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Förster M Helms Y Herberg A Köppen A Kunzmann K Radtke D Ross L Itzerott S 《Environmental management》2008,41(4):584-598
The use of renewable energy in Europe offers the possibility of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and contributes to energy
security and independence. With the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and a variety of recently introduced national
directives supporting renewable energy sources in the European Union, the economic attractiveness of bioenergy production
has distinctly increased. This article combines an economic evaluation of biomass production with site-related natural conditions
of the Havelland region, situated in the north-east area of Germany. Two methods for evaluating site-specific potential biomass
yields were compared. For three example biomass crops, evaluations of yield estimations at agricultural lots for site-optimized
suitability (SOS) and conventional suitability (CS) were carried out. Both modelling approaches were compared. The results
of the GIS modelling indicate that the financial support for increasing the use of renewable energy with the German feed-in
system, called Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG), will possibly lead to an increased cultivation of crops with high biomass
output. This monocultural orientation of farming practices and the negative effects on the ecosystem could act in opposition
to other environmental initiatives of the EU. The outputs of the SOS analysis show that high biomass production could be integrated
into environmental policy proposals. Therefore, new EU policy should take modified subsidies into consideration in order to
avoid developing conflicts between small-scale changes in landscape ecosystems caused by large-scale transformations in energy
policy. 相似文献
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Robert Preusche Sibylle Böhlmann Holger Ecke Uwe Gampe 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2011
Air leakages compromise the CO2 capture rate and auxiliary power consumption of oxyfuel power plants. Constructive measures can significantly improve the leakage rate in newly built plants. However, the mitigation of increasing leakage rates during the plant lifetime is crucial for high plant efficiency. In this paper, we apply three statistical methods on experimental process data gathered in an air leakage test in Vattenfall's Oxyfuel Pilot Plant in Schwarze Pumpe, Germany. The performance of the methods in identifying increasing leakage rates and localizing the leakage source is investigated. It was found that all three methods can identify and localize even small increases of the leakage rate. A combination of all three methods allows taking advantage of the individual features of each method. Additional installation of CO2, O2, H2O, and SO2 measurements in the oxidizer can considerably enhance localization performance. Finally, it is shown that the results can be transferred to commercial-scale oxyfuel pilot plants by generating training data with thermodynamic plant models. 相似文献