硫酸钙晶须对磷的静态吸附

以磷石膏废渣为原料制备硫酸钙晶须,考察了硫酸钙晶须对模拟含磷废水中磷的去除效果,分析了初始废水pH、初始磷质量浓度、硫酸钙晶须加入量对磷吸附效果的影响,研究了硫酸钙晶须对磷的吸附等温线,同时对吸附机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明：硫酸钙晶须在碱性条件下对磷的去除率较酸性条件下高,且初始废水pH为10时去除效果最佳;最佳硫酸钙晶须加入量为0.03 g/mg（以磷计）;在初始废水pH为10、初始磷质量浓度为50 mg/L、硫酸钙晶须加入量为1.5 g/L的条件下,于25 ℃下反应1 h,磷的去除率达到99.16%,上清液TP为0.419 mg/L;与Freundlich模型相比,Langmuir等温吸附模型更适合描述硫酸钙晶须对磷的吸附过程,采用该模型拟合得出25 ℃下磷的饱和吸附量为140.4 mg/g。     

好氧颗粒污泥的培养及处理味精废水

以厌氧颗粒污泥为接种污泥,在模拟废水条件下利用SBR 35 d成功培养出了具有同步硝化反硝化作用的好氧颗粒污泥,反应器对COD和NH4+-N去除率分别高于95%和99%。将该反应器用于处理味精废水,当COD、NH4+-N的容积负荷分别为2.4 kg/(m3.d)、0.24 kg/(m3.d)时,COD、NH4+-N和TN去除率分别高于90%、99%和85%。处理味精废水后的颗粒污泥粒径由之前的0.8～2.5 mm减小至0.6～1.8 mm,颗粒结构较之前更加密实。     

浅谈突发溢油事件应急处置技术及装置的应用

概述了海洋溢油应急处置的技术方法,分析了溢油应急处置装置设备的应用特点,为海洋溢油应急处置工作提供理论依据。     

基于GJB 150A-2009的高温试验方法研究

介绍了GJB 150换版后的基本信息,以图表形式给出了高温对装备的影响及比重。对GJB150A-2009中的高温试验方法及剪裁指南进行了研究,对高温试验应用要点进行了分析,并以某型号电子装备为例,建立了其寿命期剖面和寿命期环境剖面。     

参与式灌溉管理对农户用水行为的影响

参与式灌溉管理的核心在于保障农业高效、公平用水和农业灌溉的可持续发展.本文通过对甘肃省张掖灌区用水户协会参与灌溉管理制度对农户用水行为影响的实证分析结果表明,用水户协会的成立、排灌系统的完善、农业生产结构的调整和水权市场的建立等因素,在一定程度上提高了农户灌溉水的利用效率,缓解了张掖灌区水资源短缺的局面.然而,由于当前用水者协会"自上而下"的行政管理导致用水户在灌溉管理中并不具有真正的发言权和决策权,用水户对灌溉管理的民主参与并没有达到节约用水的目标.为此,我国应建立完善用水户参与灌溉管理的激励机制和灌溉管理中的民主决策机制,使协会成员真正参与到灌溉工程的建管、灌溉水价的制定和剩余水权的流转和分配中来,保证农户通过参与灌溉管理获得更为可观的效益,是我国未来用水户协会灌溉管理制度改革的一项重要内容.     

Real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis of trichloroethylene-regulated toluene dioxygenase expression in Pseudomonas putida F1

Toluene dioxygenase (tod) is a multicomponent enzyme system in Pseudomonas putida F1. Tod can mediate the degradation of Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widespread pollutant. In this study, we try to explore the TCE-regulated tod expression by using real-time qRT-PCR. The minimal culture media were supplemented with glucose, toluene, or a mixture of glucose/toluene respectively as carbon and energy sources. The TCE was injected into each medium after a 12-hour incubation period. The TCE injection severely affected bacterial growth when cultured with toluene or toluene/glucose mixtures. The cell density dropped 61 % for bacteria growing in toluene and 36 % for bacteria in the glucose/toluene mixture after TCE injection, but the TCE treatment had little effect on bacteria supplied with glucose alone. The decrease in cell number was caused by the cytotoxicity of the TCE metabolized by tod. The results from the real-time qRT-PCR revealed that TCE was capable of inducing tod expression in a toluene-dependent manner and that the tod expression level increased 50 times in toluene and 3 times in the toluene/glucose mixture after 6 hours of TCE treatment. Furthermore, validation of the rpoD gene as a reference gene for P. putida F1 was performed in this study, providing a valuable foundation for future studies to use real-time qRT-PCR in the analysis of the P. putida F1 strain.     

日本发展低碳经济的政策体系综述

发展低碳经济已经成为许多国家和区域发展的重要策略。本文总结了日本发展低碳经济的背景、目标和基本理念,综述了其促进低碳经济发展的政策体系框架和主要内容,具体包括低碳能源、财政、技术、交通、绿色消费、信息公开、国际合作、宣传教育等政策措施,指出日本低碳经济政策体系中存在的不足之处,并提出我国促进低碳经济发展的政策建议。     

Increased urinary 8-hydroxy-2��-deoxyguanosine levels in workers exposed to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in a waste plastic recycling site in China

Background

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a common plasticizer used in industrial and diverse consumer products. Animal studies indicate DEHP caused developmental, reproductive, and hepatic toxicities. However, human studies of the potential effects of DEHP are limited.

Methods

The exposed site with a history of over 20 years of waste plastic recycling was located in Hunan Province, China. The reference site without known DEHP pollution source was about 50 km far away from the exposed site. In this study, 181 workers working in plastic waste recycling and 160 gender?Cage matched farmers were recruited. DEHP concentrations in water and cultivated soil samples, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), urinary 8-hydroxy-2??-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and micronuclei frequency in human capillary blood lymphocytes were analyzed.

Results

Mean levels of DEHP were greater in environment at the recycling site than at reference site (industry wastewater for the exposed: 42.43 ??g/l; well water: 14.20 vs. 0.79 ??g/l, pond water: 135.68 vs. 0.37 ??g/l, cultivated soil: 13.07 vs. 0.81 mg/kg, p?p?p?Conclusions The occupational DEHP exposure might contribute to oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage in the male workers.     

改性磺化泥炭去除水中双酚A的研究

采用十六烷基三甲基澳化铵(HTAB)对磺化泥炭进行接枝改性,并研究了双酚A在改性磺化泥炭上的吸附特性.研究发现,改性磺化泥炭的C元素由40.12%(质量分散,下同)增加到47.91%,其在水中的Zeta电位升高了27.0 mV.双酚A在磺化泥炭和改性磺化泥炭上的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附...