Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plasma technology finds applications in many industrial areas. To improve the process efficiency, different plasma forming gases and their mixtures... 相似文献
Nylon bags containing yellow leaves of Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marina, were immersed for 80 days from August to October, 1996. the decomposing leaves were collected every 10 days and analysed for dry weight loss and six biochemical parameters: tannins, total amino acids, total sugars, total nitrogen, total lipids and fatty acid profile. the leaf weight initially decreased very rapidly by about 50% of the start in two species of mangroves within 10 days. Similar changes were observed with tannins, total amino acids and sugars. However, the concentration of nitrogen increased significantly with decomposition. There was no significant change in total lipid and fatty acid profile. the highest concentration of fatty acid in the decomposing leaves was palmitic acid (16:0). Unsaturated fatty acids such as, 18:1 w7c and 18:1 w9c were found to be present in decomposing leaves of both species. 相似文献
The use of nanomaterials in industrial sectors is currently widely accepted because of their unique beneficial properties. However, those unique properties can also induce toxic effects. Toxicity responses are induced by kinetic, dynamic, and catalytic properties, and by functionalization, net particle reactivity, agglomeration, and functional environment. Here, we review nanomaterial applications in food and consumer industries, genotoxic mechanisms, methods to study nanomaterials, and factors of toxicity. 相似文献
Chlorinated pollutants are transported through atmosphere. India is one of the point source countries for these pollutants [1]. In this study the concentration of DDT and HCH were evaluated in air from a tropical coastal environmental (at Parangipettai--southeast coast of India). DDT and HCH ranged in concentrations from 0.16 to 5.93 ng m-3 and 1.45 to 35.6 ng m-3 respectively. The ban on DDT in agriculture is reflected from the low residue levels recorded, predominantly by metabolites other than the parent compounds. 相似文献
In recent years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted considerable interest in the field of food, agriculture and pharmaceuticals mainly due to its antibacterial activity. AgNPs have also been reported to possess toxic behavior. The toxicological behavior of nanomaterials largely depends on its size and shape which ultimately depend on synthetic protocol. A systematic and detailed analysis for size variation of AgNP by thermal co-reduction approach and its efficacy toward microbial and cellular toxicological behavior is presented here. With the focus to explore the size-dependent toxicological variation, two different-sized NPs have been synthesized, i.e., 60 nm (Ag60) and 85 nm (Ag85). A detailed microbial toxicological evaluation has been performed by analyzing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ), growth kinetics (GrK), and death kinetics (DeK). Comparative cytotoxicological behavior was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. It has been concluded by this study that the size of AgNPs can be varied, by varying the concentration of reactants and temperature called as “thermal co-reduction” approach, which is one of the suitable approaches to meet the same. Also, the smaller AgNP has shown more microbial and cellular toxicity. 相似文献
The heavy metal concentrations in water and sediment samples were investigated in the tropical Muthupet mangrove ecosystem, southeast coast of India. The results demonstrated that, ranges of metals in water comprise of Cd—0.05 to 3.72; Cu—0.5 to 4.43; Pb—6.31 to 17.87; Zn—0.0 to12.91 ppm and sediment comprises of Cd—0.06 to 0.57; Cu—4.46 to 20.59; Pb—2.90 to 21.35; Zn—4.41 to 39.18 ppm. In all the three sites, heavy metals in sediment exhibited significant higher concentrations compared to water, except Cd. The spatial distribution of metals in water and sediment samples followed a similar pattern except Cd with the preponderance of Zn (75% of total metals) followed by Cu and Pb. Muller’s Geoaccumulation indexes (Igeo) showed Cd is a potent pollutant in the ecosystem and moderately contaminated the study area. The aquaculture and agricultural culture practices follow improper disposal of municipal wastages, and idol immersion activities are the potent metallic sources for heavy metal pollution were identified by performing principle component analysis. In order to protect the ecosystem from further contamination, regular monitoring is needed to in order to control the anthropogenic discharges.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To investigate the solar air heater’s (SAH) effectiveness, experiments are conducted using flat plate and artificially roughened plate in terms... 相似文献
A rapid approach based on two-dimensional DNA gel electrophroesis (2-DGE) mapping with selective primer pairs was employed to analyze bacterial community structure in sediments from upstream, midstream and downstream of Sagami River in Japan. The 2-DGE maps indicated that Alpha- and Delta-proteobacteria were major bacterial populations in the upstream and midstream sediments. Further bacterial community structure analysis showed that richness proportion of Alpha- and Delta-proteobacterial groups reflected a trend toward decreasing from the upstream to downstream sediments. The biomass proportion of bacterial populations in the midstream sediment showed a significantly difference from that in the other sediments, suggesting that there may be an environmental pressure on the midstream bacterial community. Lorenz curves, together with Gini coefficients were successfully applied to the 2-DGE mapping data for resolving evenness of bacterial populations, and showed that the plotted curve from high-resolution 2-DGE mapping became less linear and more an exponential function than that of the 1-DGE methods such as chain length analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, suggesting that the 2-DGE mapping may achieve a more detailed evaluation of bacterial community. In conclusion, the 2-DGE mapping combined with the selective primer pairs enables bacterial community structure analysis in river sediment and thus it can also monitor sediment pollution based on the change of bacterial community structure. 相似文献