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121.
格林威治湾是纳拉甘西特湾一处受到多种影响因子作用的城市化形成港湾。本研究鉴定了对于格林威治湾底栖动物的重要影响因素。首先利用现存数据与信息来验证水体受损情况。其次确定了影响来源,影响因素和具体影响的存在。继而探究了来源,影响因素和具体影响之间的关系。这使我们能够鉴定出最可能危害水体的影响因素。本研究评估了化学制品、营养物质和悬浮沉积物3类污染物。这种证据权重的方法表明格林威治湾主要受到富营养化相关的影响因素危害。格林威治湾的沉积物富含碳,低溶解氧浓度的情况十分常见,尤其在格林威治湾西部。底栖生物群落出现发育不良的情况,与在氧气不足情况下的预测结果吻合。尽管我们的分析表明环境中的污染物浓度可能导致有害结果的出现,我们并未在结果中检出毒性。这是由于沉积物中存在大量的有机物,这些有机物限制了污染物的生物可利用性。我们的分析还表明悬浮沉积物的影响对于湾区的大部分区域而言几乎不存在。本分析展示了诊断法步骤可以用于组织和评估影响格林威治湾生态健康的潜在影响因素。诊断法步骤对于管理受到多重因素影响的水体非常有用。
精选自Marguerite Pelletier, Kay Ho, Mark Cantwell, Monique Perron, Kenneth Rocha, Robert M. Burgess, Roxanne Johnson, Kenneth Perez, John Cardin, Michael A. Charpentier. Diagnosis of potential stressors adversely affecting benthic invertebrate communities in Greenwich Bay, Rhode Island, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Volume 36, Issue 2, pages 449–462, July 2017.
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3562
详情请见http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/etc.3562/full 相似文献
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Sarah Yerian Monique Hennink Leslie E. Greene Daniel Kiptugen Jared Buri Matthew C. Freeman 《Environmental management》2014,54(6):1320-1330
We employed qualitative methods to explore how conflict over water collection and use impacts women, and the role that women play in water management and conflict resolution in Marsabit, Kenya. Conflicts between domestic and livestock water led to insufficient water for domestic use and intra-household conflict. Women’s contributions to water management were valued, especially through informal initiatives, though involvement in statutory water management committees was not culturally appropriate. Promoting culturally appropriate ways to involve women in water management, rather than merely increasing the percentage of women on water committee, may reduce conflicts and increase women’s access to domestic water supplies. 相似文献
126.
Segura PA García-Ac A Lajeunesse A Ghosh D Gagnon C Sauvé S 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2007,9(4):307-313
A rugged and specific method based on tandem solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of anti-infectives in raw sewage and wastewater plant effluents was developed. Analyte recoveries from spiked effluents ranged from 68 to 104%. Two specific selected reaction monitoring transitions and their peak area ratios were used to avoid false positives and confirm the presence of the targeted substances. Detection limits allowed low nanogram per litre detection (0.3-22 ng L(-1)). The method was successfully applied to real samples from the Montréal wastewater treatment plant. All the studied anti-infectives were found in the wastewater samples in concentrations ranging from 39 to 276 ng L(-1). Mean flows of anti-infectives were estimated from effluent concentrations and it was found that large amounts (>118 g day(-1) up to 830 g day(-1)) are discharged in the receiving waters of the St Lawrence River. 相似文献
127.
Monique Liesenjohann Thilo Liesenjohann Lenka Trebaticka Marko Haapakoski Janne Sundell Hannu Ylönen Jana A. Eccard 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(11):2079-2089
Indirect exploitative competition, direct interference and predation are important interactions affecting species coexistence.
These interaction types may overlap and vary with the season and life-history state of individuals. We studied effects of
competition and potential nest predation by common shrews (Sorex araneus) on lactating bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in two seasons. The species coexist and may interact aggressively. Additionally, shrews can prey on nestling voles. We studied
bank vole mothers’ spatial and temporal adaptations to shrew presence during summer and autumn. Further, we focused on fitness
costs, e.g. decreased offspring survival, which bank voles may experience in the presence of shrews. In summer, interference
with shrews decreased the voles’ home ranges and they spent more time outside the nest, but there were no effects on offspring
survival. In autumn, we found decreased offspring survival in enclosures with shrews, potentially due to nest predation by
shrews or by increased competition between species. Our results indicate a shift between interaction types depending on seasonal
constraints. In summer, voles and shrews seem to interact mainly by interference, whereas resource competition and/or nest
predation by shrews gain importance in autumn. Different food availability, changing environmental conditions and the energetic
constraints in voles and shrews later in the year may be the reasons for the varying combinations of interaction types and
their increasing effects on the inclusive fitness of bank voles. Our study provides evidence for the need of studies combining
life history with behavioural measurements and seasonal constraints. 相似文献
128.
Monique Lortie 《Safety Science》2012,50(9):1792-1800
The aim of the study was to analyze the narratives in accident files to document the circumstances of accidents in a beverage delivery company, in particular, in regard with the activities performed at the time of the accident and the deviations reported. A second aim was to understand the impact of the transformations introduced by the company on accident patterns. Narrative material from 546 files covering a 7-year period was analyzed. Special attention was given to collecting information on the activities conducted at the time of the accident, including location, foot support base, operation, and material involved. The analysis allowed specifying elements that have good potential for improving handling situations and decreasing accident risks. Three categories of deviation were analyzed: situations reported as particular or difficult, unforeseen events, and dysfunction reported in the activity itself. Results show that several external factors play an important role in the occurrence of accidents. Most of these factors are beyond risk analysis of handling situations. The impact of the transformations on the number, seriousness, and causes of accidents was dramatic. Analysis shows that current investigative risk tools are insufficient in helping management predict how decisions will affect safety. The discussion situates the results within the various theories of musculoskeletal mechanisms of injury. 相似文献
129.
Kiley Daley Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen Rob C. Jamieson Jenny L. Hayward Greg S. Piorkowski Wendy Krkosek Graham A. Gagnon Heather Castleden Kristen MacNeil Joanna Poltarowicz Emmalina Corriveau Amy Jackson Justine Lywood Yannan Huang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(33):32926-32937
Drinking water in the vast Arctic Canadian territory of Nunavut is sourced from surface water lakes or rivers and transferred to man-made or natural reservoirs. The raw water is at a minimum treated by chlorination and distributed to customers either by trucks delivering to a water storage tank inside buildings or through a piped distribution system. The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical and microbial drinking water quality from source to tap in three hamlets (Coral Harbour, Pond Inlet and Pangnirtung—each has a population of <2000) on trucked service, and in Iqaluit (population ~6700), which uses a combination of trucked and piped water conveyance. Generally, the source and drinking water was of satisfactory microbial quality, containing Escherichia coli levels of <1 MPN/100 mL with a few exceptions, and selected pathogenic bacteria and parasites were below detection limits using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods. Tap water in households receiving trucked water contained less than the recommended 0.2 mg/L of free chlorine, while piped drinking water in Iqaluit complied with Health Canada guidelines for residual chlorine (i.e. >0.2 mg/L free chlorine). Some buildings in the four communities contained manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and/or lead (Pb) concentrations above Health Canada guideline values for the aesthetic (Mn, Cu and Fe) and health (Pb) objectives. Corrosion of components of the drinking water distribution system (household storage tanks, premise plumbing) could be contributing to Pb, Cu and Fe levels, as the source water in three of the four communities had low alkalinity. The results point to the need for robust disinfection, which may include secondary disinfection or point-of-use disinfection, to prevent microbial risks in drinking water tanks in buildings and ultimately at the tap. 相似文献
130.
Bo B. Bet Maartje C. Snoep Elisabeth van Leeuwen Ingeborg H. Linskens Monique C. Haak Lieke Rozendaal Ingmar Knobbe Joost van Schuppen Carlijn E. L. Hoekstra David R. Koolbergen Sally-Ann Clur Eva Pajkrt 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(5):629-638