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排序方式: 共有211条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Stephanie Meredith Christopher Kaposy Victoria J. Miller Megan Allyse Subhashini Chandrasekharan Marsha Michie 《黑龙江环境通报》2016,36(8):714-719
The ‘Stakeholder Perspectives on Noninvasive Prenatal Genetic Screening’ Symposium was held in conjunction with the 2015 annual meeting of the International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis. During the day-long meeting, a panel of patient advocacy group (PAG) representatives discussed concerns and challenges raised by prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening, which has resulted in larger demands upon PAGs from concerned patients receiving prenatal cfDNA screening results. Prominent concerns included confusion about the accuracy of cfDNA screening and a lack of patient education resources about genetic conditions included in cfDNA screens. Some of the challenges faced by PAGs included funding limitations, lack of consistently implemented standards of care and oversight, diverse perspectives among PAGs and questions about neutrality, and lack of access to training and genetic counselors. PAG representatives also put forward suggestions for addressing these challenges, including improving educational and PAG funding and increasing collaboration between PAGs and the medical community. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
82.
Modelling the responses of wildlife to human disturbance: An evaluation of alternative management scenarios for black-crowned night-herons 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Victoria J. Bennett Esteban Fernández-JuricicPatrick A. Zollner Matthew J. BeardLynne Westphal Cherie L. LeBlanc Fisher 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(15):2770-2779
The impact of anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife is increasing becoming a source of concern as the popularity of outdoor recreation rises. There is now more pressure on site managers to simultaneously ensure the continued persistence of wildlife and provide recreational opportunities. Using ‘Simulation of Disturbance Activities’, a model designed to investigate the impact of recreational disturbance on wildlife, we demonstrate how a simulation modelling approach can effectively inform such management decisions. As an example, we explored the implications of various design and management options for a proposed recreational area containing a historic breeding bird colony. By manipulating the proximity, orientation and intensity of recreation, we were able to evaluate the impact of recreational activities on the behaviour of black-crowned night-heron nestlings (Nycticorax nycticorax). Using a classification and regression tree (CART) procedure to analyse simulation output, we explored the dynamics of multiple strategies in concert. Our analysis revealed that there are inherent advantages in implementing multiple strategies as opposed to any single strategy. Nestlings were not disturbed by recreation when bird-watching facility placement (proximity and orientation) and type were considered in combination. In comparison, proximity alone only led to a <10% reduction in disturbance. Thus we demonstrate how simulation models based on customised empirical data can bridge the gap between field studies and active management, enabling users to test novel management scenarios that are otherwise logistically difficult. Furthermore, such models potentially have broad application in understanding human-wildlife interactions (e.g. exploring the implications of roads on wildlife, probability of bird strikes around airports, etc.). They therefore represent a valuable decision-making tool in the ecological design of urban infrastructures. 相似文献
83.
Pedro A. Ochoa George Alexis Sagastume Gutiérrez Juan B. Cogollos Martínez Carlo Vandecasteele 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010,18(12):1171-1176
An approach to Cleaner Production in a small factory of hydrated lime is presented. The work aims to improving fuel and limestone utilization and reducing waste production in the plant. Efforts mainly focus on the calcination stage, where around 50% of the production costs due to fuel consumption occur. To fulfill this objective, new indicators are proposed to evaluate the performance of the lime shaft kiln, in order to develop an operational control method for the calcination process. The systematic use of the developed operational control method is a powerful tool in the daily operation of a small lime factory, since it allows a more efficient calcination process with reduced environmental impact and production cost. 相似文献
84.
Godoi Marcelo Leitemberger Andrielli Böhs Lucas Martins Correa Silveira Marcia Victoria Rafique Jamal D’Oca Marcelo Gonçalves Montes 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(3):1441-1446
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Herein, we describe a simple and inexpensive protocol for the hydrothiolation of alkynes. In this context, water extract of rice straw ash (WERSA) has been proven... 相似文献
85.
Constenla Maria Soler-Membrives Anna Besada Victoria Carrassón Maite 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(11):15713-15728
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Many studies have been carried out along mighty rivers with heavily industrialized watersheds to evaluate pollutants and their effects on freshwater... 相似文献
86.
Some marine species have been shown to target foraging at particular hotspots of high prey abundance. However, we show here that in the year after a nesting season, female leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the Atlantic generally spend relatively little time in fixed hotspots, especially those with a surface signature revealed in satellite imagery, but rather tend to have a pattern of near continuous traveling. Associated with this traveling, distinct changes in dive behavior indicate that turtles constantly fine tune their foraging behavior and diel activity patterns in association with local conditions. Switches between nocturnal vs. diurnal activity are rare in the animal kingdom but may be essential for survival on a diet of gelatinous zooplankton where patches of high prey availability are rare. These results indicate that in their first year after nesting, leatherback turtles do not fit the general model of migration where responses to resources are suppressed during transit. However, their behavior may be different in their sabbatical years away from nesting beaches. Our results highlight the importance of whole-ocean fishing gear regulations to minimize turtle bycatch. 相似文献
87.
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89.
Goodwin V Jones-Hughes T Thompson-Coon J Boddy K Stein K 《Journal of Safety Research》2011,42(6):443-451
Problem and objective
The translation of the evidence-base for preventing falls among community-dwelling older people into practice has been limited. This study systematically reviewed and synthesised the effectiveness of methods to implement falls prevention programmes with this population.Methods
Articles published between 1980 and May 2010 that evaluated the effects of an implementation strategy. No design restrictions were imposed. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.Results
15 studies were identified. Interventions that involved the active training of healthcare professionals improved implementation. The evidence around changing the way people who fall are managed within primary care practices, and, layperson, peer or community delivered models was mixed.Impact on industry
Translating the evidence-base into practice involves changing the attitudes and behaviours of older people, healthcare professionals and organisations. However, there is a need for further evaluation on how this can be best achieved. 相似文献90.
Johannes M. M. Engels Hannes Dempewolf Victoria Henson-Apollonio 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2011,24(2):107-126
Humans have always played a crucial role in the evolutionary dynamics of agricultural biodiversity and thus there is a strong
relationship between these resources and human cultures. These agricultural resources have long been treated as a global public
good, and constitute the livelihoods of millions of predominantly poor people. At the same time, agricultural biodiversity
is under serious threat in many parts of the world despite extensive conservation efforts. Ethical considerations regarding
the collecting, research, and use of agricultural biodiversity are currently topics of great concern. For example, easy access
to genetic resources for breeding purposes is important, but international agreements and legal frameworks are necessary to
ensure adequate recognition of the contributions of local communities and traditional farmers in creating and nurturing these
resources. Here, we assess ethical principles in the context of existing codes of conduct that are relevant for agro-biodiversity
researchers. We aim to create awareness among scientists and policy makers who are concerned with agro-biodiversity research
and its potential impact on local communities. We encourage a serious assessment of the ethical principles presented here
and hope to facilitate an integration of these principles into the reader’s personal ethical framework. Key ethical principles
considered here include the importance of obtaining prior informed consent, equity, and the inalienability of rights of local
communities and farmers. 相似文献