新型伞形罩烟气洗涤器的性能研究

针对中小型燃煤锅炉的粉尘和二氧化硫等有害气体的污染问题,开发出一种新型伞形罩烟气洗涤器。以粉煤灰、空气和水为物系,测试了伞形罩烟气洗涤器的压降(ΔP)、除尘效率和动力消耗。实验的入口气速为10～18m/s,含尘浓度为2～22g/m3,液气比(L/G)0～0.8L/m3。结果表明:伞形罩洗涤器的ΔP较小,在250～750Pa范围内;当L/G为0.2L/m3时,除尘效率达98.8%以上,动力消耗约0.06×10-3kW.h/m3(气体约216Pa),实现节能高效的目的。     

Pollution havens and industrial agglomeration

This paper examines the pollution haven hypothesis using a spatial-economy model of two countries and two sectors. The manufacturing sector generates cross-border pollution which reduces cross-sectoral productivity of agricultural goods, and lowers local income. We derive a demand-reducing effect that discourages firms to move to the country with laxer environmental regulations, in the absence of any comparative advantage. Our analysis also demonstrates that manufacturing agglomeration forces can alleviate the pollution-haven effect: a pollution haven may not arise if environmental regulation is slightly more stringent in the larger country.     

Shellac-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for removal of cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solution

This study describes a new effective adsorbent for cadmium removal from aqueous solution synthesized by coating a shellac layer, a natural biodegradable and renewable resin with abundant hydroxyl and carboxylic groups, on the surface of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging showed shellac-coated magnetic nanoparticle (SCMN) adsorbents had a core-shell structure with a core of 20 nm and shell of 5 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic analysis suggested the occurrence of reaction between carboxyl groups on the SCMN adsorbent surface and cadmium ions in aqueous solution. Kinetic data were well described by pseudo second-order model and adsorption isotherms were fitted with both Langmuir and Freundlich models with maximum adsorption capacity of 18.80 mg/g. SCMN adsorbents provided a favorable adsorption capacity under high salinity conditions, and cadmium could easily be desorbed using mild organic acid solutions at low concentration.     

液态聚合氯化铝铁深度除磷的优化研究

以北京市生活废水为研究对象,考察了液态聚合氯化铝铁及与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)协同作用下除磷效果及其影响因素。结果表明,液态聚合氯化铝铁与PAM复合作用时对除磷效果有一定的提高,明确了PAM的最佳投加量、最佳搅拌强度、最佳搅拌时间和pH,并得出了影响混凝效果因素的主次顺序为:pH值搅拌时间搅拌强度投加量。     

锅炉监控仪表的改进与实践

在原有"锅炉高低水位报警器"的基础上,研制出锅炉智能监控仪表.该仪表系统实现了自动操作、失误防护、报警及连锁保护等功能,对锅炉各类事故有积极的预防作用.     

In situ preparation of g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 complex and its elevated photoactivity in Methyl Orange degradation under visible light

A graphite carbon nitride(g-C₃N₄) modified Bi₄O₅I₂ composite was successfully prepared insitu via the thermal treatment of a g-C₃N₄/Bi OI precursor at 400°C for 3 hr.The as-prepared g-C₃N₄/Bi₄O₅I₂ showed high photocatalytic performance in Methyl Orange(MO) degradation under visible light.The best sample presented a degradation rate of 0.164 min^-1,which is...     

锑矿开采条件下矿井水酸化过程分析

矿山开采过程产生的酸性排水及其携带的重金属对生态环境造成了严重的危害,其防控的关键在于控酸,因此矿井水酸化过程的解析可为矿山酸性排水的源头防控提供理论依据。本文以独山半坡锑矿为研究区,采集矿井内部不同区域水体样品32件,通过对水体酸化的矿物端元解析和重金属的共氧化过程、离子水解过程以及不同类型矿井水的混合过程分析,揭示了矿井水的酸化过程。结果表明,矿井内辉锑矿与黄铁矿的氧化使流经的矿井水具有低p H和高硫酸根的特征,与未受矿业活动影响的地下水具有明显差异。在矿井水流动过程中,Sb(Ⅲ)与Fe(Ⅱ)的共氧化过程消耗了氢离子,不同水体混合过程中碳酸氢根对酸的缓冲作用明显,以上过程延缓了矿井水的酸化;由于水体酸化使Al、Mn、Fe等离子溶出,而这些离子可能发生的水解过程加速了矿井水的酸化。     

沱江沉积物中有机氯农药分布特征及其与藻类有机质的关系和生态风险评估

使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了长江支流沱江流域48个表层沉积物中有机氯农药(organochlorine pesticides, OCPs)的残留水平,探讨了其分布和组成特征及其与总有机碳(total organic carbon, TOC)、藻类有机质之间的关系,以及评估其生态风险.结果表明沱江流域表层沉积物中OCPs的总含量为3.17～127 ng·g^-1,其中六六六(hexachlorocyclohexane, HCHs)类农药的含量为2.83～86.0 ng·g^-1,滴滴涕(dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, DDTs)类农药的含量为0.340～40.9 ng·g^-1.OCPs空间分布特点为:上游<中游<下游<支流.HCHs和DDTs的组成成分分析表明,沱江流域存在林丹输入的现象,主要来自于历史残留,这与绝大多数流域的DDTs的输入状况相似.OCPs含量与TOC、藻类有机质含量之间存在着极显著的正相关性关系,表明藻类有机质在TOC对沉积物中的OCPs分配中起更为重要...     

Morphology-dependent interfacial interactions of Fe2O3 with Ag nanoparticles for determining the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol

In this work,we fabricated three kinds of Ag/Fe₂O₃ model catalysts with different morphologies to study the interfacial interactions between Ag and Fe₂O₃,and how they affected the catalytic activity in hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol was explored.The hydrothermal method was used to synthesize the metal oxide supported silver catalyst,with various morphologies including nanoplates(NPs),nanospheres(NSs),and nanocubes(NCs).The crystal structure,morphology ...     

絮凝剂用壳聚糖的中试生产研究

在实验室制备絮凝剂用壳聚糖的基础上,按工业化生产的要求对壳聚糖进行了中试生产研究.经正交试验确定了生产过程中脱钙、脱蛋白、脱乙酰等3步反应的最佳工艺参数. 由此中试工艺生产的壳聚糖的生产成本比国内同类产品下降了22%,生产周期缩短了66%,且主要性能指标均达到或超过国内外同类产品的水平.