William H. Glaze Marisa Mazari 《Environmental management》1990,14(4):441-450
Foreign-owned industry in the form of assembly plants, termed maquiladora, has become very important in Mexico to the extent
that it represents the second largest source of foreign exchange and is a valuable source for employment and regional development.
The economic prosperity gained from the rapid growth of the maquiladora industry has been accompanied by increased environmental
and human health risks associated with generation of hazardous waste. Diversification of industry has resulted in the predomination
of those sectors that likely use hazardous substances. The Mexicali-Calexico border region was selected to demonstrate the
potential for environmental and health risks associated with the generation of hazardous waste. Estimates for the generation
of hazardous waste were obtained from 34 maquiladora plants in Mexicali, represented by the electronic and electrical equipment
and parts, mechanical and transportation equipment, and toys and sporting equipment sectors. Repeated detection of volatile
organic compounds in the New River at the US-Mexico border suggests that hazardous waste from the printed circuit board industry
in Mexicali is not being disposed of in a proper manner. Potential adverse health effects, such as carcinogenic and mutagenic
responses associated with the detected volatiles, are discussed. US and Mexico national legislation and the Binational Environmental
Agreement were examined for their adequacy to ensure proper management of hazardous waste generated by the maquiladora industry.
Environmental policy options are presented that focus on: (1) increased environmental accountability of US parent companies
for their maquiladora assembly plants in Mexico; and (2) more integration between US Customs and border states with the US
Environmental Protection Agency to improve the binational management of hazardous waste generated by the maquiladora industry. 相似文献
54.
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment for Organic Compounds: Fuzzy Multicriteria Approach for Mexico City 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mazari-Hiriart M Cruz-Bello G Bojórquez-Tapia LA Juárez-Marusich L Alcantar-López G Marín LE Soto-Galera E 《Environmental management》2006,37(3):410-421
This study was based on a groundwater vulnerability assessment approach implemented for the Mexico City Metropolitan Area
(MCMA). The approach is based on a fuzzy multicriteria procedure integrated in a geographic information system. The approach
combined the potential contaminant sources with the permeability of geological materials. Initially, contaminant sources were
ranked by experts through the Analytic Hierarchy Process. An aggregated contaminant sources map layer was obtained through
the simple additive weighting method, using a scalar multiplication of criteria weights and binary maps showing the location
of each source. A permeability map layer was obtained through the reclassification of a geology map using the respective hydraulic
conductivity values, followed by a linear normalization of these values against a compatible scale. A fuzzy logic procedure
was then applied to transform and combine the two map layers, resulting in a groundwater vulnerability map layer of five classes:
very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. Results provided a more coherent assessment of the policy-making priorities
considered when discussing the vulnerability of groundwater to organic compounds. The very high and high vulnerability areas
covered a relatively small area (71 km2 or 1.5% of the total study area), allowing the identification of the more critical locations. The advantage of a fuzzy logic
procedure is that it enables the best possible use to be made of the information available regarding groundwater vulnerability
in the MCMA. 相似文献
55.
Ferreira ML Nobre Esposito JB de Souza SR Domingos M 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(7):1959-1967
This study aimed to analyze critically the potential of Ipomoea nil'Scarlet O'Hara' for O(3) biomonitoring in the sub-tropics. Four field experiments (one in each season of 2006) were carried out in a location of the city of S?o Paulo mainly polluted by O(3). Each experiment started with 50 plants, and lasted 28 days. Sub-lots of five plants were taken at intervals between three or four days long. Groups of four plants were also exposed in closed chambers to filtered air or to 40, 50 or 80 ppb of O(3) for three consecutive hours a day for six days. The percentage of leaf injury (interveinal chloroses and necroses), the concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD) were determined in the 5th, 6th and 7th oldest leaves on the main stem of the plants taken in all experiments. Visible injury occurred in the plants from all experiments. Seasonality in the antioxidant responses observed in plants grown under field conditions was associated with meteorological variables and ozone concentrations five days before leaf analyses. The highest levels of antioxidants occurred during the spring. The percentage of leaf injury was explained (R(2) = 0.97, p < 0.01) by the reduction in the levels of AA and activity of POD five days before the leaf analyses and by the reduction in the levels of particulate matter, and enhancement of temperature and global radiation 10 days before this same day. Although I. nil may be employed for qualitative O(3) biomonitoring, its efficiency for quantitative biomonitoring in the sub-tropics may be compromised, depending on how intense the oxidative power of the environment is. 相似文献
56.
The current study investigated oxidative stress parameters (enzymes activities, metallothionein content and lipid peroxidation) in freshwater fish, Oreochromis niloticus, tilapia exposure to Monjolinho River (in 4 months of year: January, April, July and November). One critical site in Monjolinho River (site B) was assessed in comparison to a reference site (site A). Water pH and oxygen concentration was lower than that recommended by CONAMA (Brazilian National Environmental Committee), resolution 357/2005 for protection of aquatic communities, and ammonium and the metals Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe (on all months) concentrations were higher than the maximum concentration recommended. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly decreased in liver and muscle in tilapia from Monjolinho River, throughout the year, in relation to reference except in gills that SOD activity increased. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was significantly increased in liver of the tilapia from Monjolinho River in all sites, in relation to reference except in gills that GST activity increased in July and decreased in November, suggesting that GST activity could be induced to neutralize the pollutants toxicity. On the other hand, GST activity was significantly decreased in white muscle indicating a toxic effect of pollutants, resulting in a decreased ability of tilapia to perform defense reactions associated to GSTs. The decrease of catalase (CAT) activity in gills of the O. niloticus together with the increase of SOD activity, could explain the increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in this organ. Metallothionein levels in liver and gills were significantly high in all sites. Results indicate that the exposure to metals caused severe damage to tissues; despite the consensually assumed antioxidant induction as a sign of exposure to contaminants the effects seem in part to be mediated by suppression of antioxidant system with SOD, CAT and GPx as potential candidates for tissues toxicity biomarkers of pollutants. 相似文献
57.
Ana Isabel Barrado Susana García Marisa Luisa Sevillano Jose Antonio Rodríguez Enrique Barrado 《Chemosphere》2013
Thirteen PAHs, five nitro-PAHs and two hydroxy-PAHs were determined in 55 vapor-phase samples collected in a suburban area of a large city (Madrid, Spain), from January 2008 to February 2009. The data obtained revealed correlations between the concentrations of these compounds and a series of meteorological factors (e.g., temperature, atmospheric pressure) and physical–chemical factors (e.g., nitrogen and sulfur oxides). As a consequence, seasonal trends were observed in the atmospheric pollutants. A “mean sample” for the 14-month period would contain a total PAH concentration of 13 835 ± 1625 pg m−3 and 122 ± 17 pg m−3 of nitro-PAHs. When the data were stratified by season, it emerged that a representative sample of the coldest months would contain 18 900 ± 2140 pg m−3 of PAHs and 150 ± 97 pg m−3 of nitro-PAHs, while in an average sample collected in the warmest months, these values drop to 9293 ± 1178 pg m−3 for the PAHs and to 97 ± 13 pg m−3 for the nitro-PAHs. Total vapor phase concentrations of PAHs were one order of magnitude higher than concentrations detected in atmospheric aerosol samples collected on the same dates. Total nitro-PAH concentrations were comparable to their aerosol concentrations whereas vapor phase OH-PAHs were below their limits of the detection, indicating these were trapped in airborne particles. 相似文献
58.
We describe the use of highly reactive Fe(0)/Fe3O4 composites for the reduction of Cr(VI) species in aqueous medium. The composites were prepared by simple mechanical alloying of metallic iron and magnetite in different proportions, i.e. Fe(0) 25, 50, 75 and 90wt%. While after 3h of reaction pure Fe(0) and pure Fe3O4 showed only a low reduction efficiency of 15% and 25% Cr(VI) conversion, respectively, the composites, in particular Fe(0)(25wt%)/Fe3O4, showed a remarkable activity with ca. 65% Cr(VI) conversion. Kinetic experiments showed a high reaction rate during the first 3h, which subsequently decreased strongly, probably due to a pH increase from 6 to 8. Experiments with composites based on Fe(0)/alpha-Fe2O3, Fe(0)/gamma-Fe2O3 and Fe(0)/FeOOH showed very low activities, suggesting that Fe(oct)2+ in the magnetite structure plays an important role in the reaction. Scanning and high resolution electron microscopies and M?ssbauer spectra (transmission and conversion electron M?ssbauer spectroscopy) indicated that the mechanical alloying process promotes a strong interaction and interface between the metallic and oxide phases, with the Fe(0) particles completely covered by Fe3O4 particles. The high efficiency of the composite Fe(0)/Fe3O4 for Cr(VI) reduction is discussed in terms of a special mechanism where an electron is transferred from Fe(0) to magnetite to reduce Fe(oct)3+ to Fe(oct)2+, which is active for Cr(VI) reduction. 相似文献
59.
Use of the physiologically-based extraction test to assess the oral bioaccessibility of metals in vegetable plants grown in contaminated soil 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The oral bioaccessibility of metals in vegetable plants grown on contaminated soil was assessed. This was done using the physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) to simulate the human digestion of plant material. A range of vegetable plants, i.e. carrot, lettuce, radish and spinach, were grown on metal contaminated soil. After reaching maturity the plants were harvested and analysed for their total metal content (i.e. Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The plant samples were then subsequently extracted using an in vitro gastrointestinal approach or PBET to assess the likelihood of oral bioaccessibility if the material was consumed by humans. 相似文献
60.
Rosa Grau Isabel M. Martínez Sonia Agut Marisa Salanova 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):23-35
This paper studies safety attitudes, their relationship with safety training behaviour, and generalised self-efficacy. From a sociotechnical perspective, training programs might be used as a mechanism for enhancing attitudes, especially to improve safety and occupational health. Also, self-efficacy allows to enhance training effectiveness. The aim of this paper is to validate a safety attitude scale and to examine its relationship to safety training behaviour and self-efficacy in organisational settings. With data from 140 employees, results show a conceptually meaningful 3-factor solution. Hier-archical multiple regression analysis shows a main effect of safety training behaviour and levels of self-efficacy on safety attitude. Study limitations and its implications on safety training design are also discussed. 相似文献