室内环境污染危害及防治

介绍了我国室内环境污染问题的现状和室内环境中的主要污染物及其来源, 分析了室内环境污染对人体健康的危害,提出了针对室内环境污染的防治措施.     

沈阳地区冬季空气颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析

文章利用2016～2017年冬季沈阳地区气象数据和环境空气污染物浓度数据,综合分析沈阳地区冬季环境空气污染特征,分析颗粒物输送路径以及潜在源区贡献情况.结果表明,沈阳地区冬季污染时段内PM2.5是主要污染物,PM2.5平均浓度达到149μg/m3,最大值达到273 μg/m3.沈阳地区环境空气颗粒物除来源于本地排放外,...     

盐效萃取法从电子产品清洗废液中回收异丙醇

用盐效萃取法从电子产品清洗废液中回收片丙醇,考察了碳酸钾水溶液与该清洗废液的质量比对脱水率的影响,测定了异丙醇-水-碳酸钾体系存40℃时的液液相平衡数据,用Pitzer理论和NRTL方程对液液相平衡数据进行了理论计算。结果表明：当质量分数为60．00％的碳酸钾水溶液与该废液的质晕比为2．00时,脱水率高达90．00％;将有机相进行精馏可得到质量分数为99．50％的异丙醇;计算值与实测值接近,水相和有机相的绝对平均偏差分别为0．62％和0．46％。     

膜过滤-气相色谱法测定涂料中的苯系物、环己酮和甲苯二异氰酸酯

采用膜过滤-气相色谱法测定涂料中的苯系物、环己酮和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TD I）。用7种规格的石英毛细管色谱柱对混合标准溶液和涂料试样进行了分析实验,实验结果表明,不同属性的涂料试样添加固定量的正十四烷作内标物,经膜过滤净化后,苯系物、环己酮和TD I可采用DB-1-3或DB-1-2色谱柱同时分离并测定。测试数据经多级校准曲线处理后涂料试样中苯系物、环己酮和TD I的加标回收率为98.6%～101.8%,各组分分析结果的变异系数均小于2.0%,检出限均小于1.50×10^-5g。     

Pathways regulating nitrogen removal in constructed ditch wetlands: effects of different inflow ratios and artificial aeration

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Constructed ditch wetland (CDW) is a combination of idle ditch and constructed wetland, which is typically used in rural areas to remove pollutants...     

Neurological effects of subchronic exposure to dioctyl phthalate (DOP), lead,and arsenic,individual and mixtures,in immature mice

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (200, 500, and 1000 mg kg?1 bw, i.g.), Pb (Ac)2 (50 mg L?1, p.o.), and NaAsO2 (10 mg L?1, p.o.) were...     

长江中下游地区冬小麦春季涝渍害灾损风险时空分布特征

通过长江中下游地区1961~2010年（3~5月）逐日气象资料，利用冬小麦春季涝渍害的监测指数模型和灾损风险评估模型进行历史反演，分析了春季涝渍害的发生和灾损风险区划的时空分布特征。结果表明：长江中下游地区冬小麦春季涝渍害频发于沿江及以南地区，且30%以上年份造成冬小麦减产。冬小麦春季涝渍害灾损风险空间分布特征明显、南高北低，年代际变化显著。其中，10 a尺度下以1960年代涝渍害灾损高风险范围最大，分布在鄂东、安徽的淮河以南及江苏的江淮西部地区，其次是1970年代和1990年代，2000年代高风险区范围最小，仅零星分布在江南局部地区；30 a尺度下各年代际涝渍害灾损风险呈高值区南缩减小、低值区逐渐扩大的趋势。     

Microbial lipid production from banana straw hydrolysate and ethanol stillage

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, the feasibility of banana straw (BS) hydrolysate as carbon source and reutilizing the pretreated liquor (PL) of BS in the...     

土地利用规划在风景名胜保护中的应用研究

探讨了土地利用规划与风景名胜保护的关系，并以武汉市为例。进行了实证分析。将武汉市土地利用风景名胜资源分为极度、重度、中度、轻度和非敏感区5个等级。并提出了相应的保护对策。为该市的土地利用规划修编提供科学依据。     

First-trimester screening for Down syndrome; the role of nasal bone assessment in the Korean population

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of nasal bone assessment in first-trimester screening for Down syndrome (DS) in the Korean population. Methods From July 2004 to March 2006, we prospectively evaluated the fetal nasal bones at 11–14 weeks' gestation in the Korean population. Results A successful evaluation was possible in 6490 of 6787 fetuses (95.6%). Absent, hypoechoic, and short nasal bones were seen in 4 (26.7%), 4 (26.7%), and 1 (6.7%) of 15 fetuses with DS, respectively, whereas in 5 (0.1%), 11 (0.2%), and 246 (3.8%) of 6456 normal fetuses. The incidence of absent and hypoechoic nasal bone showed significant differences between normal fetuses and fetuses with DS (P < 0.0005, both). Screening for DS using an absent or hypoechoic nasal bone resulted in a sensitivity of 53.3%, a specificity of 99.8%, a positive likelihood ratio of 215.2, and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.5. Conclusion Our study showed that nasal bone abnormality at 11–14 weeks of gestation had a high association with DS in the Korean population. This suggests that nasal bone assessment can be used to supplement the current first-trimester screening for DS in the Korean population. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.