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261.
Nuriye N. Sahin-Hodoglugil Billie R. Lianoglou Sara Ackerman Teresa N. Sparks Mary E. Norton 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(11):1394-1405
Objective
There is increasing evidence supporting the clinical utility of next generation sequencing for identifying fetal genetic disorders. However, there are limited data on the demand for and accessibility of these tests, as well as payer coverage in the prenatal context. We sought to identify clinician perspectives on the utility of prenatal exome sequencing (ES) and on equitable access to genomic technologies for the care of pregnancies complicated by fetal structural anomalies.Method
We conducted two focus group discussions and six interviews with a total of 13 clinicians (11 genetic counselors; 2 Maternal Fetal Medicine/Geneticists) from U.S. academic centers and community clinics.Results
Participants strongly supported ES for prenatal diagnostic testing in pregnancies with fetal structural anomalies. Participants emphasized the value of prenatal ES as an opportunity for a continuum of care before, during, and after a pregnancy, not solely as informing decisions about abortions. Cost and coverage of the test was the main access barrier, and research was the main pathway to access ES in academic centers.Conclusion
Further integrating the perspectives of additional key stakeholders are important for understanding clinical utility, developing policies and practices to address access barriers, and assuring equitable provision of prenatal diagnostic testing. 相似文献262.
Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska Patrycja Krawczyk-Adamus Elżbieta Sprusińska Zbigniew W. Jóźwiak 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(3):393-403
Nurses are often obliged to work in a 12-hr shift work system. We have decided to check whether such a working system constitutes an excessive load for nurses. On the basis of a questionnaire survey among nurses working in an 8-hr daytime shift system (169 nurses) and in a 12-hr shift (536 nurses), the amount of physical workload, work stress, and after-work activities were compared. Data analysis has shown that a 12-hr shift system is characterized by less significant physical workload but greater mental load. The nurses working in a 2-shift system were more tired after work, but they could spend more time on leisure activities and do housework. The data suggest that there are no significant contraindications for nurses to work in a 2-shift system. 相似文献
263.
Luis A. Izquierdo MD Ori Kushnir Jon Aase P. Lantz Teresa Castellano Luis B. Curet 《黑龙江环境通报》1990,10(9):587-592
Sonographic prenatal diagnosis and management of a pregnancy complicated by dys-segmental dysplasia of the Silverman-Handmaker type are presented. This is a documented case of this type of short-limbed dwarfism presenting in a family of Hispanic-American ancestry. 相似文献
264.
Cassel T Ashbaugh L Flocchini R Meyer D 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(6):816-825
Ammonia emissions contribute to the formation of secondary particulate matter (PM) and violations of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Ammonia mass concentration measurements were made in February 1999 upwind and downwind of an open-lot dairy in California, using a combination of active bubbler and passive filter samplers. Ammonia fluxes were calculated from concentrations measured at 2, 4, and 10 m above ground at three locations on the downwind edge of the dairy, using micrometeorological techniques. A new method was developed to interpolate fluxes at six additional locations from ammonia concentrations measured at a single height, providing measurements at sufficient spatial resolution along the downwind border of the dairy to account for the heterogeneity of the source. PM measured up- and downwind of the dairy demonstrated insignificant ammonium particle formation in the immediate vicinity of the dairy and negligible contribution of dissociated ammonium nitrate to measured ammonia concentrations. Ammonium nitrate concentrations measured downwind of the dairy ranged from 26 to 0.26 microg m(-3) and from 2 to 43% of total PM2.5 mass concentrations. Measured ammonia fluxes showed that liquid manure retention ponds represented relatively minor sources of ammonia in winter on the dairy studied. Ammonia emission factors derived from the measurements ranged from 19 to 143 g head(-1) day(-1), showing an increase with warmer, drier weather and a decrease with increased relative humidity and lower temperatures. 相似文献
265.
Jui-Der Liou Chih-Ping Chen W. Roy Breg John C. Hobbins Maurice J. Mahoney Teresa L. Yang-Feng 《黑龙江环境通报》1993,13(1):1-8
From September 1984 to April 1991, we performed cytogenetic analysis on fetal blood samples from 214 second-and third-trimester pregnancies. One hundred and thirty-four cases were referred to consider the possibility of chromosomal mosaicism following amniocyte studies. The confirmation rate of mosaicism is at 0 per cent (0/9), 1·4 per cent (1/70), and 40 per cent (22/55) for cases of level I, level II, and level III mosaicism, respectively. Four out of 17 cases were positive for the diagnosis of fragile X syndrome. Of 63 cases with abnormal ultrasound findings, blood disorders, or other genetically related clinical conditions, 11 were found to have a chromosome abnormality. Fetal blood sampling is a valuable adjunct to other methods in the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal mosaicism or pseudomosaicism. It is also useful when rapid cytogenetic diagnosis is desired because of malformations detected in pregnancies at a late gestational age. 相似文献
266.
Semisolid olive-mill residues, pine chips, and mixtures of both residues contain phytotoxic components capable of inhibiting germination and vegetative growth in plants. Solid-state cultures of Phanerochate flavido-alba on pine chips or mixtures of both residues reduce these phytotoxic effects in fermented substrates. The phenol and lipid contents in cultures detoxified by this fungus also decreases. 相似文献
267.
Xu Q Barrios CA Cutright T Newby BM 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2005,12(5):278-284
- Goal, Scope, Background. The traditional solution for keeping unwanted organisms from attaching to submerged surfaces is to
apply anti-fouling coatings. The most common antifoulant was tributyltin (TBT). TBT systems were highly effective but were
also toxic to non-target organisms. The use of the TBT based coatings will be completely banned by January 1, 2008. Therefore,
there is an urgent need to seek out suitable non-toxic alternatives.
Methods The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of capsaicin and zosteric acid as natural product antifoulants (NPAs)
in deterring bacterial attachment. Two fresh water bacteria systems Pseudomonas putida (Pp) and bacteria isolated from Lake
Erie (LE) were used to assess the attachment when the NPAs dispersed in the water. Effectiveness was ascertained based on
the decrease in microbial attachment, limited toxicity, and minimum alteration of the coatings properties.
Results and Discussion A significant inhibition of bacteria attachment was achieved when aqueous capsaicin concentration was increased from 0 to
40 mg/L. For instance, after 14 days the LE system depicted 93.5% and 98.5% less biofilm coverage for 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L
capsaicin, respectively when compared to systems without NPA. Biofilm coverage was reduced by 92.5% and 98.2%, respectively
with 50 mg/L and 500 mg/L zosteric acid.
Conclusions Both capsaicin and zosteric acid was effective at preventing bacteria attachment. As the NPA aqueous concentration increased,
biofilm formation decreased. Evaluating changes in aqueous pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, aqueous microbial population
and biofilm formation suggested that the primary antifoulant mechanism of these two NPAs was to block the bacteria's active
sites versus posing a lethal level.
Recommendation and Perspective From the attachment study, zosteric acid appeared to be more effective in preventing bacterial attachment when the NPAs were
dispersed in the aqueous environment. For practical applications, the antifoulant needs to be incorporated into a coating
and have a slow release rate. Thus the ability to successfully incorporate zosteric acid into a coating, without deterring
bacterial attachment, needs to be investigated. 相似文献
268.
Tejedor MT Cenarro A Tejedor D Stef M Palacios L de Castro I García-Otín AL Monteagudo LV Civeira F Pocovi M 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2011,98(11):943-949
Variations in the gene encoding the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) can cause familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), one of the most common inherited metabolic disorders in humans. The functional
effects of the p.Gln92Glu and p.Asn564His alterations are predicted as benign, but the c.313 + 1G>C and p.Lys799_Phe801del
changes are believed to cause disease. Although p.Gln92Glu and c.313 + 1G>C have been observed only in Spain, p.Asn564His
and p.Lys799_Phe801del are widespread in Western Europe. In order to estimate the ages (t generations) of these four variants of the gene, to determine their possible origin and to consider the influence of age
and selective pressure on their spread, we analyzed 86 healthy individuals and 126 FH patients in Spain. Most of the FH patients
investigated carried two of these four LDLR variants simultaneously, while only one patient carried three of them simultaneously. Haplotype analyses were based on five
LDLR SNPs: c.81T>C, c.1413G>A, c.1725C>T, c.1959T>C and c.2232G>A. The results suggest that p.Gln92Glu and c.313 + 1G>C arose
at about the same time (99 and 103 generations ago, respectively) in the CACTG haplotype and that p.Asn564His and p.Lys799_Phe801del
appeared in the CGCCG haplotype and might be slightly more recent variations (92 and 95 generations ago, respectively). Low
selective pressures could explain the maintenance of these variants in spite of their ages. The origin of p.Gln92Glu and c.313 + 1G>C
appears to be in Spain whereas p.Asn564His and p.Lys799_Phe801del could have been introduced in Spain by Celtic migrations
in the seventh to fifth centuries BC. 相似文献
269.
Teresa Catry Jaime A. Ramos Matthieu Le Corre Jessica Kojadinovic Paco Bustamante 《Marine Biology》2008,155(6):637-647
Nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) stable isotopes and contaminants, such as mercury, have been widely used to characterise foraging ecology of temperate
and polar seabirds. In this study, for the first time, we used isotopic signatures and mercury levels of feathers and blood
of eight tropical seabird species, that forage in a range-gradient between inshore and offshore areas, to describe the foraging
habits of a large tropical seabird community (from two neighboring islands of the Seychelles archipelago, western Indian Ocean)
during both the breeding and inter-breeding periods. Overall, we found a high overlap in both δ15N and δ13C signatures among species. The high inter-specific overlap in δ15N values was expected, given the similarities in the diet of the species from this community. However, several unexpected
results, such as (1) the consistently higher δ15N signatures of white terns (Gygis alba), (2) the large variation in inter-specific differences in δ15N signatures among the sampling groups (season, age, island and tissue) and (3) the consistent low δ15N values of breeding birds during the northwest monsoon (austral summer), suggest that δ15N signatures cannot be used as indicators of seabird trophic levels in this community. The high inter-specific overlap in
δ13C signatures and the absence, during the breeding season, of a δ13C gradient that follows the inshore-offshore foraging gradient within the community can be explained by the habitat homogeneity
of the Seychelles continental shelf and suggest that birds forage mostly within the limits of this “plateau”. On the other
hand, the similarities in δ13C values between the breeding and inter-breeding periods in species that are known to show post-breeding dispersal, strongly
support the hypothesis of a lack of latitudinal variation in δ13C signatures of POM in the central Indian Ocean, and the consequent inaccuracy of δ13C values to track seabird movements within this geographic area. Inter-specific differences in mercury levels seem to be related
to prey size, while consistent higher mercury concentrations in one of the studied islands suggest different island mercury-backgrounds
and possible segregation in foraging areas between the seabirds of the two islands.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
270.
Harry Freeman Teresa Harten Johnny Springer Paul Randall Mary Ann Curran Kenneth Stone 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(5):618-656
Abstract Pyrolytic product distribution rates and pyrolysis behavior of tire-derived fuels (TDF) were investigated using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) techniques. A TGA was designed and built to investigate the behavior and products of pyrolysis of typical TDF specimens. The fundamental knowledge of TGA analysis and principal fuel analysis are applied in this study. Thermogravimetry of the degradation temperature of the TDF confirms the overall decomposition rate of the volatile products during the depolymerization reaction. The principal fuel analysis (proximate and ultimate analysis) of the pyrolytic char products show the correlation of volatilization into the gas and liquid phases and the existence of fixed carbon and other compounds that remain as a solid char. The kinetic parameters were calculated using least square with minimizing sum of error square technique. The results show that the average kinetic parameters of TDF are the activation energy, E = 1322 ± 244 kJ/mol, a pre-exponential constant of A = 2.06 ± 3.47 × 1010 min?1, and a reaction order n = 1.62 ± 0.31. The model-predicted rate equations agree with the experimental data. The overall TDF weight conversion represents the carbon weight conversion in the sample. 相似文献