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181.
Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis Rizwan Hamid 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1997,33(1):163-176
ABSTRACT: Runoff depth and pollutant loading (Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD5], Total Suspended Solids [TSS], Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen [TKN] and lead [Pb]) computations of urban stormwater runoff from four small sites (i.e., 14.7–58.3 ac) in South Florida were performed using the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) hydrology method and empirical equations developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Each site had different predominant land uses (i.e., low density residential, high density residential, highway and commercial). Quantity and quality data from 95 storm events at these sites were measured by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and used for calibration of the methodology to derive appropriate input parameters. Calibrated input parameters were developed for each land use to test the applicability of the methodology in small sub-tropical urban watersheds, and to provide hydrologists with a way to select appropriate parameter values for planning studies. A total of 16 independent rainfall events were used for verification of the methodology. Comparisons of predicted versus measured data for both hydrographs and pollutant loadings were performed. 相似文献
182.
The environmental performance of hemp based natural fiber mat thermoplastic (NMT) has been evaluated in this study by quantifying carbon storage potential and CO2 emissions and comparing the results with commercially available glass fiber composites. Non-woven mats of hemp fiber and polypropylene matrix were used to make NMT samples by film-stacking method without using any binder aid. The results showed that hemp based NMT have compatible or even better strength properties as compared to conventional flax based thermoplastics. A value of 63 MPa for flexural strength is achieved at 64% fiber content by weight. Similarly, impact energy values (84–154 J/m) are also promising. The carbon sequestration and storage by hemp crop through photosynthesis is estimated by quantifying dry biomass of fibers based on one metric ton of NMT. A value of 325 kg carbon per metric ton of hemp based composite is estimated which can be stored by the product during its useful life. An extra 22% carbon storage can be achieved by increasing the compression ratio by 13% while maintaining same flexural strength. Further, net carbon sequestration by industrial hemp crop is estimated as 0.67 ton/h/year, which is compatible to all USA urban trees and very close to naturally, regenerated forests. A comparative life cycle analysis focused on non-renewable energy consumption of natural and glass fiber composites shows that a net saving of 50 000 MJ (3 ton CO2 emissions) per ton of thermoplastic can be achieved by replacing 30% glass fiber reinforcement with 65% hemp fiber. It is further estimated that 3.07 million ton CO2 emissions (4.3% of total USA industrial emissions) and 1.19 million m3 crude oil (1.0% of total Canadian oil consumption) can be saved by substituting 50% fiber glass plastics with natural fiber composites in North American auto applications. However, to compete with glass fiber effectively, further research is needed to improve natural fiber processing, interfacial bonding and control moisture sensitivity in longer run. 相似文献
183.
Hanyun Cheng Xu Dong Yang Yang Yiqing Feng Tao Wang Muhammad Ali Tahir Liwu Zhang Hongbo Fu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(2):11-17
Monolayer-ordered gold nanoring arrays were prepared by ion-sputtering method and used as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates to test the individual atmospheric aerosols particle. Compared to other methods used for testing atmospheric aerosols particles, the collection and subsequent detection in our work is performed directly on the gold nanoring SERS substrate without any treatment of the analyte. The SERS performance can be tuned by changing the depth of the gold nanoring cavity as originating from coupling of dipolar modes at the inner and outer surfaces of the nanorings. The electric field exhibits uniform enhancement and polarization in the ordered Au nanoring substrate, which can improve the accuracy for detecting atmospheric aerosol particles. Combined with Raman mapping, the information about chemical composition of individual atmospheric aerosols particle and distribution of specific components can be presented visually. The results show the potential of SERS in enabling improved analysis of aerosol particle chemical composition, mixing state, and other related physicochemical properties. 相似文献
184.
Busman Nur Azima Maie Nagamitsu Ishak Che Fauziah Sulaiman Muhammad Firdaus Melling Lulie 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(8):11646-11659
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Tropical peatland stores a large amount of carbon (C) and is an important C sink. In Malaysia, about 25% of the peatland area has been converted to oil... 相似文献
185.
Rehman Alam Ullah Irfan Afridi Fakhr-e-Alam Ullah Zain Zeeshan Muhammad Hussain Arif Rahman Haseeb Ur 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(9):13200-13220
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Banking industries are blamed to be among the major factors that affect global climate change both directly and indirectly. The green banking concept... 相似文献
186.
Ahsan Haseeb Ayub Mahnoor Irfan Hafiz Muhammad Saleem Muhammad Anjum Irfan Haider Ihtisham Asif Awais Abbas Syed Qamar ul Hulassan Syed Shams 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(6):14580-14591
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin re uptake inhibitor, is used to treat depression. The aim of present study was to evaluate fluvoxamine in acute... 相似文献
187.
Maftouh Abderrahim El Fatni Omkaltoume Bouzekri Siham Rajabi Fateme Sillanpää Mika Butt Muhammad Hammad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(2):2341-2354
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Due to disparities in the allocation of rainwater and drought, extreme exploitation of groundwater reservoirs has depleted water supplies in many... 相似文献
188.
Asghar Naveed Majeed Muhammad Tariq Khan Muhammad Waqas Anwar Awais 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(1):145-160
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biomass energy is an important source of energy consumption. It is a renewable, abundant, and easily produced energy source. Its usage supports... 相似文献
189.
Bilal Muhammad Qadir Abdul Yaqub Atif Hassan Habib Ul Irfan Muhammad Aslam Mehmood 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(1):727-738
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microplastics (MP) pollution is an emerging threat to life and the environment. These particles are not restricted to human-inhabited lands but also... 相似文献
190.
Ali Neelum Khan Sardar Khan Muhammad Amjad Waqas Muhammad Yao Huaiying 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(9):8808-8820
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A comprehensive study was conducted to appraise the concentrations of 30 endocrine disrupting pesticides (EDPs) in soil and vegetable samples... 相似文献