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21.
Post-irrigation impact of domestic sewage effluent on composition of soils,crops and ground water--a case study 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Long-term irrigation with sewage water adds large amounts of carbon, major and micro- nutrients to the soil. We compared the spatial distribution of N, P, K and other micronutrients and toxic elements in the top 0.6 m of an alluvial soil along with their associated effects on the composition of crops and ground waters after about three decades of irrigation with domestic sewage effluent as a function of distance from the disposal point. Use of sewage for irrigation in various proportions improved the organic matter to 1.24-1.78% and fertility status of soils especially down to a distance of 1 km along the disposal channel. Build up in total N was up to 2908 kg ha(-1), available P (58 kg ha(-1)), total P (2115 kg ha(-1)), available K (305 kg ha(-1)) and total K (4712 kg ha(-1)) in surface 0.15 m soil. Vertical distribution of these parameters also varied, with most accumulations occurring in surface 0.3 m. Traces of NO3-N (up to 2.8 mg l(-1)), Pb (up to 0.35 mg l(-1)) and Mn (up to 0.23 mg l(-1)) could also be observed in well waters near the disposal point thus indicating initiation of ground water contamination. However, the contents of heavy metals in crops sampled from the area were below the permissible critical levels. Though the study confirms that the domestic sewage can effectively increase water resource for irrigation but there is a need for continuous monitoring of the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soil, plants and ground water. 相似文献
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Chemical Characterization and Variations of Particulate Matter in a Coastal Residential Area Proximate to a Beach Sand Mine in the Ganjam District of Odisha,India 下载免费PDF全文
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D. Naresh Yadav K. Anand Kishore Bhaskar Bethi Shirish H. Sonawane D. Bhagawan 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2018,20(5):2065-2078
In the present investigation, hybrid treatment process has been developed for the treatment of synthetic dye wastewater. Photocatalysis and ceramic nanoporous membrane are mainly used for process integration to minimize the fouling and increase the flux. Commercial ZnO powder has been used as a nano-photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine-B dye in the hybrid system. Commercial ceramic nanoporous tubular membranes have been used for the rejection of dye and suspended catalysts. Photocatalysis process alone has shown the 33% of decolorization, whereas ceramic nanofiltration has shown the 50% of decolorization. Integration of photocatalysis and ceramic nanofiltration were shown 96% of dye decolorization over 90 min of operation. 相似文献
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Male exposure mediated adverse reproductive outcomes in carbon disulphide exposed rayon workers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Patel KG Yadav PC Pandya CB Saiyed HN 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2004,25(4):413-418
The authors examined 100 carbon disulphide (CS2) exposed male workers who had been employed ten years prior to study were selected for the study. They were virtually obliged to participate in the study by the Medical Labor Inspector and all of them participated voluntary. The aim was to assess the effects of occupational exposure to carbon disulphide concentrations below the threshold limit value (31 mg/m3) on the reproductive functions with special emphasis on miscarriages. Specially, workers history records were build up on number of children, miscarriages and general weakness, mental fatigue etc. It was found that the incidences of number of miscarriages against number of living children correlated well with environmental concentration of CS2. Where the average CS2 levels were 1.695 ppm, the incidences of miscarriages was 5.71% (group 1). Where as in group 2 environmental concentrations were 12.28 ppm and the incidences of miscarriages were 18.91%. It was also found that in the spinning department the exposure exceeds many times the Threshold Limit Values (TL V). 相似文献
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R. P. Yadav B. Gupta P. L. Bhutia J. K. Bisht A. Pattanayak V. S. Meena 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2019,26(5):460-470
Adoption of agroforestry is paramount as a climate change mitigation and adaptation strategy. The assessment of plant biomass is crucial for understanding the vulnerability of biological systems to climate change. In the present study, agroforestry systems viz., agrisilviculture (AS), agrihorticulture (AH), agrihortisilviculture (AHS) and agrisilvihorticulture (ASH) were investigated for biomass production and carbon stock in vegetation as well as in soil in the Indian central Himalaya along the elevation i.e. E1 (<1100 m), E2 (1100–1400 m), E3 (1400–1700 m), E4 (1700–2000 m) and E5 (>2000 m). Mean aboveground and belowground biomass were 73.9% and 26.1%, respectively, of total biomass (64.4 t ha?1) in agroforestry systems. Fodder and/or timber trees accounted for 31% (in AHS) to 74% (in AS) of total biomass, while fruit trees accounted for 18% (in ASH) to 73% (in AH) of total biomass. The contribution of agriculture crops to total biomass fluctuated between 19% (in ASH) and 26% (in AH). Total vegetation biomass, soil carbon and total carbon density in agroforestry systems increased significantly along the elevation, with maximum biomass at elevation E5 (32.0 t ha?1, 64.7 t C ha?1 and 96.7 t C ha?1). Total biomass of vegetation among agroforestry systems differed significantly. Soil carbon stock was highest in AHS (59.5 t C ha?1) and total carbon density (vegetation + soil) was highest in ASH (93.0 t C ha?1). Thus, in Indian Himalayas, vegetation biomass, carbon stock, soil and total carbon (vegetation + soil) stock increased along the elevation.
Abbrviations: AG: aboveground; BG: belowground; WD: wood density; VOB: volume over bark; BEF: biomass expansion factor; AS: agrisilviculture; AH: agrihorticulture; ASH: agrisilvihorticulture; AHS: agrihortisilviculture; E: elevation; C: carbon; CO2: carbon-di-oxide; IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; DBH: diameter at breast height; AGBD: aboveground biomass density; BGBD: belowground biomass density; GSVD: growing stock volume density 相似文献
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Vikas Yadav Patade Sujata Bhargava Penna Suprasanna 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2009,134(1-2):24-28
Sugarcane, a glycophyte grown in the tropical and subtropical regions, is frequently subjected to soil salinity, affecting the yield and quality of the harvest. The ameliorative efficiency of salt priming on emergence and plantlet growth was examined in sugarcane cultivars which are known to vary in salt tolerance under field conditions. Salt priming with NaCl (100 mM) improved both the percent and rate of germination of the sets of the tolerant (Co 62175) and moderately tolerant (CoM 265) varieties compared to sensitive (CoC 671) and test variety (Co 86032). Salt priming during germination also improved the growth performance of two-month-old sugarcane plants in terms of shoot length, shoot and root fresh weight when subjected to 15 day iso-osmotic (−0.7 MPa) NaCl (150 mM) or polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000; 20%, w/v) stress. The primed plants exhibited lower salt- and dehydration-induced leaf senescence. The results suggest salt priming as an efficient approach for imparting abiotic stress tolerance in sugarcane. 相似文献
30.
Jyoti Yadav Dinesh Yadav Rajat Vashistha D. P. Goyal 《International Journal of Green Energy》2019,16(3):242-255
In this work, an attempt has been made to harvest green energy from piezoelectric material using fluid flow in a conduit. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting using Fluid Flow (PEHF) experimental model has been designed and the outputs obtained are compared with results obtained from simulations using ANSYS (computational fluid dynamics) and also with the mathematical modeling. The PEHF model has been utilized to analyze the effect of flow rate of water with reference to energy extracted. The full wave bridge rectifier and voltage doubler circuits have been used to obtain the direct current (DC) from the PEHF model. It is observed that the output obtained using experiments holds good in agreement with the results retrieved through simulations and mathematical results. The increase in flow rate of fluid leads to initially increase and then decrease in output of PEHF model as the maximum energy generated when flow rates (external force) matches with the frequency of excitation of the systems, i.e., at its resonance. The maximum energy output is generated at its resonance frequencies. It is observed that the full wave bridge rectifier circuit gives greater output as compared to a voltage doubler circuit. 相似文献