Interaction between Cu and different types of surface-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron during their transport in porous media

This study investigated the interaction between Cu^2 + and nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) coated with three types of stabilizers (i.e., polyacrylic acid [PAA], Tween-20 and starch) by examining the Cu^2 + uptake, colloidal stability and mobility of surface-modified NZVI (SM-NZVI) in the presence of Cu^2 +. The uptake of Cu^2 + by SM-NZVI and the colloidal stability of the Cu-bearing SM-NZVI were examined in batch tests. The results showed that NZVI coated with different modifiers exhibited different affinities for Cu^2 +, which resulted in varying colloidal stability of different SM-NZVI in the presence of Cu^2 +. The presence of Cu^2 + exerted a slight influence on the aggregation and settling of NZVI modified with PAA or Tween-20. However, the presence of Cu^2 + caused significant aggregation and sedimentation of starch-modified NZVI, which is due to Cu^2 + complexation with the starch molecules coated on the surface of the particles. Column experiments were conducted to investigate the co-transport of Cu^2 + in association with SM-NZVI in water-saturated quartz sand. It was presumed that a physical straining mechanism accounted for the retention of Cu-bearing SM-NZVI in the porous media. Moreover, the enhanced aggregation of SM-NZVI in the presence of Cu^2 + may be contributing to this straining effect.     

含油污泥的水热法减量处理

采用水热技术处理含油污泥,考察了反应温度和反应时间对水热处理后含油污泥性质的影响,分析了含油污泥的减量化效果。实验结果表明：对含水率为70.6%（w）、含油率为32.0%（w）的含油污泥进行水热处理时,与反应时间相比,反应温度对含油污泥的脱水性能影响更大,是影响含油污泥热水解反应的重要因素;含油污泥经水热处理后,脱水性能得到改善,在所有实验条件下减量化率均高于78.8%,其中,在反应温度190 ℃、反应时间30 min的条件下,减量化率达到88.2%。     

多花黑麦草对黄金废水净化与富集的研究

多花黑麦草对黄金废水净化与富集的研究戴全裕（中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，南京２１０００８）蔡述伟张秀英（江苏省地质矿产测试应用研究所）关键词黄金废水；多花黑麦草；净化与富集．多花黑麦草（Ｌｏｌｉｕｍｍｕｌｔｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ）是我国从意大利引进的优...     

用稳定同位素方法探讨大气颗粒物中硫的来源

以五级撞击式大气颗粒物采样器采集贵阳城、郊大气颗粒物样品,分析了不同粒径大气颗粒物的全硫同位素组成,以此为基础,探讨了大气颗粒物中硫的来源,同时初步查明了贵阳城、郊大气颗粒物全硫同位素组成在时间和粒径上的变化趋势：（1）大气颗粒物的硫同位素组成变化范围随粒径变小而减小。说明伴随粒径变小,颗粒物中硫的来源趋向简单,硫越来越多地由气相硫转化而来。（2）春季样品各级颗粒物的δ₃₄S值有低于夏季的趋势。这反映出,燃煤排放的SO2通量与生物源硫化物通量在时间上的消长关系是控制颗粒物中硫的来源构成的一个重要因素。     

膜曝气生物膜反应器研究进展

膜曝气生物膜反应器(MABR)是一种新颖的膜-生物处理组合工艺.在MABR中,曝气膜既提供曝气又兼做生物膜生长的载体.气相(曝气膜内腔)中的氧是通过膜/生物膜的界面扩散进入生物膜内,而液相(废水)中的底物是从生物膜/液相界面上进人生物膜.MABR突出特征是无泡曝气以及氧和底物的异向传质导致的生物膜功能活性层化,对高需氧...     

Aerosol scattering coefficients and major chemical compositions of fine particles observed at a rural site in the central Pearl River Delta, South China

During November-December 2010 aerosol scattering coefficients were monitored using a single-waved (525 nm) Nephelometer at a regional monitoring station in the central Pearl River Delta region and 24-hr fine particle (PM_2.5) samples were also collected during the period using quartz filters for the analysis of major chemical components including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), sulfate, nitrate and ammonium. In average, these five components accounted for about 85% of PM_2.5 mass and contributed 42% (OC), 19% (SO₄^2-), 12% (NO₃^-), 8.4% (NH₄⁺) and 3.7% (EC), to PM_2.5 mass. A relatively higher mass scattering efficiency of 5.3 m²/g was obtained for fine particles based on the linear regression between scattering coefficients and PM_2.5 mass concentrations. Chemical extinction budget based on IMPROVE approach revealed that ammonium sulfate, particulate organic matter, ammonium nitrate and EC in average contributed about 32%, 28%, 20% and 6% to the light extinction coefficients, respectively.