Bronchial Rn dose survey for residences

The bronchial dosimeter for Rn progeny proposed by Yu and Guan in 1998 was employed to survey the bronchial dose from Rn progeny in 30 residences in Hong Kong. An average bronchial deposition fraction of Rn progeny was obtained as 0.0334, which gave an average dose conversion factor (DCF) of 8.5 mSv WLM-1. The mean values of potential alpha energy concentration (PAEC) deposited in the tracheobronchial region (PAECT-B), total PAEC in air (PAECT), annual effective dose (E), concentration of Rn gas (RC) and annual dose conversion factor (ADCF) for all the residential sites combined were 0.11 +/- 0.05, 3.1 +/- 1.4 mWL, 1.2 +/- 0.5 mSv yr-1, 23 +/- 10 Bq m-3 and 0.055 +/- 0.020 (mSv yr-1 per Bqm-3), respectively, with air-conditioned sites (AC sites) and non-AC sites having significantly different mean ADCF values. The indoor relative humidity affected PAECT and RC with high confidence levels (> 95%).     

中国沿海开放地区工业污染控制的探讨

在环境保护工作由污染问题治现向清洁生产转变过程中，中国沿海开放地区、外资，合资、集体和个体企业在其工业结构中所占比重较大，且要求有良好投资环境，当前控制工业污染，须按社会主义市场经济规律征收资源费和排污费，同时要加强环境规划，建立环境管理系统，有效调工业污原杂源，为保证受损环境得以恢复，须加强环境建设和环境投资。     

三峡库区消落带湿地生态过程及生态安全分析—以开县澎溪河湿地自然保护区为例

三峡库区的生态安全与长江中下游的生态环境问题有着直接关系,同时也涉及整个长江流域的可持续发展。本文从库区蓄水后形成的消落带湿地入手,对三峡库区的国土安全、水安全和生物安全等进行分析。基于以上研究,本文提出一些建议,促使消落带湿地的保护及三峡库区生态安全得以保障。     

高速发展下的丽江旅游产业与水资源环境影响分析

贯穿全城的清澈灵动的水系给丽江带来了别有的韵味,也是所有到过丽江的国内外游客对这个旅游城市至为深刻的印象之一。水资源环境是丽江世界文化遗产及生态地质环境的重要组成部分。本文对丽江的水资源环境与旅游发展进行了辨证分析。通过强化水资源保护与管理,加强综合治理和水环境教育等手段,以协调水资源供需矛盾,有效保护丽江的水资源环境,促进旅游事业与水资源环境之间的和谐发展,为丽江古城世界文化遗产地的可持续发展提供保证。     

Spatial and seasonal variations in bacterial communities of the Yellow Sea by T-RFLP analysis

Four typical coastal sites (rocky shore, sandy shore, mud flat shore, and artificial harbor) at the Yellow Sea were chosen to investigate the spatial and seasonal variations in bacterial communities. This was accomplished by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of PCR amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Two kinds of tetrameric restriction enzymes, HhaI and MspI, were used in the experiment to depict the bacterial community diversity in different marine environments. It was found that the community compositions digested by the two enzymes separately were different. However, the results of bacterial community diversity derived from them were similar. The MDA analysis results of T-RFLP profiles coming from HhaI and MspI both exhibited a significant seasonal community shift for bacteria and a relatively low spatial variation among the four locations. With HhaI as the sample, the pair wise T-tests also revealed that variations were minor between each pair of marine environments, with R ranging from 0.198 to 0.349. However, the bacterial community structure in the mud flat site depicted a larger difference than each of the other three sites (R ranging from 0.282 to 0.349).     

汶川地震北川县城地表断层破裂特征

2008年5月12日四川省汶川8.0级地震是由于青藏高原的挤压应力在龙门山断裂集中释放.北川位于龙门山断裂的北段,野外考察结果表明,在主断裂方向北川县城可观测到两条断裂,并且产生了明显的地表破裂,走向均为北东30°～50°,主断裂方向地表破裂约10 km,具有明显挤压逆断层特征,上盘以60°～80°高角度向北东逆冲,断层垂直位移量3～4m,水平位移量0～2 m.主断裂的地表破裂集中位于两个地层的不整合面上,上盘为寒武系细砂岩、砂页岩,下盘为泥盆系白云岩、白云质灰岩.另外在北川县城北部发现次级断裂一条,走向北西30°,地表破裂长度约4 km,表现为正断层特征.这些破裂都直接或间接受地下深部构造的控制.     

硅铁炉生产工艺及烟气处理

硅铁电炉目前应用比较广泛,分析硅铁的生产工艺和烟气处理不仅是完成节能减排的需要,也是保护环境的重要手段。     

内蒙古自治区应急监测预警体系建设思路

随着内蒙古自治区经济的飞速发展,带来了一系列的环境风险问题。自治区也应该建立与之相配套的应急监测预警体系,本文着重介绍了该体系建设的相关内容。     

基于污染物总量控制的流域预警体系构建研究

文章通过对中国目前水环境质量现状分析,指出流域环境预警体系建立的必要性,并选择总量控制指标作为预警体系的评价指标。利用层次分析法建立基于污染物总量控制的流域预警体系,确定预警因子的权重和评分标准。设立临界状态,不良状态预警、缓慢恶化预警和迅速恶化预警4个级别,为建立流域环境质量预警体系提供借鉴。     

Tolerance and biosorption of copper （Cu） and lead （Pb） by filamentous fungi isolated from a freshwater ecosystem

Filamentous fungi are able to accumulate significant amount of metals from their environment. The potential of fungal biomass as agents for biosorption of heavy metals from contaminated sediments is currently receiving attention. In the present study, a total of 41 isolates of filamentous fungi obtained from the sediment of the Langat River, Selangor, Malaysia were screened for their tolerance and uptake capability of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). The isolates were identified as Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Trichoderma asperellum, Penicillium simplicissimum and P. janthinellum. A. niger and P. simplicissimum, were able to survive at 1000 mg/L of Cu(II) concentration on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) while for Pb, only A. niger survived at 5000 mg/L concentration. The results showed that A. niger, P. simplicissimum and T. asperellum have a better uptake capacity for Pb compared to Cu and the findings indicated promising biosorption of Cu and Pb by these filamentous fungi from aqueous solution. The present study was also determined the maximum removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) that was performed by A. niger. The metal removal which occurred at Cu(II) 200 mg/L was (20.910 0.581) mg/g and at 250 mg/L of Pb(II) was (54.046 0.328) mg/g.