热解析-固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定空气样品中挥发性有机化合物

建立了热解析-固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定空气样品中挥发性有机化合物的分析方法,并对色谱分离条件、玻璃针筒保存样品的稳定性、固相微萃取萃取纤维、萃取时间、色谱进样时间等条件进行了优化,9种挥发性有机化合物的峰面积与其质量浓度在所测范围内有较好的线性关系,相对标准偏差＜8.8%,检出限为0.05～0.75 μg/100 mL,满足实际空气样品测定需要。     

复合式膜生物反应器处理高浓度氨氮废水可行性试验

试验结果表明,以甲壳素为载体的复合式膜生物反应器,在进水氨氮浓度为2100mg/L,氨氮容积负荷为2.19kg/(m3.d)时,氨氮去除率接近100%,系统运行稳定。载体投加量为2.778g/L时,膜通量可维持在87%左右。     

大连城市环境评价与城市发展定量研究

通过对大连城市环境系统的考察,设立了完整的评价指标体系,运用模糊优选理论建立模糊评价模型,对大连城市环境进行了定量研究,并结合经济和城市化情况进行了分析。研究结果表明:城市环境质量总体上是在逐年提高的,但从2002年以来发展较为平缓。经济和城市化情况有较大发展,但仍有不足之处。     

隔油沉淀-预曝调节-接触氧化-气浮工艺处理屠宰加工废水

对屠宰加工过程中产生的中高浓度有机废水采用预曝调节-接触氧化-气浮工艺进行处理。当进水COD浓度为980~1200mg/L时,出水COD浓度可降至76.1~104mg/L,优于国家《肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准》(GB13457-92)二级标准,此工艺的抗冲击负荷能力较强,适应于间歇性生产和季节性生产的屠宰加工企业。     

好氧-缺氧一体化高效分离生物流化复合反应器

鉴于污水处理中对氮、磷去除率的要求和内循环三相生物流化床反应器存在的一些不足,为此,设计开发了一种好氧-缺氧一体化高效分离生物流化复合反应器。该反应器对好氧循环流化区采用了独特的分格结构,当反应器处理规模增大时,在不增加反应器总体高度的基础上,保证了循环流化区的高径比。循环流化反应器与高效气浮分离反应器的耦合,克服了循环流化床以沉淀原理为基础的固液分离效果不佳的状况,既可以保证出水水质,又可以实现反应器的一体化。通过气体提升方式实现了好氧出水回流,使该种反应器能够实现脱氮和部分除磷的目的。该反应器处理生活污水的初步试验结果表明它具有很好的抗冲击负荷和去除有机物的性能。     

改进的灰色关联投影法在大气环境质量评价中的应用

大气环境质量评价具有多指标的特点,且各指标的属性、重要程度和可比性都不相同,使得方案比选具有明显的不确定性。通过采用适应不同环境的分辨系数和基于信息熵的权重计算,来改进灰色关联投影方法,使得大气环境质量评价更加客观、公正和准确。最后用实例论证该方法是有效可行的。     

Distribution and transport characteristics of fine particulate matter in beijing with mobile lidar measurements from 2015 to 2018

Accurately quantifying the concentration and transport flux of atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM_2.5) is vital when attempting to thoroughly identify the pollution formation mechanism.In this study,the mobile lidar measurements in Beijing on heavily polluted days in December from 2015 to 2018 are presented.The lidar was mounted on a vehicle,which could perform measurements along designated routes.On the basis of mobile lidar measurements along closed circuits of the 6 th Ring Road...     

Investigation of PM2.5 pollution during COVID-19 pandemic in Guangzhou, China

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness about various environmental issues,including PM_2.5 pollution.Here,PM_2.5 pollution during the COVID-19 lockdown was traced and analyzed to clarify the sources and factors influencing PM_2.5 in Guangzhou,with an emphasis on heavy pollution.The lockdown led to large reductions in industrial and traffic emissions,which significantly reduced PM_2.5 concentrations in Guangzhou.Interestingly,the trend of PM_2.5     

A statistic comparison of multi-element analysis of low atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) using different spectroscopy techniques

Over the past few decades, the metal elements(MEs) in atmospheric particles have aroused great attention. Some well-established techniques have been used to measure particlebound MEs. However, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of complexity, accuracy, and specific elements of interest. In this study, the performances of inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES) and total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(TXRF) were evaluated for qualit...     

城市污水雌激素活性研究进展——毒性评估、致毒物解析及毒性削减

城市污水成分复杂,含有多种有毒有害物质,使其能对生物体产生各种不良生物效应,其中,内分泌干扰物,尤其是雌激素类物质以及具有雌激素活性的污染物,因能影响生物的生殖系统并造成受纳水体鱼类性别转变等危害而备受关注,城市污水的雌激素活性也一直是污水处理领域的研究热点.当前,城市污水回用是缓解全球水资源危机的重要途径之一,在此背...