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291.
Environmentally acceptable effect of hydrogen peroxide on cave "lamp-flora", calcite speleothems and limestones 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Faimon J Stelcl J Kubesová S Zimák J 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,122(3):417-422
Mosses, algae, and cyanobacteria (lamp-flora) colonize illuminated areas in show caves. This biota is commonly removed by a sodium hypochlorite solution. Because chlorine and other deleterious compounds are released into a cave environment during lamp-flora cleansing, hydrogen peroxide was tested as an alternative agent. In a multidisciplinary study conducted in the Kateinská Cave (Moravian Karst, Czech Republic), 12 algae- and cyanobacteria taxons and 19 moss taxons were detected. The threshold hydrogen peroxide concentration for the destruction of this lamp-flora was found to be 15 vol.%. Based on laboratory experiments in stirred batch reactors, the dissolution rates of limestones and calcite speleothems in water were determined as 3.77 x 10-3 and 1.81 x 10-3 mol m-2 h-1, respectively. In the 15% peroxide solution, the limestone and speleothem dissolution rates were one order of magnitude higher, 2.00 x 10-2 and 2.21 x 10-2 mol m-2 h-1, respectively. So, the peroxide solution was recognised to attack carbonates somewhat more aggressively than karst water. In order to prevent the potential corrosion of limestone and speleothems, the reaching of preliminary peroxide saturation with respect to calcite is recommended, for example, by adding of few limestone fragments into the solution at least 10 h prior to its application. 相似文献
292.
The Science of Nature - 相似文献
293.
294.
Environmental heterogeneity is expected to create variation in the ornament-condition relationship. This topic has been studied in males with less attention being given to females. Here, we explore inter-population variation in the relationship between the size of a male-like trait, supra-orbital combs, and body mass in female red grouse Lagopus lagopus scoticus. We used the abundance of the nematode Trichostrongylus tenuis, a parasite with strong negative effects on this species, as a proxy of environmental conditions. We studied six populations over 5?years and showed that the comb size-body mass relationship varied with mean parasite abundance, with stronger ornament-condition relationships in populations with higher parasite infection levels. Our study supports the idea that environmental conditions, and in particular parasite infection levels, may affect the reliability of female ornaments as condition indicators. 相似文献
295.
Horsák M Hájek M Hájková P Cameron R Cernohorsky N Apostolova I 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2011,98(8):671-681
Mollusc communities of previously unexplored Bulgarian fens were studied in order to determine and generalise the patterns
of species richness and composition along the mineral richness gradient. The aim was also to compare predictive values of
the environment, vegetation and spatial structure. Altogether, 44 mollusc species were recorded at 40 treeless fen sites.
Species richness varied from 0 to 18 species per site, and it was positively associated with the mineral gradient and negatively
with altitude. However, the best predictor was obtained using plant species composition. All explanatory variables had higher
effect on land snails than on the entire mollusc assemblage (including aquatic species). Species richness and abundance were
significantly and positively correlated with the species composition turnover; the communities were highly nested, with poor
sites having subsets of the fauna found in the richest. The main direction of mollusc species turnover was highly associated
with that observed for vegetation, and the main gradient of plant species composition was able to explain nearly 20% of total
variation in mollusc data. We found that spatial structure explained by far the highest proportion of independent variation,
which reflected the high level of geographical isolation of Bulgarian fens and regional differences independent of any environmental
variation. Our results demonstrate (1) the general role of mineral richness gradient for structuring mollusc communities in
fens, (2) the pivotal indicator role of plant species composition in predicting species composition of mollusc communities,
despite being trophically independent and (3) the effect of isolation and origins of the habitat on species composition: most
species have wide geographical distributions within the habitat type, and geographical patterns within Bulgaria may have a
stochastic element. 相似文献
296.
297.
Lucia Filova Jiri Vojar Kamila Svobodova Petr Sklenicka 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2015,58(11):2037-2055
This study deals with an assessment of the visual quality of landscapes, and specifically with the perception of selected elements in the landscape. The aim of the study was to find out how particular elements are perceived in various landscape types, whether this perception is affected by the landscape type in which the elements are placed, and to what extent the respondents’ characteristics affect the assessment. The study was carried out with a sample of respondents of various ages, educational levels and types of employment. The respondents came from Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The preferences of the respondents were determined using an online questionnaire, in which they rated landscape photographs on a 21 point rating scale with a range from ?10 to +10 points. Using generalised linear mixed effect models, it was found that the perception of an element is most affected by the landscape type, since the same element was assessed differently according to the landscape in which it was situated. The results confirmed that selected elements which do not disturb the harmony of the landscape are generally positively perceived, and the selected elements of a technical character are generally negatively perceived. Among the characteristics of the respondents, only gender and the respondent's current place of residence have an effect on their visual preferences. 相似文献
298.
Rudolf Izsák 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2008,15(2):143-156
In this paper some properties and analytic expressions regarding the Poisson lognormal distribution such as moments, maximum
likelihood function and related derivatives are discussed. The author provides a sharp approximation of the integrals related
to the Poisson lognormal probabilities and analyzes the choice of the initial values in the fitting procedure. Based on these
he describes a new procedure for carrying out the maximum likelihood fitting of the truncated Poisson lognormal distribution.
The method and results are illustrated on real data. The computer program for calculations is freely available.
相似文献
Rudolf IzsákEmail: |
299.
Lucie Bláhová Pavel Babica Ondřej Adamovský Jiří Kohoutek Blahoslav Maršálek Luděk Bláha 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2008,6(4):223-227
Massive cyanobacterial water blooms and production of toxins (cyanotoxins) have become a worldwide problem. In this report,
we present results of cyanotoxins analyses (peptide microcystins, alkaloid cylindrospermopsin) in the Czech Republic reservoirs
using HPLC-PDA and ELISA. Our study suggests the occurrence of cylindrospermopsin in the Czech Republic for the first time
(particularly, in water blooms containing Aphanizomenon klebahnii). We also discuss human health risks associated with microcystins in relation to the drinking water guideline value of 1.0 μg/l
as recommended by the World Health Organization. 相似文献
300.
D. Agosti C. Austin O. A. Gökçen W. A. König E. D. Morgan E. D. Scott R. Wehner 《Chemoecology》1996,7(1):57-60
Summary In all the species of theCataglyphis bicolor group examined yet, i.e.C. bicolor, C. diehli, C. isis, C. nodus, andC. viaticus, 2-methyl-1-hexanol is the characteristic substance and almost the only substance found in the mandibular glands. Its chirality has been determined inC. bicolor and shown to be exclusively (S)-2-methyl-1-hexanol. 相似文献