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461.
牛玲娟 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2002,12(3):66-69
本文回顾了日本环境教育的产生与发展过程,分析了日本环境教育的现状,介绍了日本环境教育的形式与内容。 相似文献
462.
Chemical compositions of PM2.5 aerosol during haze periods in the mountainous city of Yong'an, China
Liqian Yin Zhenchuan Niu Xiaoqiu Chen Jinsheng Chen Lingling Xu Fuwang Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(7):1225-1233
Haze phenomena were found to have an increasing tendency in recent years in Yong'an, a mountainous industrial city located in the center part of Fujian Province, China. Atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) in the urban area during haze periods in three seasons (spring, autumn and winter) from 2007 to 2008 were collected, and the mass concentrations and chemical compositions (seventeen elements, water soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) and carbonaceous species) of PM2.5 were determined. PM2.5 mass concentrations did not show a distinct difference among the three seasons. The carbonaceous species organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) constituted up to 19.2%-30.4% of the PM2.5 mass during sampling periods, while WSIIs made up 25.3%-52.5% of the PM2.5 mass. The major ions in PM2.5 were SO42-, NO3- and NH4+, while the major elements were Si, K, Pb, Zn, Ca and Al. The experimental results (from data based on three haze periods with a 10-day sampling length for each period) showed that the crustal element species was the most abundant component of PM2.5 in spring, and the secondary ions species (SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, etc.) was the most abundant component in PM2.5 in autumn and winter. This indicated that dust was the primary pollution source for PM2.5 in spring and combustion and traffic emissions could be the main pollution sources for PM2.5 in autumn and winter. Generally, coal combustion and traffic emissions were considered to be the most prominent pollution sources for this city on haze days. 相似文献
463.
Jinju Geng Qiang Wang Xiaojun Niu Xiaorong Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2007,1(1):120-124
Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4–12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes. 相似文献
464.
国内焦化废水处理技术探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对焦化生产环境污染和资源浪费严重的情况,国家自2005年1月1日起实施<焦化行业准入条件>,要求焦化废水经处理后要做到内部循环使用.焦化废水的处理主要采用一级预处理和二级生化处理.目前国内较先进的焦化废水处理技术有A2/O、固定化高效微生物处理技术(3T-AF/BAF)等. 相似文献
465.
466.
Yongqi Gao Helge Drange Ola M. Johannessen Lasse H. Pettersson 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2009
The spatial and temporal distributions of the anthropogenic radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr, originating from nuclear bomb testing, the Sellafield reprocessing plant in the Irish Sea (UK), and from the Ob and Yenisey river discharges to the Arctic Ocean, have been simulated using the global version of the Miami Isopycnic Coordinate Ocean Model (MICOM). The physical model is forced with daily atmospheric re-analysis fields for the period of 1948–1999. Comparison of the temporal evolution of the observed and the simulated concentrations of 90Sr has been performed in the Kara Sea. The relative contributions of the different sources on the temporal and spatial distributions of the surface 90Sr are quantified over the simulated period. It follows that the Ob river discharge dominated the surface 90Sr over most of the Arctic Ocean and along the eastern and western coasts of Greenland before 1960. During the period of 1980–1990, the atmospheric fallout and the Ob river discharge were equally important for the 90Sr distribution in the Arctic Ocean. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to explore the possible dispersion of accidental released 90Sr from the Ob and Yenisey rivers under a global warming scenario (2 × CO2). The difference between the present-day and the global warming scenario runs indicates that more of the released 90Sr from the Ob and Yenisey rivers is confined to the Arctic Ocean in the global warming run, particularly in the near coastal, non-European part of the Arctic Ocean. 相似文献
467.
Gui-Lan Niu Jun-Jie Zhang Hong Liu Ning-Yi Zhou 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(3):763-771
The strain Pseudomonas putida ZWL73, which metabolizes 4-chloronitrobenzene (4CNB) by a partial-reductive pathway, was inoculated into lab-scale 4CNB-contaminated soil for bioaugmentation purposes in this study. The degradation of 4CNB was clearly stimulated, as indicated with the gradual accumulation of ammonium and chloride. Simultaneously, the diversity and quantity of cultivable heterotrophic bacteria decreased due to 4CNB contamination, while the quantity of 4CNB-resistant bacteria increased. During the bioaugmentation, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed the changes of diversity in dominant populations of intrinsic soil microbiota. The results showed that Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were not distinctly affected, but Actinobacteria were apparently stimulated. In addition, an interesting dynamic within Acidobacteria was observed, as well as an influence on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria population. These combined findings demonstrate that the removal of 4CNB in soils by inoculating strain ZWL73 is feasible, and that specific populations in soils rapidly changed in response to 4CNB contamination and subsequent bioaugmentation. 相似文献
468.
469.
厌氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物的影响因素研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为明确厌氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物产生的影响机制,通过改变pH、污泥负荷(Ns)和C/N比,研究厌氧颗粒污泥及其上清液的EPS(胞外聚合物)产生量及组分多糖、蛋白质的变化情况,采用红外光谱对比分析了pH、Ns、C/N比对EPS分子结构的影响;结果表明,过酸、过碱和不适当的C/N比不利于厌氧颗粒污泥形态保持和微生物生长,但Ns对厌氧颗粒污泥形态的影响不大。红外光谱分析表明,蛋白质肽键在强酸、强碱条件下均发生了变化,羧基、醇和酚则在强酸条件下(pH 3)消失,C/N比和污泥负荷对EPS的分子结构影响不大。 相似文献
470.