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Biochemical parameters and bacterial species richness in soils contaminated by sludge-borne metals and remediated with inorganic soil amendments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mench M Renella G Gelsomino A Landi L Nannipieri P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,144(1):24-31
The effectiveness of two amendments for the in situ remediation of a Cd- and Ni-contaminated soil in the Louis Fargue long-term field experiment was assessed. In April 1995, one replicate plot (S1) was amended with 5% w/w of beringite (B), a coal fly ash (treatment S1+B), and a second plot with 1% w/w zerovalent-Fe iron grit (SS) (treatment S1+SS), with the aim of increasing metal sorption and attenuating metal impacts. Long-term responses of daily respiration rates, microbial biomass, bacterial species richness and the activities of key soil enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase, beta-glucosidase, urease and protease activities) were studied in relation to soil metal extractability. Seven years after initial amendments, the labile fractions of Cd and Ni in both the S1+B and S1+SS soils were reduced to various extents depending on the metal and fractions considered. The soil microbial biomass and respiration rate were not affected by metal contamination and amendments in the S1+B and S1+SS soils, whereas the activity of different soil enzymes was restored. The SS treatment was more effective in reducing labile pools of Cd and Ni and led to a greater recovery of soil enzyme activities than the B treatment. Bacterial species richness in the S1 soil did not alter with either treatment. It was concluded that monitoring of the composition and activity of the soil microbial community is important in evaluating the effectiveness of soil remediation practices. 相似文献
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Dória Aline R. Santos Géssica O. S. Pelegrinelli Mariane M. S. Silva Deyvid C. de Matos Danielle B. Cavalcanti Eliane Bezerra Silva Ronaldo S. Salazar-Banda Giancarlo R. Eguiluz Katlin I. B. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23634-23646
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, binary and ternary mixed metal oxide anodes of Ti/RuO2–Sb2O4 and Ti/RuO2–Sb2O4–TiO2 were prepared using two different... 相似文献
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The effects of oil contamination on the metabolic state of suspended participate and sedimented organic matter were investigated through the analysis of the RNA:DNA ratio on samples collected from January 1991 to January 1992 in the Ligurian Sea (northwestern Mediterranean). the ratio of RNA to DNA appeared to be highly sensitive to hydrocarbon stress since the oil disturbance resulted in an evident decline in the RNA:DNA ratio relative to the pre-pollution conditions. Such a pattern was unusual since it occurred in a period when we would expect a seasonal increase in bacterial activity. Differences are seen when comparing the temporal trend of DNA in suspended particulates and in sediments. However, the effects of oil on the RNA:DNA ratio were similar. Oiled samples showed a RNA:DNA ratio lower than 1 whereas RNA concentrations exceeded DNA content in undisturbed samples. Bacterial DNA accounted for a significant fraction (average 26%) of total DNA in sediments. It is likely that changes in RNA:DNA ratio in oiled sediments are due to the disturbance of bacterial communities. Consistent with the meiofaunal response to oil contamination, the hydrocarbons had only temporary and limited effects and RNA:DNA values recovered to pre-pollution conditions after a few weeks. the possible use of the RNA:DNA ratio in pollution monitoring is discussed. 相似文献
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Giancarlo Barbiroli 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(3):261-270
SUMMARY A definition of technological pluralism and diversity is presented, together with a concept of viability, within the context of sustainable development. The existing contrast with technological homogeneity is also discussed in order to show that the former concept is a necessary prerequisite for the pursuit of sustainability, whereas the latter has led to a process of cultural homogenisation, with the generally acknowledged repercussions for past and present forms of development. The availability of a number of different viable options can be considered a fundamental prerequisite for the most appropriate choice to be made by both producers and consumers; whereas, if only one technical solution is available and ready to be implemented (or requires only marginal modifications), then producers from the various socioeconomic sectors are obliged to implement that solution. This may sometimes have its advantages but very often will have serious drawbacks which may well impede the pursuit of sustainability. The question of the current form of product diversification is also analysed to see whether it may be advantageous within a sustainable society, and to discover if there is any contrast between this type of diversification and technological pluralism/diversity, and how this contrast may be overcome. 相似文献
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Chloride extraction for quality improvement of municipal solid waste incinerator ash for the concrete industry. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giancarlo Boghetich Lorenzo Liberti Michele Notarnicola Maria Palma Domenico Petruzzelli 《Waste management & research》2005,23(1):57-61
Coal ash from power stations has long been used successfully in the cement industry as binders in several Portland formulations. This is not the case for municipal solid waste (MSW) ash as chloride concentrations, ranging from 10 to 200 g kg(-1) dry weight in the bottom and fly ash, respectively, exceed the maximum allowable concentration in most cement mixtures. To reduce chloride content in MSW bottom ash, a laboratory investigation was carried out based on the exhaustive washing in tap water. The influence of operative parameters such as temperature, granulometric properties and solid/liquid ratio of extraction was evaluated. In addition to optimization of the mentioned operative parameters for full-scale application, the paper gives preliminary indications on mechanistic aspects of the washing operation. 相似文献
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M Masiol E Centanni S Squizzato A Hofer E Pecorari G Rampazzo B Pavoni 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(8):3142-3151
Purpose
This study presents a procedure to differentiate the local and remote sources of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).Methods
Data were collected during an extended PM2.5 sampling campaign (2009?C2010) carried out for 1?year in Venice-Mestre, Italy, at three stations with different emissive scenarios: urban, industrial, and semirural background. Diagnostic ratios and factor analysis were initially applied to point out the most probable sources. In a second step, the areal distribution of the identified sources was studied by applying the discriminant analysis on factor scores. Third, samples collected in days with similar atmospheric circulation patterns were grouped using a cluster analysis on wind data. Local contributions to PM2.5 and PAHs were then assessed by interpreting cluster results with chemical data.Results
Results evidenced that significantly lower levels of PM2.5 and PAHs were found when faster winds changed air masses, whereas in presence of scarce ventilation, locally emitted pollutants were trapped and concentrations increased. This way, an estimation of pollutant loads due to local sources can be derived from data collected in days with similar wind patterns. Long-range contributions were detected by a cluster analysis on the air mass back-trajectories. Results revealed that PM2.5 concentrations were relatively high when air masses had passed over the Po Valley. However, external sources do not significantly contribute to the PAHs load.Conclusions
The proposed procedure can be applied to other environments with minor modifications, and the obtained information can be useful to design local and national air pollution control strategies. 相似文献30.
Daniele Daffonchio Grazia Baggi Gian Pietro Molinari Giancarlo Ranalli Claudia Sorlini 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):257-268
Abstract Cometabolic degradation of the herbicide molinate was tested using two microorganisms, Arthrobacter sp., strain M3 and Streptomyces griseus strain M2; the latter classified on the basis of the presence of the enzymatic cofactor SF‐420. The strains M3 and M2, inoculated in a basic salts medium with glucose as carbon source and added with 100 mg L‐1 of molinate, degraded respectively 35 and 51% of the herbicide in 36 days. Increasing concentrations of molinate, ranging from 50 to 200 mg L‐1 in glucose medium, did not affect the final ATP yield of the strain M2, but decreased the final growth yield and the ATP synthesis rate. Moreover, the onset of coenzyme SF‐420 synthesis was progressively delayed. In contrast, surprisingly, SF‐420 final yield and production rate were increased by progressive increasing concentrations of molinate in the mineral medium. 相似文献