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371.
通过对宝钢厂区4种不同污染程度区内,不同林分和不同树种下土壤0~20cm、20~40cm基本理化性质和有机碳含量的测定,分析城市工业环境下林地土壤有机碳含量的特征,以实现合理的绿化布局,提高绿地减碳效益。结果表明:工业区林地土壤有机碳具有"表聚作用";清洁区内落叶阔叶林土壤有机碳含量高,建议多种柳树;轻度污染区内针阔混交林含量高,针阔混交后土壤有机碳含量明显高于针叶林和常绿阔叶林,建议多种雪松+广玉兰和雪松+香樟;中度污染区和严重污染区内常绿阔叶林有机碳含量高,建议分别多种蚊母和女贞,同时严重污染区应丰富植被类型。 相似文献
372.
Vesna K. Spasojević Brkić Zorica A. Veljković Tamara Golubović Aleksandar Dj. Brkić Ivana Kosić Šotić 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2016,22(2):228-240
Procedures in the development process of crane cabins are arbitrary and subjective. Since approximately 42% of incidents in the construction industry are linked to them, there is a need to collect fresh anthropometric data and provide additional recommendations for design. In this paper, dimensioning of the crane cabin interior space was carried out using a sample of 64 crane operators’ anthropometric measurements, in the Republic of Serbia, by measuring workspace with 10 parameters using nine measured anthropometric data from each crane operator. This paper applies experiments run via full factorial designs using a combined traditional and Taguchi approach. The experiments indicated which design parameters are influenced by which anthropometric measurements and to what degree. The results are expected to be of use for crane cabin designers and should assist them to design a cabin that may lead to less strenuous sitting postures and fatigue for operators, thus improving safety and accident prevention. 相似文献
373.
Miloloža Martina Cvetnić Matija Kučić Grgić Dajana Ocelić Bulatović Vesna Ukić Šime Rogošić Marko Dionysiou Dionysios Dion Kušić Hrvoje Bolanča Tomislav 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(2):1377-1402
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Research on plastic pollution has recently evidenced the ubiquitous presence of tiny plastic particles called microplastics. Microplastics alter organisms because... 相似文献
374.
Zunić ZS Kobal I Vaupotic J Kozak K Mazur J Birovljev A Janik M Celiković I Ujić P Demajo A Krstić G Jakupi B Quarto M Bochicchio F 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2006,89(3):249-260
The measurement campaigns have been done in the rural community of Niska Banja, a spa town located in southern Serbia, to evaluate population exposure to natural radioactivity. After a screening survey in 200 houses, annual radon and thoron concentrations were measured in 34 houses, and in 2004 a detailed investigation was carried out at six houses with elevated indoor radon concentrations. The paper presents the results of these detailed measurements. The complementary techniques were applied to determine radon and thoron concentrations in indoor air, in soil gas, radon exhalation from soil, soil permeability, and indoor and outdoor gamma doses. Soil and water samples were collected and analysed in the laboratory. Indoor radon and thoron concentrations were found to be more than 1kBqm(-3) and 200Bqm(-3), respectively. Extremely high concentrations of soil-gas radon (>2000kBqm(-3)) and radon exhalation rates (1.5mBqm(-2)s(-1)) were observed. These results will be utilised to set up the methodology for a more systematic investigation. 相似文献
375.
Vdović N Billon G Gabelle C Potdevin JL 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,141(2):359-369
The anthropogenic impact on the environment in the last century has proven to be very negative due to the fast development of industry. A typical example is the De?le River in northern France, one of the most polluted sites in this region. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in river sediments are 300, 800, 50 and 15 times higher, respectively, than the background values. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the capacity of already polluted sediments to capture metals released from industrial wastes (slag). As it were, in spite of the high metal pollution level, sediments have still shown the ability to adsorb metals released from slag under the conditions provided. Their efficiency in "cleaning up" some of the metals (e.g. Pb) seems to be additionally enhanced in anoxic conditions. This study provided some additional information on the importance of sediments as a pollutant sink. 相似文献
376.
Stambuk-Giljanović N 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,123(1-3):13-30
The objective of the investigations of the Jadro River, located in Croatia, was to estimate the nitrogen and phosphorus loads in the Jadro River spring and its streamflow by calculating the load in kg/day or tons/year and to compare this with the load for the maximum allowed concentrations (MAC) for drinking water (Official Bulletin, No 46/94) expressed in kg/day or tons/year.Daily pollution loads at the Jadro River spring for total N ranged from 0 to 304 kg, for NH3-N from 0 to 38 kg, for NO3-N from 0–1321 kg and for PO4-P from 0–92 kg in the period from September 1993 to September 2003. When compared with MAC loads the results prove that the Jadro River spring is not polluted by nitrogen compounds and phosphorus.The average annual load for total N ranged from 10 to 33 t, for NH3-N from 0.25 to 5.15 t, for NO3-N from 40 to 190 t, and for PO4-P from 0.3 to 11.5 t. The nitrogen compounds and phosphorus loads vary from one year to another without any constant decreasing or increasing trends. The annual average loads compared with the average annual MAC loads (especially for NH3-N and PO4-P) show that there were no threats of constant pollution of the spring.The loads for total N and PO4-P along the Jadro River flow from the spring to the fishpond entrance were monitored over a five year period from September 1999 to September 2004. The results show no regularities. The highest annual total nitrogen load of 45 t was recorded at the entrance to the fishpond during the 2002/2003 period. The highest annual PO4-P load of 10 t was measured at the Vidović Bridge during the 2003/2004 period; however, the concentrations of N and P did not exceed the MAC concentrations which are prescribed for drinking water.According to the investigation results of the daily and average annual loads compared with MAC loads for drinking water, it can be concluded that the Jadro River spring and its streamflow are not polluted by nitrogen and phosphorus. 相似文献
377.
In the combustion process of municipal solid waste (MSW), bottom ash (BA) represents the major portion of the solid residue. Since BA is composed of oxides, especially SiO(2) and CaO, the feasibility of its application in concrete as a substitute for cement was tested. It was found that at the age of 28 days, the flexural and compressive strengths of the binder linearly decrease at the rate of 0.03 and 0.02 MPa per wt% of BA in the binder, respectively. According to the results it may be recommended to replace up to 15 wt% of cement by BA and to use such binder where a low strength of concrete elements is required. Furthermore, the aggregate used for low strength concrete need not be of a very good quality. Therefore, gravel aggregate was partially replaced by recycled aggregate (RA). Consistency measured by slump was significantly reduced (>50%) when BA or/and RA were introduced into the mixture. However, concrete density and compressive strength were not affected and were approximately 2300 kg/m(3) and approximately 40 MPa, respectively. 相似文献
378.
Monika Tomkiel Małgorzata Baćmaga Agata Borowik Jan Kucharski 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(2):97-107
Herbicides pose a significant threat to the natural environment, in particular in soils that are most exposed to plant protection agents. Prolonged herbicide use leads to changes in soil metabolism and decreases soil productive potential. In this study, the influence of carfentrazone-ethyl (CE) on the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil and the yield of Triticum aestivum L. was evaluated. Carfentrazone-ethyl was applied to sandy loam (pHKCl – 7.0) in doses of 0.000, 0.264, 5.280, 10.56, 21.18, 42.24, 84.48 and 168.96 µg kg?1 DM soil. Soil samples were subjected to microbiological and biochemical analyses on experimental days 30 and 60. Carfentrazone-ethyl disrupted the biological equilibrium in soil by decreasing the abundance and biodiversity of soil-dwelling microorganisms, the activity of soil enzymes, the values of the biochemical activity indicator and spring wheat yields. Carfentrazone-ethyl had the most adverse effects when applied in doses many fold higher than those recommended by the manufacturer. The toxic effects of CE were also determined by its soil retention time. Soil treated with CE was characterized by higher counts of oligotrophic bacteria, organotrophic bacteria, bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, actinomycetes and fungi on day 60, and spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria on day 30. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase was higher on day 30 than on day 60. 相似文献
379.
Jelena Đuričić-Milanković Ivan Anđelković Ana Pantelić Srđan Petrović Andrea Gambaro Dragana Đorđević 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(10):615
We have measured trace element contents in suburban aerosols from six size fractions in the range of PM0.27–16 from a background station in Belgrade (Serbia). The distribution and concentration of elements were determined within each of the investigated Dp fractions with emphasis on the fine and coarse modes. Fine/coarse mode ratios of element can provide information regarding their anthropogenic or natural origin. Analysis of seasonal variations of element contents in fine and coarse mode show that Cd, Co, K, and V have higher concentrations in the fine mode during heating season, while Fe contents are lower. In the coarse mode, Cu and V have higher concentrations during the heating season, while Al, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Sb contents are lower. We also apply a distribution probability model (normal, log-normal, and three-parameter Weibull) as new approach to estimate the distances of emission sources that can contribute to pollutant contents in particulate matter of the investigated location. 相似文献
380.
Veljko Perović Darko Jakšić Darko Jaramaz Nikola Koković Dragan Čakmak Miroslava Mitrović Pavle Pavlović 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(11):675
In this paper, various spatial modelling techniques were applied to analyse changes in soil cover and their impact on soil erosion in the Oplenac wine-producing area in Serbia in the past (1985 and 2013) and in the future (with predictions for 2041). The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs Sediment Delivery Ratio (InVEST SDR) model and the Modules for Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) model, integrated with methods of remote sensing, were successfully applied and were shown to be valid tools for predicting the impact of Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes when estimating soil loss. The results revealed that the greatest impact of land use changes between 1985 and 2013 was on a reduction in areas under vineyards and an extension of meadow and pasturelands as an individual and social response to economic conditions during the research period. The forecast for 2041 reflected the trends observed in the previous period, with the greatest changes witnessing an increase in urban areas and a decrease in areas of arable land. It was also found that the effect of LULC changes on spatio-temporal patterns in the Oplenac wine-producing area did not have a major impact on soil loss, meaning this area, with its good agro-climatic characteristics, is suitable for the intensification of agricultural production. 相似文献