调理剂对CAF污泥浓缩工艺影响的试验研究

涡凹气浮（CAF）已广泛应用于工业废水和城市污水的预处理中.由于污泥本身的特性原因,CAF在污泥处理中尚没有应用.通过试验投加污泥调理剂改变污泥的特性,以达到将CAF工艺用于浓缩活性污泥的目的.试验表明,CAF工艺浓缩低浓度剩余活性污泥效果很好,但正确选择污泥调理剂的投加点和投加量对CAF污泥浓缩工艺至关重要.     

Synchronous-scan fluorescence spectra of Chlorella vulgaris solution

The characterization of the Chlorella vulgaris solution was carried out using synchronous-scan spectroscopy. The range of concentration of algae and Fe(III) in aqueous solutions were 5 × 10⁸–8 × 10⁹ cells l⁻¹ and 10–60 μM, respectively. Effective characterization method used was synchronous-scan fluorescence spectroscopy. The wavelength difference (Δλ) of 90 nm was maintained between excitation and emission wavelengths; 90 nm was found to be the best Δλ for effective characterization of Chlorella vulgaris solution with or without quencher species (e.g., Fe(III), humic acid (HA)) for the first time. The peak was observed at about EX 236.6 nm/EM 326.6 nm for synchronous-scan fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence quenching of algae in system of algae–Fe(III)–HA was studied using synchronous-scan spectroscopy for the first time. Fe(III) was clearly the effective quencher. The relationship between I₀/I (quenching efficiency) and c (concentration of Fe(III) added) was a linear correlation for the algae solution with Fe(III). Also, Aldrich humic acid was found to be an effective quencher. pH effect on synchronous-scan fluorescence intensity of algal solution with Fe(III) and/or HA was evident.     

菌丝体表面分子印迹壳聚糖吸附剂对Cr3+的吸附性能研究

菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂所保留的印迹对过渡金属离子有着良好的吸附作用,以Cr3 作为吸附离子,系统研究了该吸附剂的吸附特性和影响因素.结果表明:吸附剂对Cr3 的饱和吸附容量可达60 mg/g;其吸附行为满足Langmuir方程式.初始浓度为200 mg/L时,最佳吸附pH在3～4,吸附容量可达到50 mg/g左右,离子强度对吸附没有影响,用0.5 mol/L硝酸或硫酸解吸Cr3 ,解吸率在90%以上.     

Photodegradation of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol in aqueous solution exposed to a high-pressure mercury lamp (250 W)

The photodegradation of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE(2)) induced by high-pressure mercury lamp (lambda> or =313, 250 W) in aqueous solution of EE(2) was investigated initially. The affecting factors on the photodegradation were studied and described in details, such as EE(2) initial concentration, Fe(3+), algae, exposure time, and so on. The concentration of EE(2) in distilled water was mainly determined using fluorescence spectrophotometer. The photodegradation of EE(2) in aqueous solution exposed to high-pressure mercury lamp was evident and could be accelerated by Fe(3+) or algae (e.g. Anabaena cylindrica) in general. With the algae concentration increasing, photodegradation rate increased. In this paper, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of EE(2) by Fe(3+) or algae is discussed primarily.     

沸石曝气生物滤池去除氨氮性能及生物学特征分析

天然沸石具有较大的孔隙率和比表面积,对氨氮有较强的选择性离子交换能力.运用天然沸石曝气生物滤池处理城市污水厂二级生化出水,结果表明,曝气生物滤池有良好的去除效果.在气水比为3∶1,水力负荷为1 m/h,温度＞20℃情况下,沸石曝气生物滤池对城市污水厂二级生化出水COD去除率为12.7%,NH3-N去除率为96.6%;试验系统沿程微生物活性和微生物量呈现逐渐下降趋势,而单位生物量的生物活性沿程分布则与此相反;曝气生物滤池对水中污染物的去除主要集中在底部进水端部分,当水流达到距进水端上方105 cm时,曝气生物滤池对水中NH3-N的去除率已达86.8%(占氨氮总去除率的90%),COD的去除率为13.3%(占COD总去除率的67%).     

交联菌丝体吸附剂的制备及其对Cr^3＋的吸附特性

深入研究了交联菌丝体吸附剂的制备工艺及其对Cr^3＋的吸附特性。交联菌丝体吸附剂制备工艺简单，但在制备过程中，活化剂NaOH和交联剂的用量对吸附特性影响较大。与纯菌丝体吸附剂相比，交联菌丝体吸附剂表观吸附容量提高48％，达到49．83mg／g（pH=2．53，水溶液中的Cr^3＋浓度为600mg／L），同时其机械强度明显增强。交联菌丝体吸附剂对Cr^3＋的吸附特点是将沉淀法与吸附法相结合，将沉淀与吸附两过程合二为一，从而简化了处理工艺，降低了处理成本。     

Electrokinetic remediation of a Cu-Zn contaminated red soil by controlling the voltage and conditioning catholyte pH

Electrokinetics is an innovative technique for treating heavy metals contaminated soil, especially low pH soils such as the Chinese red soil (Udic Ferrisols). In this paper, a Cu-Zn contaminated red soil is treated by electrokinetics. When the Cu-Zn contaminated red soil was treated without control of catholyte pH during the electrokinetic treatment, the soil pH in the soil sections near cathode after the experiment was high above 6, which resulted in accumulation of large amounts of Cu and Zn in the soil sections with such high pH values. Compared to soil Cu, soil Zn was more efficiently removed from the soil by a controlled electrokinetic method. Application of lactic acid as catholyte pH conditioning solution caused an efficient removal of Cu and Zn from the soil. Increasing the electrolyte strength (salt concentration) of the conditioning solution further increased Cu removal, but did not cause a significant improvement for soil Zn. Soil Cu and Zn fractions after the electrokinetic treatments were analyzed using sequential extraction method, which indicated that Cu and Zn precipitation in the soil section closest to the cathode in the treatments without catholyte pH control limited their removal from the soil column. When the catholyte pH was controlled by lactic acid and CaCl(2), the soil Cu and Zn removal percentage after 554 h running reached 63% and 65%, respectively. Moreover, both the residual soil Cu and Zn concentrations were lower than 100 mg kg(-1), which is adequate and meets the requirement of the Chinese soil environmental quality standards.     

环境中内分泌干扰物质的研究概述

在总结最新文献的基础上，就环境中的内分泌干扰物质的概念，研究背景，研究方法，在环境中的分布情况作了简单综述和介绍，并对有待开展的研究提出了建议，为国内在环境内分泌干扰物方面的研究提供参考。     

双碱法多级雾化超重力旋转床烟气脱硫研究

多级雾化超重力旋转床是一种新型的强化传质设备 ,适合于大流量的废气处理。本文选择NaOH Ca(OH) 2双碱法烟气脱硫工艺进行了实验研究 ,考察了再生液的PH0 值、液气比及气体中的SO2 初始浓度等对脱硫率的影响     

深圳市观澜河流域水土流失规律研究

深圳市观澜河流域地处南亚热带,受自然因素和人为因素的影响,流域存在着严重的水土流失,改革开放以来,流域的大片土地被开发成了工业开发区。工业开发区在建设阶段,机械夷平土地所形成的各种松散的堆积坡,引起了新的水土流失类型。本文研究和探讨了该流域的水土流失规律及水土流失对流域水环境的影响。