全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12504篇 |
免费 | 351篇 |
国内免费 | 967篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 342篇 |
废物处理 | 862篇 |
环保管理 | 1446篇 |
综合类 | 3046篇 |
基础理论 | 3522篇 |
污染及防治 | 2260篇 |
评价与监测 | 1183篇 |
社会与环境 | 1055篇 |
灾害及防治 | 106篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 20篇 |
2023年 | 85篇 |
2022年 | 186篇 |
2021年 | 196篇 |
2020年 | 174篇 |
2019年 | 135篇 |
2018年 | 1592篇 |
2017年 | 1540篇 |
2016年 | 1330篇 |
2015年 | 294篇 |
2014年 | 223篇 |
2013年 | 258篇 |
2012年 | 734篇 |
2011年 | 1629篇 |
2010年 | 925篇 |
2009年 | 832篇 |
2008年 | 1125篇 |
2007年 | 1438篇 |
2006年 | 179篇 |
2005年 | 147篇 |
2004年 | 121篇 |
2003年 | 137篇 |
2002年 | 159篇 |
2001年 | 59篇 |
2000年 | 61篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 40篇 |
1997年 | 23篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1935年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 672 毫秒
161.
162.
Adaptive maritime spatial planning (MSP) uses monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of spatial and temporal management
measures to promote understanding and improve planning and decision-making. An adaptive approach to MSP involves exploring
alternative ways to meet management objectives, predicting the outcomes of alternative management measures, implementing one
or more of these alternative management measures, monitoring to learn about the effects of management measures, and then using
the results to update knowledge and adjust management actions. A monitoring and evaluation plan should be designed to be both
cost effective and comprehensive. The process of setting and assessing performance metrics requires that the ecological and
socio-economic objectives of the spatial management plan must be clearly stated up front for management actions to reflect
those objectives accurately. To evaluate the effectiveness of a MSP plan, a range of ecological, socio-economic and institutional
indicators need to be developed and monitored. 相似文献
163.
In this paper, we explore a range of concerns that arise in measuring short-term effects of ozone on health. In particular,
we tackle the problem of measuring exposure using alternative daily measures of ozone derived from hourly concentrations.
We adopt the exposure paradigm of Chiogna and Bellini (Environmetrics 13:55–69, 2002) extending it to ozone concentrations,
and we compare its performances with respect to traditional exposure measures by exploiting model selection. To investigate
the stability of model selection, we then apply the idea of bootstrapping the modelling process. 相似文献
164.
Salinity levels vary spatially in coastal areas, depending on proximity to freshwater sources, and may also be slowly decreasing
as a result of anthropogenic climatic changes. The impact of salinity on host–parasite interactions is potentially a key regulator
of transmission processes in intertidal areas, where trematodes are extremely common parasites of invertebrates and vertebrates.
We investigated experimentally the effects of long-term exposure to decreased salinity levels on output of infective stages
(cercariae) and their transmission success in the trematode Philophthalmus sp. This parasite uses the snail Zeacumantus subcarinatus as intermediate host, in which it asexually produces cercariae. After leaving the snail, cercariae encyst externally on hard
substrates to await accidental ingestion by shorebirds, which serve as definitive hosts. We found that at reduced salinities
(25 or 30 psu), the cercarial output of the parasite was lower, the time taken by cercariae to encyst was longer, fewer cercariae
successfully encysted and encysted parasites had lower long-term survival than at normal seawater salinity (35 psu). The strong
effect of salinity on the replication and transmission of this parasite suggests that there may be sources and sinks of transmission
to birds along coastal areas, depending on local salinity conditions. Also, unless it evolves to adapt to changing conditions,
the predicted reduction in salinity as a consequence of climate change may have negative impact on the parasite’s abundance. 相似文献
165.
Loss of zooxanthellae (dinoflagellate Symbiodinium) from corals will sometimes lead to mass mortality of corals. To detect and quantify Symbiodinium released from corals, we developed a zooxanthellae “trap” and a quantitative PCR (qPCR) system with Symbiodinium clades A–F-specific primer sets. The trap was attached to a branch or the surface of several wild stony corals, and the water
samples within the traps, including released Symbiodinium, were subjected to qPCR. All tested corals released clade C Symbiodinium at estimates of ~5,900 cells h−1 cm−2 of coral surface. Although all tested Pocillopora eydouxi harboured both clades C and D, some of these colonies released only clade C or released a lesser amount of clade D than that
in the tissues. Our Symbiodinium quantification system revealed that wild hermatypic corals constantly release Symbiodinium to the environment. Our result suggests that some corals may discharge certain clades of Symbiodinium alternatively. 相似文献
166.
167.
利用紫外-可见光谱与三维荧光光谱,结合拉格朗日混合单粒子轨道模型及火点图,研究了重庆2013年夏、冬两季雨水DOM光谱特征,并对其来源进行解析.结果表明,雨水DOM与水体、土壤DOM具有类似性质光谱特征,证明降雨DOM也是陆地及水环境中DOM地化特征的重要贡献者.雨水DOM中DOC含量为0.88~12.80 mg·L-1,CDOM含量在3.17~21.11m-1之间,夏、冬两季降雨DOM差异明显(P0.05).与夏季相比,冬季降雨DOM分子量较小,芳香性程度较低,腐殖化程度也更低,输入主要以本地和短距离输送为主;而夏季DOM来源较分散.尽管吸收和荧光光谱可用于解析雨水DOM组成和来源,但在光谱特征的解析和来源识别上与其他来源DOM有所区别,传统"内、外源区分"并不适用于雨水DOM. 相似文献
168.
长期施肥下浙江稻田不同颗粒组分有机碳的稳定特征 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
依托浙江水网地区稻田长期定位施肥试验(1996~2013年),利用固态13C核磁共振波谱技术,研究长期不同施肥措施下土壤各颗粒组分有机碳含量及其化学结构特征.结果表明,与不施肥对照(CK)相比,秸秆与化肥配施(NPKRS)、栏肥与化肥配施(NPKOM)、单施化肥(NPK)和单施栏肥(OM)处理均显著(P0.05)增加了砂粒(2~0.02 mm)、粉粒(0.02~0.002mm)和黏粒(0.002 mm)组分中有机碳含量;而单施秸秆(RS)处理仅显著增加砂粒组分有机碳含量.此外,与单施化肥处理相比,有机肥和化肥配施促进了新增有机碳在粉粒和黏粒组分的分配,更有利于新增有机碳的稳定.应用13C-NMR波谱技术进行结构表征,结果表明粉粒和黏粒组分有机碳的化学结构存在明显差异,粉粒组分烷氧碳、芳香碳的相对含量高于黏粒,而烷基碳、羰基碳的相对含量低于黏粒.长期有机肥与化肥配施下粉粒和黏粒烷基碳相对含量较单施有机肥处理分别降低9.1%~11.9%和13.7%~19.9%,烷氧碳的相对含量则分别增加2.9%~6.3%和13.4%~22.1%,表明有机肥与化肥配施处理降低了粉粒和黏粒组分有机碳的分解程度.长期单施化肥处理下粉粒和黏粒组分有机质的芳化度和疏水性低于单施有机肥处理和不施肥处理,有机质的矿化稳定性较低.长期有机肥与化肥配施,尤其是NPKOM处理,通过增加化学抗性化合物和碳水化合物的积累,并且减缓活性组分的分解提高粉粒和黏粒组分有机碳含量,是促进稻田土壤有机碳可持续积累的有效措施. 相似文献
169.
Liu Lina Li Na Tao Chunyang Zhao Yubo Gao Jingqing Huang Zhenzhen Zhang Jingshen Gao Jianlei Zhang Jinliang Cai Ming 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(13):15909-15922
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, the degradation performance of nutrients in zeolite trickling filter (ZTF) with different influent C/N ratios and aeration conditions... 相似文献
170.
Li Tao Zhao Jinxian Quan Yanhong Luo Dongmou Miao Chao Ren Jun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37592-37602
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Co3O4 nanorods with diameters of ~0.15 μm and lengths of ~1 μm were prepared using a hydrothermal method via the assembly of microcrystals... 相似文献