水生植物在河道生态修复工程中应用研究

近年来,随着水体修复技术的不断进步和创新,水生植物在河道生态修复工程中得到快速发展及广泛的应用。作为河道水体生态修复技术的重要组成部分,水生植物能否成功应用,往往是整个工程成败的关键。基于已往工程实践经验的总结以及工程实践应用的角度,文章论述了在河道生态修复工程中,水生植物的设计、施工和后期维护管理的技术要点和注意事项,对于水生植物在河道生态修复工程中的应用有一定指导意义。     

土壤镍污染植物修复的研究概况

随着工业、农业活动的发展,重金属镍污染已引起国内外广泛关注。生物体内积累过量的镍会导致细胞结构和生理过程发生改变,从而阻滞生长发育,对动、植物造成不良影响。植物修复是近年来治理土壤重金属污染的重要手段之一,治理镍污染土壤的主要植物修复方法有植物吸收、植物提取、植物根系过滤和植物-微生物联合修复。而对镍超富集植物收获物的处理方法目前采用多种传统方法的复合工艺,除了克服传统方法的缺点,还能对镍加以回收,提高了资源利用化。     

长沙市光污染的公众主观调查方案设计与结果分析研究

过度照明、不适宜的照明分布可能给居民带来身体和精神上的不适。本文对长沙市六个典型光污染源周围居民开展公众主观调查,主要调查公众对光污染的认识、所受光污染影响的程度以及受到光污染影响时的感觉、态度与采取措施等。调查发现：超过九成五的受访者认为长沙存在光污染,且半数受访者认为在El常生活中受到光污染影响,大多数受访者认为光污染导致的影响是金钱无法弥补的。     

Characterization of heavy metal desorption from road-deposited sediment under acid rain scenarios

Road-deposited sediments(RDS) on urban impervious surfaces are important carriers of heavy metals.Dissolved heavy metals that come from RDS influenced by acid rain,are more harmful to urban receiving water than particulate parts.RDS and its associated heavy metals were investigated at typical functional areas,including industrial,commercial and residential sites,in Guangdong,Southern China,which was an acid rain sensitive area.Total and dissolved heavy metals in five particle size fractions were analyzed using a shaking method under acid rain scenarios.Investigated heavy metals showed no difference in the proportion of dissolved fraction in the solution under different acid rain pHs above3.0,regardless of land use.Dissolved loading of heavy metals related to organic carbon content were different in runoff from main traffic roads of three land use types.Coarse particles(150 μm) that could be efficiently removed by conventional street sweepers,accounted for 55.1%-47.1%of the total dissolved metal loading in runoff with pH 3.0-5.6.The obtained findings provided a significant scientific basis to understand heavy metal release and influence of RDS grain-size distribution and land use in dissolved heavy metal pollution affected by acid rain.     

Seasonal variations in the concentration and removal of nonylphenol ethoxylates from the wastewater of a sewage treatment plant

In this study, we investigated the occurrence and fate of nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO) and nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) in a full scale sewage treatment plant, which applied an Anaerobic/Oxic process. Concentrations of NP, NP1EO and NP2EO in the wastewater were measured during the period spanning a whole year. The results showed remarkable seasonal variation in the concentrations of the compounds. The NPnEO compounds were most abundant in winter, with the total concentrations of influent NP, NP1EO and NP2EO ranging from 3900 to 7000 ng/L, 4000 to 4800 ng/L and 5200 to 7200 ng/L, respectively. Regarding the total removal efficiencies of the three types of short-chain NPnEO compounds, different trends were exhibited according to different seasons. The average removal efficiency of NP for the different seasons ranked as follows: winter > summer > autumn > spring; NP2EO concentrations decreased as follows: summer > autumn > winter > spring, while NP1EO concentrations reduced according to: spring > summer > autumn > winter. We also investigated the contribution ratio of individual treatment units in the A/O process, with the findings suggesting that the anaerobic treatment unit plays an important role in the elimination of short-chain NPnEOs from the wastewater.     

广州市工业低碳化转型升级研究

利用系统动力学模型,结合情景分析法,对广州市2012年-2020年工业二氧化碳排放产生量进行模拟预测.通过调整广州市产业结构、科技投入水平、能源结构三个影响因子,设置三种情景模式,并模拟预测广州市工业二氧化碳排放量情况,通过对比分析发现三种情景都不能达到广州市2020年减排目标,在此基础上,结合广州市工业发展的实际情况,进一步调整三个影响因子参数,提出适合广州市工业发展的调整情景模式,从而根据研究提出广州市工业低碳化转型升级的对策措施及实施路径.     

脉冲袋式除尘器的阻力分析

分析了脉冲袋式除尘器阻力的构成及分布,提出了降低袋式除尘器阻力的途径和要点,并阐述了袋式除尘器节能的根本措施。     

城市化趋向与我国城市可持续发展的现实选择

城市化是人类生产和生活方式由乡村型向城市型转化的历史进程，表现为乡村人口向城市人口转化以及城市不断发展完善的过程。城市化有阶段性，集聚扩散性、不平衡性和与工业化的互动性等基本规律，表现为同步城市化、过度城市化和滞后城市化模式，呈现多元化、集群化、国际化、网络化、生态化和逆城市化趋势。根据这些基本理论和现实情况，作者提出了加快中国城市化，实现城市可持续发展的六项政策建议。