水生植物化感作用应急处置海洋赤潮和淡水水华

近年来,植物化感作用逐渐成为控制藻类暴发的一种新技术。根据国内外的研究成果,着重从水生植物化感作用、化感抑藻物质、应急处置藻类方法、海洋赤潮和淡水水华的应急处置及机理进行评述,并对该技术今后的发展予以展望。     

无井架附壁式爬模法在烟囱施工中的安全措施

附壁式爬模法在烟囱施工的安装、提升操作、高空拆除过程中的安全技术措施。     

防弹衣舒适性能改善设计

本文通过对防弹衣的改进研究,探讨了利用经编间隔织物对防弹装备舒适性提高的可行性。用经编间隔织物代替传统防弹衣里料（平纹机织布）,并制成成衣。通过红外热成像仪分别测试以经编间隔织物为里料的防弹衣的热湿传导性、透气散热性来探讨经编间隔织物对防弹衣的舒适性能的影响。实验结果表明：在相同测试条件下,以经编间隔织物为里料的防弹衣的热湿传导性能良好,透气散热性优于传统防弹衣1℃左右。因此经编间隔织物对提高防弹衣的舒适性能具有推动作用。本课题的研究意义在于为警用防弹衣的舒适性能提供理论参考,为警察或军队的作战能力提高做出更大的贡献。     

土壤中苯酚迁移转化的研究进展

近年来,由于污水灌溉和运输事故等原因造成土壤苯酚污染的事件多有发生,处理土壤苯酚污染已成为目前亟待解决的环境问题.本文根据土壤中苯酚的水运移,土壤颗粒对苯酚的吸附、土壤微生物对苯酚的降解、植物的吸收、苯酚的挥发等特性以及各种治理方法,提出土壤中苯酚污染的净化与修复措施.     

加强污染源监督监测实行污染物总量控制

分析了牡丹江市区重点水污染源监督监测现状，并指出在实施污染物排放总量控制过程中如何加强重点水污染源监督监测，要使监测数据具有代表性、准确性、完整性，水污染源采样是关键的环节。提出了对重点水污染源的监测方案和加强水污染监测切实可行的办法。     

燃气火焰中热力型NOx的生成与控制

燃气火焰中热力型ＮＯｘ以ＮＯ为主，以ＮＯ为主，燃烧温度对ＮＯ生成起决定作用，空气系数也主要通过改变燃烧温度影响ＮＯｘ生成。燃烧温度大于１８００Ｋ时，有较多ＮＯ生成。降低燃烧温度与保持高效燃烧相协调是控制ＮＯｘ生成的关键。     

环保政务公开中监测信息的应用

环保政务公开中 ,环境监测信息的应用阐述了作者的基本看法。文中给出了信息系统的框架 ,监测信息共享的现实意义 ,信息共享的立法规范问题。     

Characteristics of Environmental Geochemistry in the Arseniasis Area of the Inner Mongolia of China

In China, endemic arseniasis attributable to the geological-geochemistry environment is mainly found in the plain of the Great Bend of the Yellow River and the Hu-Bao plain in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, in the Datong basin of Shanxi Province, the floodplain of the northern side of the Tian Mountain of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and in the southwest coastal plain of Taiwan. These areas share many similar characteristics including widespread occurrences, a large population being affected, and the magnitude of risk involved. The population living in these areas is estimated to be around 5.5 × 10⁵, of which of 2.5 × 10⁵ are resident in Inner Mongolia. Based on our systematic research and comparison of various areas, we found the different types of arseniasis are often associated with different regions. The neural arseniasis is distributed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Shanxi Province, caused by inorganic arsenic in drinking water while the cycling-obstacle arseniasis is mainly found in Inner Mongolia and Taiwan, associated with organic arsenic in water. The distribution of arsenic affected villages in Inner Mongolia exhibits orientation and focus on low-lying land in the subsiding centre of the Great Bend basin, which was enriched with humus in the lake and limnetic deposits. Much CH₄ gas can be detected in the water of shallow and deep wells in these villages. Some of the wells with higher concentrations of CH₄ can even be ignited. This is a typical reductive geochemical environment. We tested the total amount of arsenic (As), As³⁺, and methyl arsenate in all types of water sources. It is found that the number of arseniasis cases is not clearly related to the total amount of arsenic (As) in the water. However, it is related to the ratio of As³⁺ plus methyl arsenic to the total amount of arsenic (As). The higher the ratio, the higher the number of people affected and the more serious the illness. The statistical results also indicate that good drinking water accounts for 60% of the drinking water source while the arsenic contaminated water makes up about 25% of the drinking water in the study area. This research reveals that the local geochemical environment is responsible for the spreading of the endemic arseniasis in the area and thus suggests a new direction of how to prevent such disease.     

气候变化对水稻虫害的影响

气候变化对水稻虫害的影响李淑华（中国农科院农业气象研究所，北京１０００８１）摘要温室效应引起的气候变化，将会对水稻害虫的繁殖代数、越冬界限、迁飞规律等生态学特征产生一定的影响。从而造成害虫在田间的危害时间延长，发生程度加重的趋势，应引起广泛的重视。主...     

累积环境影响评价研究

为了响应综合的环境管理和可持续发展对环境影响评价（ＥＩＡ）的要求，有必要进行累积环境影响评价研究。本文介绍了累积环境影响的概念模型、分类和特点，并探讨了累积环境影响评价的方法。