醋酸纤维素小孔径超滤膜的研究

用醋酸纤维素(CA)为聚合物材料,研制出了截留分子量2000—10000、对PEG截留率为90％以上的小孔径超滤膜.并就铸膜液组成,制膜条件及膜的透过特性等进行了实验.     

慢速渗滤土地处理法去除污水中污染物的效率研究

本文就不同水质、不同水量、不同作物对慢速渗滤系统中污染物去除效率进行了探讨.通过该法与其它土地处理法和人工常规二级、三级污水处理技术对污染物去除率的比较,表明慢速渗滤土地处理法效果更好.     

污泥施肥时重金属镍对农作物的毒害研究

采用盆栽和小区试验,研究了在石灰性土壤中镍污染对小麦和水稻的影响;两种作物对土壤中镍的吸收、迁移和累积规律。建议农田污泥施肥时镍的控制标准为330PPm。     

国产十种合成洗衣粉诱发华西大蟾蜍(Bufo bufo andrewsi)蝌蚪红细胞微核的研究

研究了国产10种洗衣粉对华西大蟾蜍(Bufo bufo andrewsi)蝌蚪红细胞微核的诱变,结果表明“活力28超浓缩无泡加香”洗衣粉,“TM”及“SD”洗衣粉(1.2,6.0及12.0ppm)诱发蝌蚪微核率增高。在我们实验条件下,另外7种合成洗衣粉中的5种在12.0ppm浓度组也引起微核率升高。     

Simultaneous quantification of fifty-one odor-causing compounds in drinking water using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry

A wide range of compounds with various structural features can cause taste and odor(TO)problems in drinking water. It would be desirable to determine all of these compounds using a simple analytical method. In this paper, a sensitive method combining liquid–liquid extraction(LLE) with gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(GC–MS/MS)was established to simultaneously analyze 51 odor-causing compounds in drinking water,including organic sulfides, aldehydes, benzenes, phenols, ethers, esters, ketones, nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin. Three deuterated analogs of target analytes, dimethyl disulfide-d6, benzaldehyde-d6 and o-cresol-3,4,5,6-d4,were used to correct the variations in recovery, and five isotope-labeled internal standards(4-chlorotoluene-d4, 1, 4-dichlorobenzene-d4, naphthalene-d8, acenaphthene-d10, phenanthrene-d10 respectively) were used prior to analysis to correct the variations arising from instrument fluctuations and injection errors. The calibration curves of the target compounds showed good linearity(R2 0.99, level = 7),and method detection limits(MDLs) below 1/10 of the odor threshold concentrations were achieved for most of the odorants(0.10–20.55 ng/L). The average recoveries of most of the analytes in tap water samples were between 70% and 120%, and the method was reproducible(RSD 20%, n = 7). Additionally, concentrations of odor-causing compounds in water samples collected from three drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs) were analyzed by this method.According to the results, dimethyl trisulfide, dimethyl disulfide and indole were considered to be the key odorants responsible for the swampy/septic odor. 2-Methylisoborneol and geosmin were detected as the main odor-causing compounds for musty/earthy odor in DWTP B.     

基于耗散结构理论的驾驶中人因失误分析研究

通过对耗散结构理论的分析,建立了驾驶系统的耗散结构动态模型。基于此模型,从负熵流、扰动、非线性机制以及系统的初始稳定值几个方面对驾驶中人因失误出现的原因进行了分析。文章将耗散结构理论作为分析人因失误的工具,为研究驾驶中的人因失误提供了一种新的视角。     

原油输送站清罐作业闪爆事故技术分析

1事故概况2010年6月29日16时40分左右,辽阳某公司原油输送站1个30000m3原油罐在清罐作业过程中,发生可燃气体闪爆事故,致使罐内作业人员3人死亡,7人受伤。2010年6月,该公司原油输送站对1个30000m3原油罐进行清罐作业,该罐顶部设有3个通风口,下部设有2个人孔、1个排渣口。25日上午9时厂方采用0.3MPa压力的蒸汽进行蒸罐,持续时间77h,28日下午2点停止供应蒸汽,然后打开各罐孔进行自然冷却。     

东黄复线虞河跨越管段焊接补强导致管道弯曲问题的分析

为了解决东黄复线虞河跨越管线补强采用传统的焊接补板所带来的管线承重增加和焊缝增加引起的管线弯曲变形问题,采用有限元分析软件对管道弯曲问题进行计算分析,认为管道应力集中最严重的东侧弯头,在运行压力为4MPa的情况下,弯头处最大Mises等效应力为钢材屈服强度的64．58％,满足GB50253-2003《输油管道工程设计规范》要求。但为增加安全,可采取再设立一个固定支撑等措施。     

IAHP法在建筑施工企业环境因素评价中的应用

针对传统层次分析法（AHP）计算过程中元素相对重要性难以判定且一致性检验计算量偏大的缺点,改进型层次分析法（IAHP）采用三标度法联合自调节方法构造比较矩阵,并转化为一致判断矩阵。结合实例介绍了IAHP法的运用,该方法易于进行元素相对重要性赋值,使专家和决策者较易接受,且不需要进行一致性检验。明显降低了运算量。