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191.
Pınar Aytar Serap Gedikli Mesut Sam Burhanettin Farizoğlu Ahmet Çabuk 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):3060-3067
Olive oil mill wastewater (OMWW), a recalcitrant pollutant, has features including high phenolic content and dark color; thereby, several chemical or physical treatments or biological processes were not able to remediate it. In this study, the treatment efficiencies of three treatments, including adsorption, biological application, and photo-Fenton oxidation were sequentially evaluated for OMWW. Adsorption, biological treatment, and photo-Fenton caused decreasing phenolic contents of 48.69 %, 59.40 %, and 95 %, respectively. However, after three sequential treatments were performed, higher reduction percentages in phenolic (total 99 %) and organic contents (90 %) were observed. Although the studied fungus has not induced significant color reduction, photo-Fenton oxidation was considered to be an attractive solution, especially for color reduction. Besides, toxicity of OMWW treatment was significantly reduced. 相似文献
192.
Magdalena Podbielska Ewa Szpyrka Bartosz Piechowicz Stanisław Sadło Mateusz Sudoł 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(10):652-660
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to assess the disappearance of boscalid (IUPAC name: 2-chloro-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine-3-carboxamide) and pyraclostrobin (IUPAC name: methyl N-[2-[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxymethyl]phenyl]-N-methoxycarbamate) residues in apple fruit, and to verify whether an organic fertilizer enriched with strains of antagonistic microorganisms can reduce pesticide residue levels. Field trials were conducted in a commercial orchard on apples of the Gloster variety, during 21 days after the treatment with Bellis 38 WG and the subsequent application of Zumba Plant formulation containing Bacillus spp., Trichoderma spp. and Glomus spp. In control samples, the decrease rate of boscalid and pyraclostrobin residue levels followed an exponential function, described by formulae Rt = 0.2824e?0.071t and Rt = 0.1176e?0.060t, with the coefficient of determination of r2 = 0.8692 and r2 = 0.9268, respectively. These levels dropped to half (t1/2) of their initial values after 9.8 and 11.5 days, respectively. The treatment with Zumba Plant resulted in a reduction in boscalid and pyraclostrobin residue levels by 52% and 41%, respectively. The results of this study are of importance for horticulture sciences and for producers of apples using plant protection products (PPPs). 相似文献
193.
A model for prediction of product distributions for the reactions of phenol derivatives with hydroxyl radicals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this study, with the intention of estimating the photocatalytic or photodegradation rates and finding certain predictors to be used for the determination of the most probable reaction path and the primary intermediate, the reactions of (*)OH radicals with 11 phenol derivatives including benzene were modeled. For 43 possible reaction routes, calculations of the geometric parameters, the electronic and thermodynamic properties of the reactants, the product radicals and the transition state complexes were performed with the semiempirical PM3 and DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(*) methods. The solvation effects were computed using COSMO as the solvation model. Based on the results of quantum mechanical calculations, the rate constants, the branching ratios and the product distributions of all the possible reaction paths were calculated by means of the transition state theory. Three predictors were determined for the prediction of the most probable transition state and the reaction path. The differences in the reaction rates were explained in terms of the presence of hydrogen bonds in the transition state complexes and the entropy effects. Finally the results obtained were compared with the available experimental data in order to assess the reliability of the proposed model. 相似文献
194.
Camci Cetin S Karaca A Haktanir K Yildiz H 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,128(1-3):489-493
Desertification has recognized as an environmental problem by many international organizations such as UN, NATO and FAO. Desertification
in Turkey is generally caused by incorrect land use, excessive grazing, forest fires, urbanization, industry, genetic erosion,
soil erosion, salinization, and uncontrolled wild type plants picking. Due to anthropogenic destruction of forest, steppe
flora gradually became dominant in Anatolia. In terms of biodiversity, Turkey has a significant importance in Europe and Middle
East. Nine thousands plant species naturally grown in Turkey, one third of them are endemic. Also, endemic species of vertebrates,
thrive in the lakes and marshy areas. The studies of modelling simulation of vegetation on the effects of Mediterranean climate
during the Roman Classical period by using vegetation history showed that, in 2000 years BP, Mediterranean countries were
more humid than today. Turkey is a special place on the global concern in terms of desertification because of biodiversity,
agricultural potential, high population, social and economical structure, topographical factors and strategic regional location.
Communication among scientists, decision makers and international non-profit organizations must be improved. 相似文献
195.
Osman Olgun Alp Önder Yıldız 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(23):13434-13439
The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of six different levels (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) of phytogenic feed additive containing a mixture essential oils from thyme, black cumin, fennel, anise and rosemary on performance, eggshell quality, reproductive traits, and mineral excretion in quail breeders. In this trial, a total of 60 male and 120 female quails, 91 days old, were randomly distributed in six experimental groups. During the 60-day experiment period, birds were fed with six treatment diets. Performances, eggshell qualities, hatchability, and mineral excretion data were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Results showed that the different dietary levels of essential oil mixture had no significant effect on performance parameters, damaged eggs, eggshell weight, fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs, hatchability of set eggs, and lead and boron excretion. On the other hand, 50 mg/kg supplementation of essential oil mixture (EOM) significantly improved egg-breaking strength and eggshell thickness, and ash, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and cadmium excretion was significantly depressed in quail breeders supplemented with the two higher doses (400 or 600 mg/kg) of EOM. These results concluded that supplementing diets with EOM improved egg-breaking strength and decreased excretion of minerals in breeder quails. 相似文献
196.
Zeynep Kılıç Orhan Atakol Sümer Aras Demet Cansaran-Duman 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2014,64(10):1112-1121
Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf biosorption efficiency for zinc(II) was determined. The biosorption efficiency of Zn(II) onto P. furfuracea was significantly affected by the parameters of pH, biomass concentration, stirring speed, contact time, and temperature. The maximum biosorption efficiency of P. furfuracea was 92% at 10 mg/L Zn(II), for 5 g/L lichen biomass dosage. The biosorption of Zn(II) ions onto biomass was better described by the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic. The obtained thermodynamic parameters from biosorption of Zn(II) ions onto biomass were feasible, exothermic, and spontaneous. The different desorbents were used to perform the desorption studies for Zn(II)-loaded biomass. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to determine the participating functional groups of P. furfuracea biomass in Zn (II) biosorption. The broad and strong bands at 3292–3304 cm?1 were due to bound hydroxyl (–OH) or amine (–NH) groups. The effective desorptions were obtained up to 96% with HNO3. P. furfuracea is an encouraging biosorbent for Zn(II) ions, with high metal biosorption and desorption capacities, availability, and low cost. It was believed that by using this new method in which biomass is used as a sorbent, the toxic pollutants could be selectively removed from aqueous solutions to desired low levels. The remarkable properties of lichens in the transformation and detoxification of organic and inorganic pollutants are well known, and many processes have received attention in the general area of environmental biotechnology and microbiology.
Implications:The remarkable properties of lichens in the biosorption capacity of organic and inorganic pollutants are well known, and many processes have received attention in the general area of environmental biotechnology and microbiology. 相似文献
197.
Gizem Karaca S. Sıddık Cindoruk 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2014,64(5):568-577
In the present study, the amounts of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) penetrating into air during PAH removal applications from the urban treatment sludge were investigated. The effects of the temperature, photocatalyst type, and dose on the PAH removal efficiencies and PAH evaporation were explained. The sludge samples were taken from an urban wastewater treatment plant located in the city of Bursa, with 585,000 equivalent population. The ultraviolet C (UV-C) light of 254 nm wavelength was used within the UV applications performed on a specially designed setup. Internal air of the setup was vacuumed through polyurethane foam (PUF) columns in order to collect the evaporated PAHs from the sludge during the PAH removal applications. All experiments were performed with three repetitions. The PAH concentrations were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was observed that the amounts of PAHs penetrating into the air were increased with increase of temperature, and more than 80% of PAHs migrated to the air consisted of 3-ring compounds during the UV and UV-diethylamine (DEA) experiments at 38 and 53 °C. It was determined that 40% decrease was ensured in Σ12 (total of 12) PAH amounts with UV application and 13% of PAHs in sludge penetrated into the air. In the UV-TiO2 applications, a maximum 80% of Σ12 PAH removal was obtained by adding 0.5% TiO2 of dry weight of sludge. The quantity of PAH penetrating into air did not exceed 15%. UV-TiO2 applications ensured high levels of PAH removal in the sludge and also reduced the quantity of PAH penetrating into the air. Within the scope of the samples added with DEA, there was no increase in PAH removal efficiencies and the penetration of PAHs into air was not decreased. In light of these data, it was concluded that UV-TiO2 application is the most suitable PAH removal alternative that restricts the convection of PAH pollution.
Implications: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) evaporation rates from sludge samples obtained from an urban wastewater treatment plant were investigated here for the first time by employing removal applications. TiO2 and diethylamine were used as photocatalysts in this study. A special device was designed and successfully used in this study. Treatment sludge can be a significant source of PAHs for the atmosphere. The data highlight the need for removal of PAHs in treatment sludge via methods limiting their evaporation to the air. It was observed that UV-TiO2 application was the most suitable PAH removal alternative that restricts the convection of PAH pollution. 相似文献
198.
Yurdakul Sema Gürel Barış Varol Murat Gürbüz Habib Kurtuluş Karani 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(45):63894-63904
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed under the air environment for four different heating rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 °C... 相似文献
199.
Şener Fidan Fatma Kızılkaya Aydoğan Emel Uzal Niğmet 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8853-8867
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Due to the rise in clothing consumption per person and growing consumer awareness of environmental issues with products, the textile industry must... 相似文献
200.