生活垃圾焚烧发电厂烟尘中重金属沉降对土壤环境影响分析

本文以一日处理生活垃圾2250t的生活垃圾焚烧发电厂为例,根据其重金属的排放量,预测重金属随大气扩散、迁移,最终通过自然降水和自然沉降进入土壤后,对土壤环境的影响。结果表明,项目建成后的20年内,大气评价范围内土壤中重金属的累计值满足《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》 (GB36600-2018)表1中第二类用地筛选值要求。     

Nonferrous metal (loid) s mediate bacterial diversity in an abandoned mine tailing impoundment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Migration and transformation of toxic metal (loid) s in tailing sites inevitably lead to ecological disturbances and serious threats to the...     

武汉市某地域交通噪声控制研究

随着社会经济的迅速发展，交通噪声污染对环境和人们健康的影响受到更多的关注。武珞路一珞瑜路和雄楚大街是武汉市“文化城”的交通主干道，该区域环境噪声在执行4类标准时应尽量遵楚大街交通噪声远大于武珞路循1类标准。对比监测了武珞路-珞瑜路和雄楚大街沿线的交通噪声污染状况，对雄-珞瑜路的状况进行了分析。对比研究表明，采用综合降噪措施能有效控制城市交通噪声污染。     

低浓度下4个取代苯污染物与硝酸铅的混合对发光菌的联合毒性

多种污染物混合特别是低浓度下的混合对生物的联合毒性是生态毒理学研究的热点之一。选择了3类污染物苯酚、间甲基苯酚、苯胺、对硝基苯胺、硝酸铅，采用美国微板光度计测定了它们对发光菌青海弧菌．Q67（Vibrio-qinghaiensissp-Q67）的单一及联合毒性。应用非线性拟合技术模拟了这5种物质及其混合物的剂量．效应曲线，硝酸铅可用Logit模型模拟，其它4个物质能用Weibull模型准确描述，所有拟合相关系数在0．98以上，均方根误差在O．02以下。根据纯物质的EC50值，获得这5个物质的毒性强弱顺序：硝酸铅〉对硝基苯胺〉间甲基苯酚〉苯酚〉苯胺。混合实验设计了各物质在EC50、EC1、无观察效应浓度（noobserved effectcon centration，NOEC）比例的混合。用浓度加和（doseaddition，DA）和独立作用模型（independentaction，IA）对混合物毒性进行预测。IA基本准确预测了这5个物质在各自EC50混合的毒性。DA与队模型都稍微过高地预测了以EC。及NOEC浓度比例混合的联合毒性，但都在毒理学实验容许的范围之内。这5个物质以NOEC混合时对测试生物Q67没有产生明显毒性，但是还不能判定这些物质在此浓度下混合是安全的。污染物在各自的NOEC浓度下混合是否对其它生物有潜在的威胁还需更多毒理学实验支持。     

Microbial response to repeated treatments of manure containing sulfadiazine and chlortetracycline in soil

Substantive addition of antibiotic-contaminated manure to agricultural soil may lead to “persistent” residues of antibiotics and may affect soil health. Therefore, this study examines the effects of repeated manure treatments containing sulfadiazine (SDZ) and chlortetracycline (CTC) residues, both individually and combined, on the functional diversity and structure of soil microbial communities in the soils under laboratory conditions. The average well color development (AWCD), Simpson diversity index (1/D, dominant populations), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′, richness), and McIntosh diversity index (U, evenness) in the antibiotics-treated soils decreased in the first 60-day treatment and then gradually recovered or even exceeded the initial level in the unamended soils with increasing treatment frequency. A total of 11 specific bands in temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) profiles were observed and sequence analyzed for five repeated treatments, and most of them belonged to the phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. These results indicate that repeated treatments of manure containing SDZ and CTC residues can alter soil microbial community structure, although they have a temporary suppression effect on soil microbial functional diversity.     

Regional Economic Types and Development Strategy of Small Towns in Suburb Beijing

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to classify the regional economic types and development dynamics of small towns in suburb Beijing by applying the classification methods developed by Nelson’s method and Location Quotient method into 183 small towns in Beijing. Four types of small towns are thus identified, including urban agriculture dominated towns, manufacturing dominated towns, service industry dominated towns and comprehensive type towns with balanced economic development. Within the environment of geographical information system, the spatial distribution pattern of four types of small towns with their evolution trend is analyzed. The results indicate that four types of small towns have obvious ‘core-periphery’ spatial structure but with different functional orientations and evolution mechanisms. Based on this, the different development strategies for each type of small towns are summarized, providing a scientific reference for the differentiating planning and development strategies of these small towns.     

煤矿中人员角色与不安全行为的动态灰色关联分析

人的不安全行为和物的不安全状态是事故发生的两个重要因素,而事故的发生,往往很大一部分都是由人的不安全行为导致的,控制人的不安全行为能够有效地预防事故的发生.运用一种动态的、关注人的不安全行为的灰色关联分析方法,在搜集、整理、分析了2008年至2011年间某煤业公司的三违情况基础之上,以通风专业为例,对该专业所包含工种所发生的三违情况进行分类统计,建立动态灰色关联模型,运用动态灰色关联分析得到每个专业工种与三违之间的关联度,根据它们之间关联度,提出应重点预防与管理的工种.通过对关联度较大的工种的重点预防与管理,能够有效地减少人的不安全行为的发生,促进企业的安全生产.     

龙泉湖浮游植物群落分布及季节变化

2008年5月~2009年4月对龙泉湖的浮游植物群落结构进行了研究。结果表明:龙泉湖浮游植物共计8门,71属,225种(含变种和变型),种群结构主要以蓝藻、绿藻和硅藻为主。浮游植物种类组成季节变化显著,冬季、初春以硅藻为主,夏秋季以蓝藻为优势,并将优势从5月持续至10月。龙泉湖浮游植物数量变化在5.26×105个/L~636.77×105个/L之间,标志龙泉湖的水体营养程度较高。     

超长回采工作面微震特征的影响因素研究*

为探讨超长工作面微震特征影响因素,采用微震监测技术研究42108工作面微震事件的空间分布特征及冲刷构造、推进速度、矿压对煤岩体微震事件特征的影响机制。研究结果表明:微震事件集中发生于工作面辅运巷侧,微震事件的空间分布受临近采空区、上覆煤层煤柱影响较大;微震事件能量和空间分布特征与推进速度相关性较差,当推进速度超过5.5 m/d后,微震事件频次、总能量与推进速度呈正相关;过冲刷构造时工作面推进速度降低,微震能量、频次的稳定性较差,易造成大能量积聚,使工作面危险性增大;微震事件集中发生位置与矿压值较大区域相吻合。