Uranium enrichment by the separation-nozzle process

The Science of Nature - The development of reliable manufacturing methods for commercial separation elements, the successful operation of separative stages, and extensive tests performed on plant...     

Distribution of actinomycetes in oil contaminated ultisols of the Niger Delta (Nigeria)

The distribution of actinomycetes in oil contaminated sandy loam ultisols of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was studied to aid in understanding the effect of hydrocarbons on indigenous microbial population in tropical soils. The average total counts of actinomycetes in all the oil samples analysed was 103 cfu/g. Higher counts of actinomycetes were observed during the dry season than during the wet season. The counts of hydrocarbonoclastic actinomycetes correlated positively with the total count of actinomycetes.The actinomycetes were generally restricted to the top soil(0-10 cm soil depth) although a seemingly deeper(down to 40 cm soil depth) distribution was noticed in the dry season. The isolates included oil degrading species of Actinoplanes, Norcadia,Streptomyces and Streptosporangium. Their high oil utilization ability indicates their positive potential and role in the bioremediation of oil-spilled soils.     

Integrated nutrient management and waste recycling for restoring soil fertility and productivity in Japanese mint and mustard sequence in Uttar Pradesh, India

Supplementing the nutrient requirement of crops through organic manures plays a key role in sustaining soil fertility, and crop productivity and reducing use of fossil fuels. Field experiments were conducted for 2 years at two different locations (i.e. Lucknow and Pantnagar) in Uttar Pradesh, India. The objectives of the study were to assess the herb and essential oil yields of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis cv. Hy 77), and its nutrient accumulation under single and combined applications of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers (NPK). Changes in physical and chemical characteristics of the soils (Fluvisols, Mollisols) were also determined. Eight treatments comprising different combinations of NPK through inorganic fertilizers and farm yard manure (FYM) were compared. The distilled waste of mint after extraction of essential oil was recycled to soils in the plots to supplement the nutritional requirement of the succeeding mustard crop (Brassica juncea cv. Pusa Bold). Herb and essential oil yield of mint were significantly higher with combined application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients as compared to single applications. Accumulation of N and P was at par under full inorganic and combined supply whereas, K accumulation was higher with the former. Soil organic C and pH after harvest of mint did not significantly differ among the treatments, but the level of mineralizable N, Olsen-P and NH₄OAc extractable K were higher in soil with integrated supply of nutrients. Significant increase in soil water stable aggregates, organic C, available NPK and microbial biomass, and decrease in soil bulk density were observed with waste recycling over fertilizer application. These benefits were reflected in the seed and stubble yield of mustard which succeeded mint. This study indicates that combined application of inorganic fertilizers with organics helps in increasing the availability of nutrients and crop yield and provides a significant effect to the succeeding crop. Similarly, recycling crop residues reduces the need for fossil fuel based fertilizer, and helps in sustaining and restoring soil fertility in terms of available nutrients and major physical and chemical characteristics of the soil.     

低剂量微囊藻毒素亚急性肝毒性及其机理

为了研究低剂量微囊藻毒素 (MC)的亚急性肝毒性及其作用机理 ,将SD大鼠随机分为 4组 ,每组雌雄各 1 0只 ,分别经腹腔注射MC 0 ,4,8,1 2 μg·(kg·d) - 1,3 5天后观察各组大鼠血清酶学和肝脏病理学变化 .用原位末端标记法 (TUNEL)观察肝细胞凋亡 ,并用ABC免疫组化技术检测肝脏增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA) .结果表明染毒组大鼠血清γ 谷氨酰转移酶 (GGT)活力和全血谷胱甘肽 (GSH)浓度下降 ,血清乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)和谷草转氨酶(AST)升高 ,谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)未见显著变化 .染毒组大鼠肝脏出现特征性的形态学变化 ,并有活跃的肝细胞凋亡和增生并存的现象 .说明微囊藻毒素引起的氧化损伤和肝细胞凋亡可能是其致肝脏毒性的原因     

政和—大埔断裂带基本特征及其演化模式

政和—大埔断裂带经历多期复杂的构造变形变质作用,不同地段的时空演化特征有所差异,总体上可划分为四个演化阶段。即:①前加里东期(?)—加里东期韧性剪切变形变质作用(D_1),发生于中、下地壳,是顺层剪切(固态流变)的结果,为纯韧性变形,②印支期韧性剪切变形变质作用(D_2)——政和—大埔断裂的形成,以平移型剪切为主,形成S——C糜棱岩,为半韧性变形环境;③印支末期—燕山早期逆冲—推覆作用(D_3),为多层次逆冲推覆,东部所谓的“天窗”部分为这一时期逆冲岩片的残留体,随着早燕山期花岗岩的侵入逐渐过渡到伸展拆离环境,同时西部推覆体后缘出现拉张,形成有限的火山岩盆地,为半脆性—脆性变形环境;④燕山期(—喜山期)伸展—拆离作用(D_4),在相对年轻的拆离断层之下出露变质核杂岩(如稻香组和熊山岩体),并形成裂陷盆地堆积(梨山组),东部部分“天窗”属这类成因,形成环境跨度大,为半韧性→半脆性→脆性。