分解长江经济带生产用水量、生活用水量时空差异的驱动效应,有利于用水总量控制目标的顺利实现。采用LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)方法,兼顾生产用水和生活用水,将用水总量时空差异分解为生产强度效应、产业结构效应、经济规模效应、生活强度效应和人口规模效应。结果显示:生产用水量是长江经济带及各省份用水总量变化的主要来源,生活用水量对用水总量的促增作用也逐渐增强;生产强度效应、产业结构效应是抑制用水总量增加的主要和次要因素,而经济规模效应、生活强度效应是促进用水总量增加的主要和次要因素,人口规模效应对用水总量的促增作用相对较弱;农业、工业经济增长都促进了用水总量增加,尤其是农业,农业、工业用水强度普遍下降及农业增加值所占比重下降,都促进了用水总量下降;生产用水量是各省份用水总量空间差异的主要来源,各省份用水总量与江苏、重庆空间差异的驱动因素存在差异性。因此,各省份应该贯彻落实高质量发展、转变经济增长方式,重点开展生产环节节水、兼顾生活环节,继续降低产业用水强度、优化升级产业结构,加强生活用水定额管理、提高节水意识,各省份可以以江苏、重庆为参考对象,依据用水总量空间差异驱动因素,充分挖掘可行的节水路径。 相似文献
A major challenge in recycling of silicon powder from kerf loss slurry waste is the complete removal of metal particles. The traditional acid leaching method is costly and not green. In this paper, a novel approach to recover high-purity Si from the kerf loss slurry waste of solar grade silicon was investigated. The metal impurities were removed with superconducting high gradient magnetic separation technology. The effects of process parameters such as magnetic flux density, slurry density, and slurry flow velocity on the removal efficiency were investigated, and the parameters were optimized. In one lot of control experiments, the silicon content was increased from 90.91 to 95.83%, iron content reduced from 3.24 to 0.57%, and aluminum content from 2.44 to 1.51% under the optimum conditions of magnetic flux density of 4.0 T, slurry density of 20 g/L, and slurry flow velocity of 500 mL/min. The result indicates that the superconducting high gradient magnetic separation technology is a feasible purifying method, and the magnetic separation concentrate could be used as an intermediate product for high-purity Si powder.