Cu/海泡石催化剂上NOx催化还原的研究

以天然海泡石为原料,经酸改性后作载体.采用浸渍法制成了用于NOx由CO还原的Cu基催化剂.在稀薄燃烧条件下,考察了它对汽车尾气中NOx的还原性能.实验结果表明,Cu/海泡石催化剂在富氧条件下具有良好的耐湿热稳定性和催化活性,当转化率达到90%时,反应温度＜400 ℃.当掺入稀土元素Ce和Sm后,由于与活性组分Cu之间的协同效应,催化剂的抗氧能力进一步提高了.     

吸附—催化氧化—絮凝法联合处理造纸废水

采用吸附－催化氧化－絮凝法联合处理造纸废水，讨论了废水通过炉渣柱的滤速，在絮凝过程中Al2(SO4)3的加入量及催化氧化反应中溶液的pH值，铁屑的加入量，H2O2的加入量等主要因素对废水中COD去除率的影响，结果表明，COD，SS主要污染物去除率达97．0％和95．3％，各项指标超过一级排放标准，水质可以完全回收利用，为造纸废水的处理提供了新的技术方案。     

Evaluation of quick tests for phosphorus determination in dairy manures

Nutrients in animal manure are valuable inputs in agronomic crop production. Rapid and timely information about manure nutrient content are needed to minimize the risks of phosphorus (P) over-application and losses of dissolved P (DP) in runoff from fields treated with manure. We evaluated the suitability of a commercial hand-held reflectometer, a hydrometer, and an electrical conductivity (EC) meter for determining DP and total P (TP) in dairy manures. Bulk samples (n = 107) collected from farms across CT, MD, NY, PA, and VA were highly variable in total solids (TS) concentration, ranging from 11 to 213gL(-1), in suspensions' pH (6.3-9.2), and EC (6.2-53.3 dS m(-1)). Manure DP concentrations measured using the RQFlex reflectometer (RQFlex-DP(s)) were related to molybdate-reactive P (MRP(s)) concentrations as follows: RQFlex-DP(s) = 0.471 x MRP(s) + 1102 (r2 = 0.29). Inclusion of pH and squared-pH terms improved the prediction of manure DP from RQFlex results (r2 = 0.66). Excluding five outlier samples that had pH < or = 6.9 the coefficient of determination (r2) for the MRP(s) and RQFlex-DP(s) relationship was 0.83 for 95% of the samples. Manure TS were related to hydrometer specific gravity readings (r2 = 0.53) that were in turn related to TP (r2 = 0.34), but not to either RQFlex-DP or MRP. Relationships between suspensions' EC and DP or TP were non-significant. Therefore, the RQFlex method is the only viable option for on-site quick estimates of DP that can be made more robust when complemented with TS and pH measurements. The DP quick test can provide near real-time information on soluble manure nutrient content across a wide range of handling and storage conditions on dairy farms and quick estimates of potential soluble P losses in runoff following land applications of manure.     

浅析烟道测流点的布置

分析实际监测中测流点的布置方法及其不足，根据流体力学原理，找出了圆型烟道内平均流速的代表位置，提出了测点布置新方法。     

岩溶流域土地利用变化对地下水水质的影响——以云南小江流域为例

利用1982、2003年土地利用现状图、地下水水质资料和监测数据,在GIS支持下,研究云南小江岩溶流域20年来的土地利用变化及其水文环境效应。结果表明:20年来,流域610.12km₂的土地利用面积发生变化;土地利用变化的主要过程是由未利用地向耕地和林地以及林地向耕地的转化;土地利用的空间格局发生很大变化,空间格局指数有不同程度的增加或减少;地下水水质的变化与土地利用变化表现出动态一致性,林地和未利用地转变为耕地后,地下水的总硬度、总碱度、pH值、SO42-、NO3-、Ca2+等离子值明显升高,并形成明显的高值区;1982年流域地下水以I、II、III级水质为主,而2003年流域却以IV、V级水质为主,地下水水质呈明显恶化趋势;流域地下水水质的变化与流域森林质量下降以及耕地扩张带来的化肥污染息息相关。     

Spatial distribution,pollution characteristics,and health risks of antibiotic resistance genes in China: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - With the extensive production and use of antibiotics for medicinal and veterinary purposes, antibiotics and genes that code for antibiotic resistance are now...     

Design and prediction for highly efficient SO2 capture from flue gas by imidazolium ionic liquids

An efficient method for prediction in the capture of SO2 from flue gas by imidazolium ionic liquids was reported, where the concentration of SO2 is 2000 ppm. On the basis of quantitative calculations through a combination of Langmuir simulation, theoretical calculation and quantum chemical method, SO2 absorption and desorption performance from flue gas by twelve kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids with different anions were designed and predicted. Then, among them, five kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids were chosen and prepared to investigate their behavior of SO2 absorption capacity, desorption residue, and available absorption capacity. The results indicated that the experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted values. Thus, an ideal ionic liquid [Emim][Tetz] was obtained through the predictive method for the capture of SO2 of 2000 ppm, which showed high available absorption capacity of 0.24 g SO2 per g ionic liquid and excellent reversibility.     

鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacterium sp.)JCR5降解17α-乙炔基雌二醇的代谢途径

从北京某避孕药厂污水处理站曝气池的活性污泥中分离得到1株能够以17α-乙炔基雌二醇(17α-ethinylestradiol,EE2)为唯一碳源和能源生长的菌株JCR5.通过对其形态特征、生理生化以及16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定该菌株为鞘氨醇杆菌属(Sphingobacterium sp.).菌株JCR5在10d内对初始底物浓度为30 mg·L-1EE2的降解率可达87%.该菌株能够利用甾体雌激素(甾酮、17β-雌二醇、雌三醇以及炔雌醇甲醚)、避孕药生产中间体以及一些芳烃化合物为唯一碳源生长.对EE2降解中间产物进行质谱分析推测,EE2在降解过程中首先被氧化为雌酮(estrone,E1),后经过一系列生物催化作用生成2-羟基-2,4-二烯-戊酸和2-羟基-2,4-二烯-1,6-己二酸2种中间代谢产物.前者是与Comamonas testosteroni TA441代谢睾甾酮的途径类似的产物,而后者是3-羟基-4,5-9,10-二断雌甾烷-1(10),2-二烯-5,9,17-三酮基-4-酸不同于前者断键位置的另一产物.     

华阴市畜牧业生产的现状及发展对策研究

本文在分析华阴市畜牧业发展的现状、存在问题和发展潜力的基础上 ,提出了华阴市实现畜牧业由“哑铃型”向“纺锤型”转变的可持续发展对策和政策建议