水幕在隧道中灭火的数值模拟研究

利用CFD软件中的专用FDS软件对水幕在隧道产生火灾进行灭火模拟研究,模拟水幕对隧道中火灾产生的烟气流动速度、烟气浓度以及温度等特性参数的影响,模拟得到水幕能有效地减慢地下隧道中烟雾的扩散和降低烟雾的温度,为地下工事中的人员逃离提供有力的保证,为加强地下工事的防御提供了理论参考。     

过程工业计算机辅助安全防护层分析技术进展

介绍当前过程工业安全防护层分析(LOPA)的基本内容,研讨LOPA方法与深层次的危险和可操作性分析方法(HAZOP)之间的关系以及计算机辅助HAZOP的研究进展。针对人工LOPA方法的缺点,开发了SDG-HAZOP软件平台,为计算机辅助LOPA平台研发创造了先决条件。应用计算机辅助LOPA方法,使防护层的设置具有更好的针对性、合理性和有效性,发挥对事故的预防和预警作用,并具有良好的发展前景。     

应急撤离建模研究的现状、问题与发展趋势

分析以往的突发事件应急撤离决策过多依赖决策者主观判断的问题,提出通过构建应急撤离模型为决策者提供更客观的辅助决策信息,并阐述了应急撤离建模过程涉及的主要要素。通过对3种主要应急撤离建模方法——宏观、微观和中观的撤离建模过程的详细介绍和分析,综观了当前应急撤离建模的研究现状。在该基础上,研讨每种建模方法的特点、适用范围以及存在的主要问题,并针对这些问题,给出可能的解决方法和未来的发展方向。归纳应急撤离建模研究的成果,提出在实际应急撤离建模工作中应注意的问题。     

用废旧电路板热解油制备酚醛树脂

在碳酸钙存在下,采用热解技术将废旧电路板中的树脂转化为富含酚的热解油,然后直接加入甲醛溶液反应制备热解油型酚醛树脂,实现了废旧电路板中树脂的再生,酚醛树脂的性能结构类似于氨催化的酚醛树脂。实验结果表明：在n（甲醛）：n（热解油）为1．8～2．1的条件下,无需外加催化剂,在60,80,90℃下分别反应30min制备的热解油型酚醛树脂的性能最佳,且可满足GB／T14732—93《木材工业胶黏剂用脲醛、酚醛、三氧氰胺甲醛树脂》中层压材料用酚醛树脂产品的相关标准。     

溶菌酶及其在环境工程中的应用研究

文章对溶菌酶的结构特点、作用机制、提取制备、酶活力的测定方法做了简要介绍,并探讨了溶菌酶在环境工程中的应用研究。     

ICP-MS碰撞反应池技术测定地表水中Fe、As、Se

本文提出了用ICP-MS碰撞反应池技术(CCT)测定地表水中Fe、As、Se的分析方法,对方法的检出限、精密度和准确度进行了测定,并对实际样品进行了分析,方法具有快速、简便、能同时分析多元素等优点.     

基于GPRS的环境在线监测系统设计

介绍了在Delphi环境下,利用Socket控件,通过GPRS网络实现GPRS DTU和上位机之问的通信;采用力控PcAuto组态软件设计上位机监控画面;利用Dbcom控件,实现通信程序和力控数据的共享,对环境监测数据进行采集管理。     

A combined plasma photolysis (CPP) method for removal of CS2 from gas streams at atmospheric pressure

A combined plasma photolysis (CPP) reactor that utilizes a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and 207 nm UV radiation from discharge-driven KrBr^* excimers was designed and constructed. Gas streams containing CS₂ were treated with stand-alone DBD and CPP at atmospheric pressure. In comparison to DBD, CPP greatly enhanced the removal efficiency at the same applied voltage, waste gas concentration and gas residence time. Thus the applied voltage could be reduced to a certain extent in the plasma processing of industrial wastes. Influences of the KrBr^* radiation, inlet CS₂ concentration and gas residence time on CS₂ removal by CPP were also studied. In addition, the likely reaction mechanisms for the removal of CS₂ by CPP are suggested based on the byproducts analysis. The enhanced removal efficiency and reaction mechanisms implied that the CPP process would probably be suitable for the removal of a large number of gaseous pollutants.     

Photodegradation of bisphenol Z by UV irradiation in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin

In this work, the formation of the inclusion complex of bisphenol Z (1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, abbreviated as BPCH) with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) has been studied, 1:1 inclusion complex can be obtained, the formation constant of the beta-CD/BPCH complex is 5.94x10(3)M(-1). The photodegradation behavior of BPCH was investigated under monochromatic UV irradiation (lambda=254 nm). The photodegradation rate constant of BPCH in aqueous solutions with beta-CD showed a 9.0-fold increase, and simultaneously the mineralization of BPCH can be enhanced by beta-CD. The influence factors on photodegradation of BPCH were also studied and described in details, such as concentration of beta-CD, initial concentration of BPCH, organic solvent and pH. The photodegradation of BPCH in the presence of beta-CD includes the direct photolysis and the photooxidation of BPCH during the photochemical process. Some predominant photodegradation products are 4-(2,4,5-trihydroxy-phenyl)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butanoic acid, 5,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid, meta-hydroxylated BPCH, ortho-hydroxylated BPCH and 4-(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentyl)phenol respectively. The enhancement of photodegradation of BPCH mainly results from moderate inclusion depth of BPCH molecule in the beta-CD cavity. This kind of inclusion structure allows BPCH molecule sufficient proximity to secondary hydroxyl groups of the beta-CD cavity, and these hydroxyl groups could be activated and converted to hydroxyl radicals under UV irradiation, which can enhance the photooxidation of BPCH.