Facile fabrication of highly catalytic-active Ag2CO3/AgBr/graphene oxide ternary composites towards the photocatalytic wastewater treatment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Ag2CO3/AgBr/graphene oxide (Ag2CO3/AgBr/GO) ternary composites with different percentages of GO were fabricated by a facile co-precipitation strategy....     

煤质活性炭腐殖酸吸附性能研究

本文对不同工艺生产的煤质活性炭进行了腐殖酸吸附性能动态和静态试验研究。结果表明：不同工艺生产的煤质活性炭腐殖酸吸附值（动态）有较大差异，柱状炭0．16mg／g左右，破碎炭0．40～0．63mg/g．其中压块破碎炭为最高；静态吸附条件下，腐殖酸吸附率差异不大，各类炭均大于70％。     

Hydrophobic calcium carbonate: an option for the value-added conversion of wastes resulting from biodiesel production

High production cost is the key issue of biodiesel industry nowadays. To low down the cost, using low-quality lipids feedstock is the most effective way. Two-step process is vastly applied to deal with those low-quality lipids to produce biodiesel. However, environmentally unfriendly wastes are formed during the process. Here we use calcium oxide residue and wastewater from biodiesel production to produce nanostructured calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) by carbonation at ambient temperature. The results show that CaCO₃ is hydrophobic and has broccoli-like morphology. It is made up of many uniform nano-rods, and each rod is composed of smaller particles with diameters about 50 nm. The idea of wastes utilization could make the biodiesel production process environmentally friendly, and the income of the produced CaCO₃ could further low down the cost of biodiesel production.     

适合我国国情的烟气脱硫技术探讨

本文总结了几种在国内燃煤电厂主要应用开发的脱硫技术,并对不同烟气脱硫技术的主要特点、示范工程及其优缺点作了简单评述。在此基础上,结合我国环境政策分析了发展脱硫技术的关键问题,对未来我国火电厂烟气脱硫技术的发展提出了建议。     

浮游球衣菌对Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+的吸附性能研究

研究了浮游球衣菌（Sphaerotilus natans）在不同吸附条件下对溶液中Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Zn^2＋、Cd^2＋的吸附规律。结果表明,Sphaerotilus natans对这4种重金属离子均有一定的吸附作用,并在20min内达到吸附平衡,pH对吸附过程影响较大,pH为5.5时Sphaerotilus natans对这4种金属离子的吸附效果最好,Sphaerotilus natans对它们的吸附选择性为Pb^2＋〉Cu^2＋〉Zn^2＋〉Cd^2＋,Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋能部分置换出已被菌体吸附的Zn^2＋、Cd^2＋。HCI和EDTA溶液可有效地将金属离子从菌体上解吸下来,解吸后的菌体可重复使用。     

低污染的危险废物焚烧技术研究

目前危险废物焚烧中产生的污染物主要通过尾气处理去除 ,本文认为尾气处理应与通过控制焚烧条件减少尾气中污染物的原始浓度相结合 ,以减少后续处理设备的投资。本文主要讨论了控制危险废物焚烧中主要污染物颗粒物、氯化氢、SOx、NOx、二的焚烧技术     

灾难预警管理系统下的志愿者角色

志愿者，是一个没有国界的名称，指不受私人得益的驱使、不受法律强制，是基于某种道义、信念、良知、同情心和责任感，为改进社会而提供服务、贡献个人的时间、才能及精神，而从事社会公益事业的人或人群。志愿服务是自愿的、不计报酬、为推动人类发展和促进社会进步而进行的个体或集体的活动，也是个人表达其对人类和社会爱心与责任感的一种方式。在当今世界，     

Toward better understanding vacuum ultraviolet–iodide induced photolysis via hydrogen peroxide formation,iodine species change,and difluoroacetic acid degradation

• UV/VUV/I^– induces substantial H₂O₂ and IO₃^– formation, but UV/I^– does not. • Increasing DO level in water enhances H₂O₂ and iodate productions. • Increasing pH decreases H₂O₂ and iodate formation and also photo-oxidation. • The redox potentials of UV/VUV/I^– and UV/VUV changes with pH changes. • The treatability of the UV/VUV/I^– process was stronger than UV/VUV at pH 11.0. Recently, a photochemical process induced by ultraviolet (UV), vacuum UV (VUV), and iodide (I^–) has gained attention for its robust potential for contaminant degradation. However, the mechanisms behind this process remain unclear because both oxidizing and reducing reactants are likely generated. To better understand this process, this study examined the evolutions of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and iodine species (i.e., iodide, iodate, and triiodide) during the UV/VUV/I^– process under varying pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions. Results show that increasing DO in water enhanced H₂O₂ and iodate production, suggesting that high DO favors the formation of oxidizing species. In contrast, increasing pH (from 6.0 to 11.0) resulted in lower H₂O₂ and iodate formation, indicating that there was a decrease of oxidative capacity for the UV/VUV/I^– process. In addition, difluoroacetic acid (DFAA) was used as an exemplar contaminant to verify above observations. Although its degradation kinetics did not follow a constant trend as pH increases, the relative importance of mineralization appeared declining, suggesting that there was a redox transition from an oxidizing environment to a reducing environment as pH rises. The treatability of the UV/VUV/I^– process was stronger than UV/VUV under pH of 11.0, while UV/VUV process presented a better performance at pH lower than 11.0.     

电动汽车车内磁场强度曝露水平监测与分析

针对公众关注的电动汽车运行时车内电磁辐射的影响水平,选取国内外主流车企不同车型的纯电动汽车20辆,利用改进的监测系统开展了不同型号的电动汽车运行时不同工况、座椅、点位的低频磁场监测,同时获取时域和频域数据,了解车内磁场强度水平及频谱的变化及分布规律。通过SPSS软件对监测数据进行了单因素方差分析、相关性分析等统计分析,并对监测数据进行了分类数值统计,对频域数据进行了散点图和频点测值对标分析等。分析发现,车内电磁辐射频率主要集中在100 kHz以下;不同运行工况对电动汽车车内磁场强度的影响显著,加、减速时车内磁场强度最高,怠速时最低,匀速时随着速度提升,磁场强度随之增大;车内不同座椅的磁场曝露水平基本一致,但同一座椅自下而上磁场强度依次递减。     

Ru(III) catalyzed permanganate oxidation of aniline at environmentally relevant pH

Ru（Ⅲ） was employed as catalyst for aniline oxidation by permanganate at environmentally relevant pH for the first time. Ru（Ⅲ） could significantly improve the oxidation rate of aniline by 5-24 times with its concentration increasing from 2.5 to 15 μmol/L. The reaction of Ru（Ⅲ） catalyzed permanganate oxidation of aniline was first-order with respect to aniline, permanganate and Ru（Ⅲ）, respectively. Thus the oxidation kinetics can be described by a third-order rate law. Aniline degradation by Ru（Ⅲ） catalyzed permanganate oxidation was markedly influenced by pH, and the second-order rate constant （ktapp） decreased from 643.20 to 2.67 （mol/L）^-1 sec^-1 with increasing pH from 4.0 to 9.0, which was possibly due to the decrease of permanganate oxidation potential with increasing pH. In both the uncatalytic and catalytic permanganate oxidation, six byproducts of aniline were identified in UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Ru（Ⅲ）, as an electron shuttle, was oxidized by permanganate to Ru（Ⅵ） and Ru（Ⅶ）, which acted the co-oxidants for decomposition of aniline. Although Ru（Ⅲ） could catalyze permanganate oxidation of aniline effectively, dosing homogeneous Ru（Ⅲ） into water would lead to a second pollution. Therefore, efforts would be made to investigate the catalytic performance of supported Ru（Ⅲ） toward permanganate oxidation in our future study.