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391.
Izabela Polowczyk Anna Bastrzyk Tomasz Koźlecki Wojciech Sawiński Piotr Rudnicki Adam Sokołowski Zygmunt Sadowski 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2010,32(4):361-366
The aim of this work is to investigate the application of fly ash adsorbent for removal of arsenite ions from dilute solution
(100–1,000 ppm). Experiments were carried out using material from the “Turów” (Poland) brown-coal-burning power plant, which
was wetted, then mixed and tumbled in a granulator to form spherical agglomerates. Measurements of arsenic adsorption from
aqueous solution were carried out at room temperature and natural pH of fly ash agglomerates, in either a shaken flask or
circulating column, to compare two different methods of contacting solution with adsorbent. Adsorption isotherms of arsenic
were determined for agglomerated material using the Freundlich equation. Kinetic studies indicated that sorption follows a
pseudo-second-order model. Preferable method to carry out the process is continuous circulation of arsenite solution through
a column. 相似文献
392.
Multivariate analysis for source identification of pollution in sediment of Linggi River,Malaysia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Md Suhaimi Elias Shariff Ibrahim Kamarudin Samuding Shamsiah Ab Rahman Yii Mei Wo Jeremy Andy Dominic Daung 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(4):257
Rapid socioeconomic development in the Linggi River Basin has contributed to the significant increase of pollution discharge into the Linggi River and its adjacent coastal areas. The toxic element contents and distributions in the sediment samples collected along the Linggi River were determined using neutron activation analysis (NAA) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques. The measured mean concentration of As, Cd, Pb, Sb, U, Th and Zn is relatively higher compared to the continental crust value of the respective element. Most of the elements (As, Cr, Fe, Pb, Sb and Zn) exceeded the freshwater sediment quality guideline-threshold effect concentration (FSQG-TEC) value. Downstream stations of the Linggi River showed that As concentrations in sediment exceeded the freshwater sediment quality guideline-probable effect concentration (FSQG-PEC) value. This indicates that the concentration of As will give an adverse effect to the growth of sediment-dwelling organisms. Generally, the Linggi River sediment can be categorised as unpolluted to strongly polluted and unpolluted to strongly to extremely polluted. The correlation matrix of metal-metal relationship, principle component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) indicates that the pollution sources of Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb in sediments of the Linggi River originated from the industry of electronics and electroplating. Elements of As, Cr, Sb and Fe mainly originated from motor-vehicle workshops and metal work, whilst U and Th originated from natural processes such as terrestrial runoff and land erosion. 相似文献
393.
394.
Rudolph A Medina P Urrutia C Ahumada R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2009,155(1-4):419-429
Given its geographic characteristics, the southern Chilean fjord area is subjected to growing environmental pressure from the development of diverse forms of aquaculture (i.e., fish, algae, shellfish). The sediments accumulate substances as a natural sink, and ecotoxicology assays offer a reliable and robust proxy for sediment quality analyses. This study's objective was to establish a mid-range toxicity base line for the sediments in the region by applying a battery of non-specific ecotoxicological assays. Sediment samples (28) were collected in the channels and fjords studied during the CIMAR-Fiordos 11 cruise (July 2005). The sediments were evaluated using different species endemic to the eastern Pacific as targets: Ampelisca araucana, Tisbe longicornis, Arbacia spatuligera, and Dunaliella tertiolecta. The conditions for each assay were reported previously. Of the four species used as ecotoxicological tools, only D. tertiolecta differed significantly from the control group (negative) in terms of its growth. This difference could be attributed to nutrient enrichment. In general, we concluded that, although local changes occurred in the sediments, the mesoscale magnitude of the ecotoxicological alterations was small. Nonetheless, a surveillance program should be implemented that would allow us to follow-up and analyze the changes that are taking place in the systems on broader scales of time and space. 相似文献
395.
The Odiel salt marshes (Marismas del Odiel) are an important nature area declared a Biosphere Reserve, but they are greatly
affected by pollution from the Odiel River. Surface sediments from this area were analysed using the latest version of the
BCR sequential extraction procedure to determine the fractionation of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn among four geochemical
phases (acid-soluble, reducible, oxidisable and residual). The total content of each of the metals and As was also determined.
The results showed high concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, with maximums of 791 mg kg−1 of As, 8.5 mg kg−1 of Cd, 2,740 mg kg−1 of Cu, 1,580 mg kg−1 of Pb and 3,920 mg kg−1 of Zn. The concentrations of Cr, Mn and Ni were low since there are no sources of pollution by them in the area. A comparison
of the metal and As levels with the sediment quality guidelines showed that the pollution is sufficient to produce noxious
effects in aquatic organisms in most of the Odiel salt marshes. Based on the chemical distribution of the elements, it was
found that Cd and Zn were the most mobile (i.e., elements that can pass easily into the water under changing environmental
conditions). However, Cr, Fe, Ni and As were present in the greatest percentages in the residual fraction, which implies that
these elements are strongly linked to the sediments. 相似文献
396.
A method for the determination of residues of mesotrione, atrazine and its degradation products: deethylatrazine, hydroxyatrazine,
deisopropylatrazine, desethyldesisopropylatrazine in a variety of water and soil matrices has been developed. Mesotrione is
a new selective herbicide for use in corn, which has been substituted for atrazine, which has been banned in European Union
countries since 2007. Although atrazine has not been used for three vegetative periods, it is still detected in the environment.
The analysis was conducted by means of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and liquid chromatography
with diode array detection. The procedures for analyte separation from water and soil matrices were also established. The
optimal conditions for solid-phase extraction (SPE) were determined. The recoveries were compared with that obtained by means
of SPE. Method fortification recoveries from water samples averaged 78–97% and for soil 80–97% depending on the analyte and
type of sample. The limits of detection were 0.04–0.61 μg/L for water samples and for soil samples 0.02–0.88 μg/g. The soil
samples were collected in spring 2009 from three different fields with water samples being made from effluents from these
fields. Samples collection was conducted in the day of mesotrione (Callisto 100SC) application and then done weekly, until
the mesotrione concentration was below the limit of quantification. The results enabled the monitoring of mesotrione degradation
in soil and its permeability into surface waters; simultaneously, the same studies were conducted for atrazine. 相似文献
397.
Zawadzki J Magiera T Fabijańczyk P Kusza G 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(5):3267-3278
In soil magnetometry, two types of measurements are usually performed. The first type is measurements performed on the soil
surface, frequently using an MS2D sensor. The second type includes measurements of magnetic susceptibility carried out in
the soil profile, usually to a depth of about 30 cm. Up to now, such measurement results were analyzed separately. However,
it is possible and advantageous to integrate these two types of measurements. The goal of the study was to integrate measurements
of magnetic susceptibility performed on the soil surface and in the soil profile. More specifically, the goal was to obtain
3-dimensional spatial distributions of magnetic susceptibility of the topsoil horizon. Results show that it is possible to
effectively integrate measurements of magnetic susceptibility performed on the soil surface and in the soil profile. Moreover,
the 3-dimensional spatial distribution that is obtained shows the magnetic susceptibility of the top 20 cm of soil, which
includes the soil horizons where most of the heavy metals are accumulated. The analysis of such a spatial distribution can
be very helpful in delineating areas where the heightened magnetic susceptibility is a result of the influence of anthropogenic
pollution from those areas where it results from lithogenic origin. It is possible to investigate where the volumes of soil
with heightened magnetic susceptibility are located in the soil profile and in this way investigate which characteristic type
of soil profile it is. 相似文献
398.
Joanna Ewa Przytarska Adam Sokołowski Maciej Wołowicz Herman Hummel Jeroen Jansen 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,166(1-4):461-476
Mussels from Mytilus edulis complex were used as biomonitors of the trace metals Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, and Cu at 17 sampling sites to assess the relative bioavailability of metals in coastal waters around the European continent. Because accumulated metal concentrations in a given area can differ temporally, data were corrected for the effect of season before large-scale spatial comparisons were made. The highest concentration of Fe was noted in the North Sea and of Mn in the Baltic. Increased tissue concentrations of Pb were recorded in the mussels from the Bay of Biscay and the Baltic Sea. Low concentrations of metals were determined in the mussels from the Mediterranean Sea and the Northern Baltic. Relatively low geographic variations of Cu and Zn indicate that mussels are able to partially regulate accumulated body concentrations, which means Cu and Zn are, to some extent, independent of environmental concentrations. 相似文献
399.
Sojka M Siepak M Zioła A Frankowski M Murat-Błazejewska S Siepak J 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,147(1-3):159-170
The paper presents the results of determinations of physico-chemical parameters of the Ma?a We?na waters, a river situated in Wielkopolska voivodeship (Western Poland). Samples for the physico-chemical analysis were taken in eight gauging cross-sections once a month between May and November 2006. To assess the physico-chemical composition of surface water, use was made of multivariate statistical methods of data analysis, viz. cluster analysis (CA), factor analysis (FA), principal components analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA). They made it possible to observe similarities and differences in the physico-chemical composition of water in the gauging cross-sections, to identify water quality indicators suitable for characterising its temporal and spatial variability, to uncover hidden factors accounting for the structure of the data, and to assess the impact of man-made sources of water pollution. 相似文献
400.