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31.
Bosch J 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2002,89(12):575-578
Female midwife toads (genus Alytes) emit highly variable reciprocal calls of unclear function prior to and during courtship. In some species, female-female competition, expressed as physical fighting, has been reported. Males of Majorcan midwife toads (Alytes muletensis) show phonotactic response to female calls, and females of Iberian midwife toads (Alytes cisternasii) respond differently according to the male call characteristics. In this study, I test the hypothesis of female-female acoustic competition as an additional function of female reciprocal calls. Playback tests indicate that female calls are not clearly involved in female acoustic competition in the Iberian midwife toad, therefore female calls could be directed at males rather than towards competitive females. 相似文献
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33.
西部大开发中,就如何提高内蒙古自治区环境科技和环境监测工作质量和效能的问题,本文围绕在工作定位,工作重点及实施措施等方面进行了探讨,供同仁们讨论。 相似文献
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Gamergates (i.e. mated reproductive workers) are mostly known from ant species within the Ponerinae. We report here the discovery of gamergates in two species of the subfamily Myrmicinae. Until now, mated reproductive females in colonies of myrmicine species have been considered morphologically distinct from the worker caste. However, in two species of the myrmicine Metapone (Metapone madagascarica and a newly discovered, not yet described Metapone species) all workers have six ovarioles and a spermatheca; and some of them are mated. There are no morphological differences between mated and non-mated workers. Field observations and laboratory studies indicate that colonies of the Metapone species can reproduce with gamergates only. 相似文献
36.
Although amphibians are highly vocal, they generally emit only a limited number of acoustic communication signals. We report here the extraordinarily rich vocal repertoire of Amolops tormotus, a ranid species in China. These frogs produce countless vocalizations, some of which share features of birdsong or primate calls, e.g., ultrasonic frequency components, multiple upward and downward FM sweeps, and sudden onset and offset of selective harmonic components within a call note. Frame-by-frame video analysis of the frog's calling behavior suggests the presence of two pairs of vocal sacs that may contribute to the remarkable call-note complexity in this species. Electronic supplementary material to this paper can be obtained by using the Springer LINK server located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-002-0335-x. 相似文献
37.
Aysen Müezzinoğlu Tolga Elbir Abdurrahman Bayram 《Environmental Engineering and Policy》1998,1(2):109-116
In this study, an inventory of air pollutant emission estimates from major air polluting sources in Turkey for period between 1985 and 2005 with 5-year intervals were estimated. Inventory covers anthropogenic sources of five major air pollutants of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and non-methane volatile organic compounds. Their break-down with respect to main activity sectors were shown and their distribution by the largest industrial source categories were worked out as annual estimates. This inventory and its analysis point to serious environmental implications of air pollutants and a need to develop a policy plan for reducing these emissions. 相似文献
38.
Independent teams undertook environmental monitoring of particular concentrations of major construction projects forming part of Hong Kong’s U.S. $20 billion airport infrastructure programme located in dense urban areas. The team combination of environmental specialists with experienced civil engineers enabled pragmatic mitigation measures to be developed and accepted by the construction personnel with the result that potentially significant adverse impacts were averted. The authors discuss the mechanism and success of this innovative approach. 相似文献
39.
产品生命周期环境成本核算实例研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
针对项目层次环境成本核算技术存在的2大缺陷,构建了产品生命周期环境成本核算模型。以红矾钠产品生命周期为例,通过企业的实地调查,以直接计算法、费用当量法进行拟合,得到了红矾钠产品(产量2.28万t/a)生命周期环境成本为,直接计算法:5084.48万元;费用当量法:4941.43万元。分析了环境成本核算对可持续发展决策和管理的作用和意义。 相似文献
40.
土地退化方法应用初步研究——以闽西沙县东溪流域为例 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
综合运用137Cs、土壤磁测等新技术手段,结合土壤结构水稳性、CEC等部分土壤理化指标,对闽西沙县东溪流域坡地不同部位的土地退化特征进行初步的定量研究,结果表明:①土壤中137Cs含量与坡度呈很强的对数关系(R=-083),表明土地退化随坡度的增加而加剧;②土壤表层磁化率富集系数与坡度呈较强的对数关系(R=-063),表明土地退化随坡度的增加而加剧;③不同地貌部位以及不同的土地利用类型之间,其土壤部分理化指标,在不同的显著性水平上,呈现一定的退化特征。 相似文献