全文获取类型
收费全文 | 20057篇 |
免费 | 204篇 |
国内免费 | 152篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 488篇 |
废物处理 | 873篇 |
环保管理 | 2516篇 |
综合类 | 3179篇 |
基础理论 | 5224篇 |
环境理论 | 8篇 |
污染及防治 | 5592篇 |
评价与监测 | 1352篇 |
社会与环境 | 1070篇 |
灾害及防治 | 111篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 234篇 |
2021年 | 237篇 |
2020年 | 148篇 |
2019年 | 192篇 |
2018年 | 364篇 |
2017年 | 318篇 |
2016年 | 544篇 |
2015年 | 338篇 |
2014年 | 568篇 |
2013年 | 1627篇 |
2012年 | 665篇 |
2011年 | 862篇 |
2010年 | 707篇 |
2009年 | 649篇 |
2008年 | 899篇 |
2007年 | 903篇 |
2006年 | 846篇 |
2005年 | 639篇 |
2004年 | 696篇 |
2003年 | 622篇 |
2002年 | 568篇 |
2001年 | 756篇 |
2000年 | 513篇 |
1999年 | 314篇 |
1998年 | 253篇 |
1997年 | 229篇 |
1996年 | 241篇 |
1995年 | 268篇 |
1994年 | 287篇 |
1993年 | 230篇 |
1992年 | 250篇 |
1991年 | 228篇 |
1990年 | 265篇 |
1989年 | 247篇 |
1988年 | 197篇 |
1987年 | 178篇 |
1986年 | 161篇 |
1985年 | 174篇 |
1984年 | 192篇 |
1983年 | 182篇 |
1982年 | 190篇 |
1981年 | 179篇 |
1980年 | 138篇 |
1979年 | 156篇 |
1978年 | 131篇 |
1977年 | 118篇 |
1975年 | 122篇 |
1974年 | 116篇 |
1973年 | 110篇 |
1972年 | 133篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 117 毫秒
821.
M. A. Solov’eva D. M. Glazov D. M. Kuznetsova V. V. Rozhnov 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2016,47(4):405-411
For the first time, satellite tagging of spotted seals (Phoca largha) has been performed in three regions of the Sea of Okhotsk: Chkalov Island in Sakhalin Bay, Ptichy Island, and the Bolshaya River mouth on the western coast of Kamchatka. As a result, regions inhabited by the seals in different periods of their life cycle and differences in the pattern of water area use by animals from different regions have been revealed. The seals from the western Kamchatka coast have covered greater distances during the observation period, compared to the animals from Sakhalin Bay. In the reproductive period, the seals from the western coast spread over the entire northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, whereas the animals from the Sakhalin Bay move only to the Tatar Strait, the Sea of Japan. None of tagged seals has been located in the “reproductive center” at the eastern coast of Sakhalin. The seals tagged in different regions of the Sea of Okhotsk have never been located in the same place during the entire annual cycle, suggesting that the sea is inhabited by two reproductively isolated groups of ringed seals. 相似文献
822.
D. M. Bezmaternykh 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2016,47(5):480-485
Communities of benthic macroinvertebrates in drainless Lake Chany, the largest lake in Western Siberia, have been analyzed to estimate the effects of basic abiotic ecological factors (hydrophysical and hydrochemical parameters of water and the type of bottom ground) on their composition, structure, and dynamics. It has been shown that the level of development of these communities depends mainly on the water regime of the lake and also on the type of bottom ground, lake depth, and water mineral content. 相似文献
823.
Nematode communities in the rooted soil layer under the crowns of introduced tree species on Valaam Island (Republic of Karelia) have been studied by conventional nematological methods to evaluate their taxonomic diversity, population density, and eco-trophic structure. On the whole, 49 nematode genera have been recorded, with their total abundance varying from 1209 to 2548 ind./100 g soil. The abundance and proportion of plant parasites in the soil nematode assemblage have proved to be higher under introduced trees, compared to natural forest biocenoses. 相似文献
824.
Aleksi Räsänen Sirkku Juhola Anja Nygren Mira Käkönen Maarit Kallio Adrián Monge Monge Markku Kanninen 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(8):2291-2302
We systematically reviewed current climate change literature in order to examine how multiple processes that affect human vulnerability have been studied. Of the 125 reviewed articles, 79 % were published after 2009. There are numerous concepts that point out to stressors other than climate change that were used in reviewed studies. These different concepts were used interchangeably, and they illustrate processes that act on different scales. Most widely used concepts included non-climatic (40 % of the articles), multiple stressors (38 %) and other factors (37 %). About 75 % of the studies either acknowledged or carefully analyzed the social and environmental context in which vulnerability is experienced. One-third of the studies recognized climate change-related stressors as the most important, one-third argued that stressors other than climate are more important, and the rest of the studies did not analyze the relative importance of the different processes. Interactions between different stressors were mentioned in 76 % and analyzed explicitly in 28 % of the articles. Our review shows that there are studies that analyze the social context of vulnerability within climate change-related literature and this literature is rapidly expanding. Reviewed studies point out that there are multiple interacting stressors, whose interlinkages need to be carefully analyzed and targeted by policies, which integrate adaptation to climate change and other stressors. In conclusion, we suggest that future studies should include analytical frameworks that reflect dissimilarities between different types of stressors, methodological triangulation to identify key stressors and analysis of interactions between multiple stressors across different scales. 相似文献
825.
Anna Rolewicz-Kalińska Anna Oniszk-Popławska Judyta Wesołowska Elżbieta D. Ryńska 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2016,18(5):1279-1296
This article outlines problems related to the location of facilities designed to treat the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Anaerobic digestion (AD) facilities are investigated as a treatment option, while taking into account the aspects of renewable energy generation. This research has been spurred on by the relationship between waste management, energy generation issues and spatial planning procedures. The analysis is focused on urban and semi-urban areas of medium and large cities. One of the most difficult issues associated with siting of waste processing plants is its integration with local infrastructures, avoiding conflicts and negative environmental impacts at the same time. This research aims to analyse possible locations for AD plants fuelled by OFMSW in Poland. Based on the experience gained from other countries and lessons learnt from the analysis of existing facilities in Europe, conditions for the location of this type of waste treatment plants have been defined, with the focus on economic, environmental and social issues. Most likely, the results of the multicriteria decision analysis for siting of municipal solid waste AD plants (M-BIST tool) could be transferred to other countries, especially those with a comparable GDP level and a similar framework for a waste management system. 相似文献
826.
Ian M. Picketts Jean Andrey Lindsay Matthews Stephen J. Déry Susan Tighe 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(4):1109-1120
Transport infrastructure is particularly vulnerable to climate impacts as it is designed for long operational lives, and both episodic and seasonal conditions contribute to deterioration, disruption and unsafe incidents. There are some examples of adaptation in transportation design, but many communities do not have the capacity to incorporate climate change considerations into infrastructure planning and management. Researchers worked closely with the City of Prince George, in Central British Columbia, Canada, to build on existing work and explore how the City could plan, design, and maintain roads and other structures to account for climate change. A local steering committee was formed, and created and evaluated 23 potential research topics. Two focus areas were selected for further investigation and explored during a workshop with practitioners, researchers, consultants and other representatives. The workshop precipitated an investigation of projected impacts of climate change on road maintenance and road safety, and plans to explore alternative paving techniques. Outcomes of the case study provide insights regarding climate change and local transportation infrastructure, including: how researchers can engage with local experts to explore adaptation; issues local governments perceive as important; and barriers communities face as they attempt to address vulnerabilities. 相似文献
827.
Robin Warner Mary Kaidonis Olivia Dun Kerrylee Rogers Yubing Shi Thang T. X. Nguyen Colin D. Woodroffe 《Sustainability Science》2016,11(4):661-677
Increasing value is attributed to mangroves due to their considerable capacity to sequester carbon, known as ‘blue carbon’. Assessments of opportunities and challenges associated with estimating the significance of carbon sequestered by mangroves need to consider a range of disciplinary perspectives, including the bio-physical science mangroves, social and economic issues of land use, local and international law, and the role of public and private finance. We undertook an interdisciplinary review based on available literature and fieldwork focused on parts of the Mekong River Delta (MRD). Preliminary estimates indicate mangrove biomass may be 70–150 t ha?1, but considerably larger storage of carbon occurs in sediments beneath mangroves. These natural stores of carbon are compromised when mangroves are removed to accommodate anthropogenic activities. Mangroves are an important resource in the MRD that supplies multiple goods and services, and conservation or re-establishment of mangroves provides many benefits. International law and within-country environmental frameworks offer increasing scope to recognize the role that mangrove forests play through carbon sequestration, in order that these might lead to funding opportunities, both in public and private sectors. Such schemes need to have positive rather than negative impacts on the livelihoods of the many people living within and adjacent to these wetlands. Nevertheless, many challenges remain and it will require further targeted and coordinated scientific research, development of economic and social incentives to protect and restore mangroves, supportive law and policy mechanisms at global and national levels, and establishment of long-term financing for such endeavours. 相似文献
828.
Kerns Becky K. Kim John B. Kline Jeffrey D. Day Michelle A. 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(7):2129-2140
Regional Environmental Change - We examined landscape exposure to wildfire potential, insects and disease risk, and urban and exurban development for the conterminous US (CONUS). Our analysis... 相似文献
829.
Sánchez-Arcilla Agustín Sierra Joan Pau Brown Sally Casas-Prat Mercè Nicholls Robert James Lionello Piero Conte Dario 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(8):2471-2484
Regional Environmental Change - The potential impact of climate change on port operations and infrastructures has received much less attention than the corresponding impact for beach systems.... 相似文献
830.
Thomas M. Lewinsohn José Luiz Attayde Carlos Roberto Fonseca Gislene Ganade Leonardo Ré Jorge Johannes Kollmann Gerhard E. Overbeck Paulo Inácio Prado Valério D. Pillar Daniela Popp Pedro L. B. da Rocha Wesley Rodrigues Silva Annette Spiekermann Wolfgang W. Weisser 《Ambio》2015,44(2):154-162
Ecological science contributes to solving a broad range of environmental problems. However, lack of ecological literacy in practice often limits application of this knowledge. In this paper, we highlight a critical but often overlooked demand on ecological literacy: to enable professionals of various careers to apply scientific knowledge when faced with environmental problems. Current university courses on ecology often fail to persuade students that ecological science provides important tools for environmental problem solving. We propose problem-based learning to improve the understanding of ecological science and its usefulness for real-world environmental issues that professionals in careers as diverse as engineering, public health, architecture, social sciences, or management will address. Courses should set clear learning objectives for cognitive skills they expect students to acquire. Thus, professionals in different fields will be enabled to improve environmental decision-making processes and to participate effectively in multidisciplinary work groups charged with tackling environmental issues. 相似文献