陶瓷微滤膜过滤黑液的清洗与再生

对无机陶瓷微滤膜过滤草桨黑液的膜清洗及再生的方法进行了研究。考察了物理和化学方法的再生效果、单种清洗剂的清洗效果、复合方法的清洗效果和效果的可重复性。结果表明物理冲洗、高温灼烧、单一的化学清洗剂清洗均可以提高陶瓷膜的再生通量；但是复合方法对陶瓷微滤膜的再生效果较好，其中按氢氧化钠溶液清洗、硝酸溶液清洗、次氯酸钠溶液清洗的实验步骤，膜的再生渗透通量高．且重复性强，可望在工业生产的在线清洗中应用。     

热带海洋环境中BHC和DDT的行为特征研究Ⅰ.中国珠江口区旱季BHC和DDT的含量与分布

本文于1994年11月用气相色谱法研究了旱季珠江口区环境中BHC和DDT的含量与分布。结果表明，表层海水BHC含量为0.187μg/L，DDT为0.080μｇ/L；底层海水BHC为0.117μｇ／L，DDT为0.506μｇ／L。沉积物BHC为11.15×10－9（干），DDT为33.46×10－9（干）。海水中的盐度、DO、C     

First-trimester prenatal diagnosis in quintuplets: A practical approach using step-by-step embryo reduction

A multiple pregnancy of high rank may occur in a couple at risk for a Mendelian disorder. Prenatal diagnosis is hampered by the difficulty of (1) obtaining chorionic villi from each zygote arid (2) unequivocally relating each sample to the corresponding embryo. The calculation of the genetic risk according to the number of zygotes led us to propose a diagnostic strategy based on embryo reduction, a technique initially designed to improve the perinatal outcome of multiple pregnancies with normal embryos. We report a case in which this approach allowed rational use of first-trimester chorionic villus sampling in a quintuplet pregnancy at risk for non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia, resulting in the selective birth of unaffected twins.     

几种海洋微藻对水中三丁基锡化合物的迁移和转化作用

实验表明，在半抑制效应浓度下纤弱角毛藻，扁藻，三角褐指藻对三丁基锡均有瞬时强吸附作用，其后，微藻对三丁基锡的吸收可单室生物积累模型描述，根据模型曲线拟合求出其总吸收饱和浓度和生物排出速常数，微藻对三丁基锡的生物富集因子高达１０＾４－１０＾５，主要取决于高比表面，高分配比和高摄取速率，７２ｈ纤弱角毛藻对三丁基锡的生物降解率在５％左右。     

石英羟基水-分子水的分馏系数与常规混合水δD分析的关系

采集了 4个不同地区花岗岩石英、热液脉石英 ,分析其中包裹体分子水与结构羟基水的含量、包裹体分子水的δDinclusion、结构羟基水的δDOH,计算了结构羟基水 包裹体分子水之间的D/H分馏系数αOH inclusion。考查了混合水 (结构羟基水 +包裹体分子水 )δDwhole water与单独包裹体水δDinclusion之间的差别 ,分析了这种差别与分馏系数αOH inclusion的关系。结果表明 :花岗岩样品中两种水之间的分馏系数小 ,分馏程度大 ,在常规分析中 ,若采用测定混合水δDwhole water值代表实际流体 (包裹体水 )δDinclusion值时 ,二者间有较大的差异。热液石英脉样品总体来说分馏系数接近于 1,分馏程度小 ,常规分析中引起的二者之间差异小。常规的分析方法用于分馏程度小的热液脉石英是可行的 ,但进行花岗岩石英水的氢同位素分析时有必要区分出包裹体水与羟基水。     

废旧电池掩埋处理方法初探

以分别种植小叶黄杨和八角金盘的2块试验土地与1块贫瘠裸露土地作为对照,试验植物吸收处理废旧电池的重金属污染的掩埋方法。文章介绍了将废旧电池内部的糊状物分别掩埋在小叶黄杨,八角金盘和贫瘠裸露土地3块试验土中,选用电池内部含量较多的 Zn 等重金属元素为跟踪元素,经一定时间后分析土壤中重金属元素的残留量。测定结果发现,小叶黄杨能很好地吸收掩埋入土的重金属元素,而八角金盘则对重金属没有明显的吸收作用。     

Amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein levels and prenatal diagnosis of autosomal trisomies

Pregnancies with fetal trisomy 21 have been associated with low amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein levels (AFAFP). This observation led to the suggestion that low AFAFP levels be used as a criterion for completion of a chromosomal analysis in patients who are not otherwise at increased risk for a fetal chromosome abnormality and in whom karyotyping might not have been completed for economic reasons. In order to assess the usefulness of such criteria, we reviewed the AFAFP levels of 90 cases of fetal trisomy 21, 23 cases of trisomy 18, and 10 cases of trisomy 13. These were compared with 2400 control samples with normal chromosome constitution. AFAFP levels were generally lower in pregnancies with trisomy 21, showing a median value of 0·72 MoM. However, 40 per cent of the trisomy 21 samples had AFAFP values greater than 0·8 MoM and 20 per cent were over 1·0 MoM. These data imply that over 50 per cent of Down syndrome cases might have been missed using a cut-off level of 0·70 MoM for completion of chromosome analysis. Using a higher cut-off level will leave only a small percentage of samples unkaryotyped. The distribution of AFP levels in trisomy 13 and 18 is no different from controls; we therefore believe that fetal karyotyping should be completed in every amniotic fluid sample obtained.     

推行清洁生产 走持续发展之路

江苏油田试采一厂采油七队用清洁生产的观点，规范管理，在推行清洁生产中摸索经验，提出油田实施清洁生产的建议，取得了良好的环境效益和经济效益。