全文获取类型
收费全文 | 86篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 5篇 |
废物处理 | 3篇 |
环保管理 | 12篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
基础理论 | 14篇 |
污染及防治 | 29篇 |
评价与监测 | 7篇 |
社会与环境 | 5篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 3篇 |
2011年 | 9篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 4篇 |
2007年 | 2篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 3篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有87条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Agricultural Adaptation Strategies in Rural Sahel 总被引:17,自引:3,他引:14
Farmers in the Sahel have always been facing climatic variability at intra- and inter-annual and decadal time scales. While
coping and adaptation strategies have traditionally included crop diversification, mobility, livelihood diversification, and
migration, singling out climate as a direct driver of changes is not so simple. Using focus group interviews and a household
survey, this study analyzes the perceptions of climate change and the strategies for coping and adaptation by sedentary farmers
in the savanna zone of central Senegal. Households are aware of climate variability and identify wind and occasional excess
rainfall as the most destructive climate factors. Households attribute poor livestock health, reduced crop yields and a range
of other problems to climate factors, especially wind. However, when questions on land use and livelihood change are not asked
directly in a climate context, households and groups assign economic, political, and social rather than climate factors as
the main reasons for change. It is concluded that the communities studied have a high awareness of climate issues, but climatic
narratives are likely to influence responses when questions mention climate. Change in land use and livelihood strategies
is driven by adaptation to a range of factors of which climate appears not to be the most important. Implications for policy-making
on agricultural and economic development will be to focus on providing flexible options rather than specific solutions to
uncertain climate. 相似文献
72.
73.
Solbu K Hersson M Thorud S Lundanes E Nilsen T Synnes O Ellingsen D Molander P 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2010,12(5):1195-1202
Suddenly occurring and time limited chemical exposures caused by unintended incidents might pose a threat to many workers at various work sites. Monitoring of exposure during such occasional incidents is challenging. In this study a compact, low-weight and personal semi-automatic pumped unit for sampling of organic vapor phase compounds from occupational air during sporadic and suddenly occurring incidents has been developed, providing simple activation by the worker potentially subjected to the sudden occurring exposures when a trained occupational hygienist is not available. The sampler encompasses a tube (glass or stainless steel) containing an adsorbent material in combination with a small membrane pump, where the adsorbent is capped at both ends by gas tight solenoid valves. The sampler is operated by a conventional 9 V battery which tolerates long storage time (at least one year), and is activated by pulling a pin followed by automatic operation and subsequent closing of valves, prior to shipping to a laboratory. The adjustable sampling air flow rate and the sampling time are pre-programmed with a standard setting of 200 mL min(-1) and 30 min, respectively. The average airflow in the time interval 25-30 min compared to average airflow in the interval 2-7 min was 92-95% (n = 6), while the flow rate between-assay precisions (RSD) for six different samplers on three days each were in the range 0.5-3.7%. Incident sampler recoveries of VOCs from a generated VOC atmosphere relative to a validated standard method were between 95 and 102% (+/-4-5%). The valves that seal the sampler adsorbent during storage have been shown to prevent an external VOC atmosphere (500 mg m(-3)) to enter the adsorbent tube, in addition to that the sampler adsorbent is storable for at least one month due to absence of ingress of contaminants from internal parts. The sampler was also suitable for trapping of semi-volatile organophosphates. 相似文献
74.
Jesper H. Andersen Henrik Fossing Jens W. Hansen Ole H. Manscher Ciarán Murray Ditte L. J. Petersen 《Ambio》2014,43(7):906-913
Nutrient enrichment of coastal marine waters caused by losses of nitrate (NO3−) from agriculture is an increasing global problem. In the European Union, the Nitrates Directive (ND) of 1991 was meant to be a cornerstone in reducing eutrophication effects in coastal waters downstream from intensively farmed catchments. Although reductions in losses of nitrate have been attained, very few Member States have yet been able to reduce eutrophication effects caused by inputs of NO3− from agriculture. We report trends in concentrations of NO3− and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in Danish coastal and open marine waters during the period from 1996 to 2011 together with an assessment of eutrophication status based on multiple indicators (e.g. nutrient concentrations, Chl-a, submerged aquatic vegetation and benthic macroinvertebrates). Despite decreasing concentrations of both NO3−and Chl-a, Danish coastal waters are not yet to be classified as ‘unaffected by eutrophication’. In order to improve future pan-European evaluations of the effectiveness of the ND, we argue for the added value of including indicators and assessment principles from other European Directives, i.e. the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-014-0514-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献75.
Transport modes and pathways of the strongly sorbing pesticides glyphosate and pendimethalin through structured drained soils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Leaching of the strongly sorbing pesticides glyphosate and pendimethalin was evaluated in an 8-month field study focussing on preferential flow and particle-facilitated transport, both of which may enhance the leaching of such pesticides in structured soils. Glyphosate mainly sorbs to mineral sorption sites, while pendimethalin mainly sorbs to organic sorption sites. The two pesticides were applied in equal dosage to a structured, tile-drained soil, and the concentration of the pesticides was then measured in drainage water sampled flow-proportionally.The leaching pattern of glyphosate resembled that of pendimethalin, suggesting that the leaching potential of pesticides sorbed to either the inorganic or organic soil fractions is high in structured soils. Both glyphosate and pendimethalin leached from the root zone, with the average concentration in the drainage water being 3.5 and 2.7 μg L−1, respectively. Particle-facilitated transport (particles >0.24 μm) accounted for only a small proportion of the observed leaching (13-16% for glyphosate and 16-31% for pendimethalin). Drain-connected macropores located above or in the vicinity of the drains facilitated very rapid transport of pesticide to the drains. That the concentration of glyphosate and pendimethalin in the drainage water remained high (>0.1 μg L−1) for up to 7 d after a precipitation event indicates that macropores between the drains connected to underlying fractures were able to transport strongly sorbing pesticides in the dissolved phase. Lateral transport of dissolved pesticide via such discontinuities implies that strongly sorbing pesticides such as glyphosate and pendimethalin could potentially be present in high concentrations (>0.1 μg L−1) in both water originating from the drainage system and the shallow groundwater located at the depth of the drainage system. 相似文献
76.
Ikebe Otomo Juliana Araujo de Jesus Tatiane Gomes Coelho Lúcia Helena Rebelo Monteiro Lucilena Hunter Colin Helwig Karin Roberts Joanne Pahl Ole 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43747-43762
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The growth of two species of macrophytes (Lemna minor and Salvinia auriculata) under the effect of a mixture of amoxicillin, caffeine, carbamazepine,... 相似文献
77.
The effect of male coloration on female mate choice in closely related Lake Victoria cichlids (Haplochromis nyererei complex) 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9
We studied the effect of male coloration on interspecific female mate choice in two closely related species of haplochromine
cichlids from Lake Victoria. The species differ primarily in male coloration. Males of one species are red, those of the other
are blue. We recorded the behavioral responses of females to males of both species in paired male trials under white light
and under monochromatic light, under which the interspecific differences in coloration were masked. Females of both species
exhibited species-assortative mate choice when colour differences were visible, but chose non-assortatively when colour differences
were masked by light conditions. Neither male behaviour nor overall female response frequencies differed between light treatments.
That female preferences could be altered by manipulating the perceived colour pattern implies that the colour itself is used
in interspecific mate choice, rather than other characters. Hence, male coloration in haplochromine cichlids does underlie
sexual selection by direct mate choice, involving the capacity for individual assessment of potential mates by the female.
Females of both species responded more frequently to blue males under monochromatic light. Blue males were larger and displayed
more than red males. This implies a hierarchy of choice criteria. Females may use male display rates, size, or both when colour
is unavailable. Where available, colour has gained dominance over other criteria. This may explain rapid speciation by sexual
selection on male coloration, as proposed in a recent mathematical model.
Received: 11 April 1997 / Accepted after revision: 27 July 1997 相似文献
78.
79.
80.
Larsen MM Strand J Christensen JH Vorkamp K Hansen AB Andersen O 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(6):1793-1802
The Galathea 3 expedition circumnavigated the globe in 2006-2007 and collected marine samples from six continents. Bivalves were collected from harbours, other impacted locations and reference sites, and samples from 57 sites were analyzed for metals and 47 for organotins, to assess current contamination levels on a global scale. Metal concentrations in nine bivalve species were normalised to the Mytilidae family using conversion factors based on cosampled species and literature bioconcentration factors. The lowest metal and tributyltin concentrations were below background assessment concentrations (BACs) agreed in the Oslo-Paris convention (OSPAR) for the North Sea, and at most harbours the concentrations were orders of magnitude above BACs. The lowest concentrations of Cd and Pb measured here suggest that the BACs should be lower in a worldwide context. The sources of metals were classified according to human impact using principal component analysis. High relative concentrations of Hg, Pb and P were source indicators for industrial activity and land use; Zn, organotins, Cd and Cu for shipping activities, and V for oil spills. Generally the concentration levels at reference sites were low, but not always lower than expected impacted areas. The most contaminated areas were harbours, where especially Copenhagen, St Croix and Sydney, can be considered hotspots of tributyltin as well as a number of metals. 相似文献