Uptake of dieldrin, dimethoate and permethrin by cyanobacteria, Anabaena sp. and Aulosira fertilissima

Blue-green algae showed a poor ability to pick up and concentrate dieldrin and dimethoate. However, the uptake and bioconcentration factor for permethrin was very high. The uptake of dieldrin by Anabaena and Aulosira ranged from 5.1 to 73.2 and 5.5 to 17.4 microg g(-1) (ppm), respectively. The uptake of permethrin was from 9.0 to 249.7 and 4.6 to 1422.5 microg g(-1) by Anabaena and Aulosira, respectively. The highest bioconcentration factors for permethrin in Anabaena and Aulosira were 813 and 2373, respectively. This was followed by the bioconcentration factor of dieldrin (620) and dimethoate (119) in Aulosira fertilissima.     

Effect of trichloroethylene (TCE) inhalation on biotransformation enzymes of rat lung and liver

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is widely used as an industrial solvent and cleaning fluid. In the present study the toxic effects of TCE inhalation on pulmonary and hepatic biotransformation enzymes in rats have been investigated by assay of aniline hydroxylase (AH), aminopyrine-N-demethylase (APD), benzo-a-pyrene hydroxylase (BH) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities and glutathione (GSH) contents in liver as well as lungs of exposed animals. In both organs phase I and phase II drug metabolizing enzymes have been found to be increased along with decrease in GSH contents following TCE inhalation. Pulmonary as well as hepatic MFO's seem to be activated by inhaled TCE probably in an attempt for its rapid detoxification and reduced glutathione is used during its biotransformation.     

Breast cancer incidence and exposure to pesticides among women originating from Jaipur

Environmental contamination by pesticides has been documented in biotic and abiotic components. These persistent organic pollutants are lipid soluble, nonbiodegradable, and endocrine disrupters. The present study was therefore planned to determine whether the levels of these pesticides like DDT and its metabolites DDD and DDE, dieldrin, heptachlor, and HCH and its isomers (alpha, beta, and gamma) were higher in blood of breast cancer patients when compared with normal women who did not suffer from major diseases like blood pressure, tuberculosis, diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, arthritis, cancer, etc. and had not undergone any major surgery. The results indicated that organochlorine pesticides taken for analysis were found significantly high in breast cancer patients irrespective of age, diet, and geographic distribution.     

High CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> absorption of <Emphasis Type="Italic">O</Emphasis>-carboxymethylchitosan synthesised from chitosan

CO₂ absorption by liquid-containing amines to form carbamate and bicarbonates is an effective method of CO₂ mitigation from industrial exhausts, but this process is expensive and requires large quantities of amines. Here we modified chitosan, a naturally occurring biopolymer containing NH₂ functions, to use it for CO₂ absorption in aqueous media. Chitosan was dispersed in 40% aqueous NaOH solution then treated with monochloroacetic acid dissolved in isopropanol, to yield O-carboxymethylchitosan. Results show that the CO₂ absorption capacity of O-carboxymethylchitosan is 0.508 g/g, which is higher than the capacity of conventional amines such as 1-aminoamine, 2-methylpropanolamine and methyldiethanol amine, but lower than the capacity of monoethanolamine. A cyclic study showed that O-carboxymethylchitosan is a stable component for CO₂ absorption and regeneration.     

NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO PARTICLE DEPOSITION DURING SLOT FLOW1

ABSTRACT A mathematical model is presented of the process of particle sedimentation from a fluid-solid slurry while flowing through a vertical slot. The differential equations describing the process consist of 1st order, non-linear, partial differential equation and a 1st order, ordinary differential equation. These two equations have been solved using a forward difference technique. Results for typical sets of system parameters are presented and discussed. The model finds practical application to solid-waste disposal processes and to petroleum reservoir stimulation processes.     

Current perspective on wastewater treatment using photobioreactor for Tetraselmis sp.: an emerging and foreseeable sustainable approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization is a revolutionary and necessary step for the development of nations. However, with development emanates its drawback i.e., generation of...