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201.
Sharma Urvashi Khan Adeeba Dutta Venkatesh 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(11):16015-16037
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Groundwater is the major primary source of drinking and irrigation water for nearly 500 million inhabitants in both rural and urban areas of the Ganga... 相似文献
202.
Malaviya P Sharma A 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(3):385-389
A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of untreated distillery effluent on yield attributes of gobi sarson (Brassica napus. L. var. Punjabi Special) at different effluent concentrations. The effluent showed unpleasant odour, acidic pH, high COD and high chlorides. Five concentrations of the distillery effluent (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) were used for irrigation of B. napus plants with tap water as control. Various characteristics of siliqua (number of siliqua, average siliqua length, weight of siliqua) and seeds (number of seeds, weight of hundred seeds, economic yield) were quantified to check the variations in the yield attributes of effluent irrigated test plant. Overall, 20% distillery effluent was found to be most effective for highest number and better quality of siliqua (62.0 siliqua plant-1; weight of ten siliqua 1.21 g) and seeds (836.3 seeds plant-1; weight of 100 seeds 0.39 g), and increased yield (economic yield 2.85 g plant1; stover yield 7.85 g plant1) of the test plant. 相似文献
203.
Malaviya P Sharma A 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(1):91-94
The study has been focused on effect of untreated distillery effluent (Devans Breweries Ltd., Jammu) on germination of gobi sarson (Brassica napus. L. var. Punjabi Special). Six treatments (E0.... E100) each having three replicates were made. E0 was taken as control in which tap water was used for irrigation of the plants. For E20, E40, E60, E80 and E100, different concentrations i.e. 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of effluent were used for irrigation, respectively. The 100% sample of distillery effluent analyzed for various physicochemical parameters showed acidic nature (pH 4.0) and higher values of COD (2496 mg l(-1)), TDS (799.7 mg l(-1)) and chlorides (1408 mg l(-1)). The parameters e.g. percent germination, germination index, speed of germination, and peak value were highest in treatment receiving 20% effluent concentration which also showed minimum values for percent inhibition, germination period, and delay index. 相似文献
204.
Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to determine the effect of heavy metals viz. copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) on the different vital tissues of earthworm Eudrillus eugeniae such as head, gizzard, clitellum, and intestine after the worms were placed in municipal solid waste (MSW) substrate spiked with heavy metals in the concentration range of 0.05 g/kg to 1.0 g/kg of the waste for Cu, Cr, PB, and Zn and 0.05 g/kg for Cd. The experiments were conducted for 100 days with periodic observations and sample collection for investigation after every 10th day. Copper and lead metals were found to cause more deleterious effect in head, gizzard, and intestine. Chromium metal caused cellular damage to the intestinal region. In comparison, cadmium metal severity was more than copper, lead, and chromium metal. Zinc metal did not show deleterious effect on tissues. In general, earthworms can be used as biomarkers in toxicity studies related to heavy metals at cellular levels. 相似文献
205.
Studies on water quality of Sutlej River around Ludhiana with reference to physicochemical parameters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Water quality was determined in the different stretches of the river Sutlej (S1, S2, and S3) for a period of 1 year (November 2006 to October 2007). S1 was at Ropar Head Works, S2 at U/S of Budha Nallah at Phillaour, and S3 was D/S of Budha Nallah in district Ludhiana (Punjab). Relatively low values of TDS, turbidity, BOD, total alkalinity, total hardness, chlorides, nitrates, and phosphates were recorded at S1 and S2 as compared to S3. Heavy metals like Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni were detected at S2 and S3. On the basis of water quality standards given by Central Pollution Control Board, the water quality was at ??A?CB?? at S1, ??B?CC?? at S2, and ??D?CE?? at S3. For the computation of water quality rating and water quality index, nine parameters were considered. The mean values of these parameters were compared with WHO, ICMR, and ISI standards. The water quality index at stations S1, S2, and S3 was 32.84, 51.01, and 132.66, respectively. This clearly indicated that the river water at station S2 and S3 was found to be unsafe for human consumption. 相似文献
206.
207.
Upasna Sharma Anand Patwardhan 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2008,13(8):819-831
Differences in impacts of climate hazards across exposed units are determined by many factors including the severity of the
hazard itself, the population that is exposed to the hazard and the coping capacity of the exposed units to the hazard. Coping
capacity or adaptive capacity results from a combination of development status (generic capacity) and interventions pertinent
to the hazard (specific capacity). This paper explores the extent to which the generic adaptive capacity may explain the variation
in tropical cyclone impacts. Therefore this paper offers an empirical approach by which adaptive capacity may be measured
and validated against actual outcomes. Results not only validate the role of generic adaptive capacity in explaining variations
in impact but also reveal that general development indicators are not very important as far as predicting outcomes is concerned.
Those indicators of development that can be linked to the impact process are significant in explaining and predicting impact.
This can help identify those aspects of generic adaptive capacity which are important from the perspective of policy action
for enhancing adaptive capacity to a particular climate hazard.
相似文献
Anand PatwardhanEmail: |
208.
M.S. Srinath Apurbba Kumar Sharma Pradeep Kumar 《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2011,13(2):141-146
In the present work, microwave joining of stainless steel (SS-316) to mild steel (MS) in bulk form has been successfully carried out using a multimode applicator at 2.45 GHz and 900 W. Principles of hybrid heating were employed using a susceptor medium so as to initiate coupling of microwave with the metals. A nickel based metallic powder was used as a sandwich layer between the bulk pieces. Samples were exposed to microwave radiation in atmospheric conditions. Resulting joints were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer, microhardness tester and universal testing machine. Microstructure study showed the faying surfaces were well fused and got bonded on either side of the base material. Formation of cementite and metallic carbides were evidenced. The average observed Vickers’ microhardness of core of the joint area was observed to be 133 Hv with 0.58% porosity. The ultimate tensile strength of the joint was found to be 346.6 MPa with percentage elongation of 13.58%. Fractography reveals that the joints failed due to both shearing of the brittle carbides and oxides as well as due to plastic flow of the ductile matrix under tensile loading. 相似文献
209.
Dheeraj Gupta Prabhakar M. Bhovi Apurbba Kumar Sharma Sushanta Dutta 《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2012,14(3):243-249
The development of cladding through microwave radiation is recently explored and very few, initial studies were reported elsewhere. In order to explore more viability of process, (EWAC (Ni based) + 20% Cr23C6 powder) composite cladding has been developed on substrate austenitic stainless steel (SS-316). The experiments were conducted in domestic microwave oven and the clad of thickness, approximate 500 m has been developed by the exposure of microwave radiation at frequency 2.45 GHz for duration of 360 s. Typical clads cross sections of composite clads showed good metallurgical bonding with the substrate by partial dilution. The back scattered electron image of clad cross section showed the reinforced chromium carbide (Cr23C6) particles are uniformly distributed and well embedded in the Ni based matrix. The developed clad is free from visible solidification cracking and has significantly less porosity which is of the order of 0.90%. The XRD pattern of the developed clad showed the presence of FeNi3, NiSi and Cr23C6 phases. The average Vicker's microhardness of developed clad was observed as 425 ± 140 Hv. 相似文献
210.
Chubanaro Jamir Nitasha Sharma Asmita Sengupta N. H. Ravindranath 《Regional Environmental Change》2013,13(1):153-164
Certain parts of the State of Nagaland situated in the northeastern region of India have been experiencing rainfall deficit over the past few years leading to severe drought-like conditions, which is likely to be aggravated under a climate change scenario. The state has already incurred considerable losses in the agricultural sector. Regional vulnerability assessments need to be carried out in order to help policy makers and planners formulate and implement effective drought management strategies. The present study uses an ‘index-based approach’ to quantify the climate variability-induced vulnerability of farmers in five villages of Dimapur district, Nagaland. Indicators, which are reflective of the exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity of the farmers to drought, were quantified on the basis of primary data generated through household surveys and participatory rural appraisal supplemented by secondary data in order to calculate a composite vulnerability index. The composite vulnerability index of village New Showba was found to be the least, while Zutovi, the highest. The overall results reveal that biophysical characteristics contribute the most to overall vulnerability. Some potential adaptation strategies were also identified based on observations and discussions with the villagers. 相似文献