Fe2O3/膨润土微波诱导氧化处理染料废水

以膨润土为载体,采用直接沉淀法制备了Fe2O3/膨润土负载型催化剂。制备催化剂的最佳工艺条件:硝酸铁质量浓度为8.08g/L,硝酸铁与膨润土质量比为1.0,焙烧温度为350℃,焙烧时间为3h。用Fe2O3/膨润土负载型催化剂微波诱导氧化处理50mL质量浓度为50mg/L的模拟活性嫩黄废水的最佳工艺条件:催化剂加入量为0.5g,微波功率为900W,微波作用时间为5min。在此条件下模拟活性嫩黄废水脱色率达96.40%。微波诱导氧化处理模拟活性嫩黄废水的反应符合一级反应动力学方程。     

活性碳纤维吸附废气中的丙烯酸和甲苯

采用动态吸附法探讨了在活性碳纤维对模拟废气中丙烯酸和甲苯的吸附过程中,各因素对活性碳纤维穿透吸附量和饱和吸附量的影响。实验结果表明,在模拟废气中丙烯酸质量分数为0.2%、双柱塞泵流量为6.1mL/h、载气流量为1.60L/min的条件下,穿透时间为10min,活性碳纤维的穿透吸附量为227.5mg/g,饱和吸附时间为40min,活性碳纤维的饱和吸附量为460.0m g/g。     

溶剂热法合成SnWO4及其可见光催化活性

采用溶剂热法合成了新型的可见光催化剂SnWO4,以甲基橙为目标污染物,考察了合成温度、合成时间和煅烧工艺对催化剂可见光催化活性的影响。实验结果表明:煅烧工艺会明显降低催化剂的光催化活性;在合成温度为180℃、合成时间为8h、未煅烧的条件下,合成的催化剂的光催化效果最好,光照90min后,对甲基橙的降解率可达99.93%。     

壳聚糖三元接枝共聚物的合成及其阻垢性能

以壳聚糖(CTS)、衣康酸(IA)和马来酸酐(MA)为原料,以醋酸为溶剂、(NH_4)_2S_2O_8为引发剂,合成了CTS-IA-MA三元接枝共聚物。聚合反应的最佳条件为:反应温度90℃,n(CTS):n(IA):n(MA)=1:1.5:1.0,引发剂质量分数0.35%,反应时间5 h。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表征,所得产物为CTS-IA-MA接枝共聚物。三元接枝共聚物质量浓度为50 mg/L、水样pH为中性或弱酸性时三元接枝共聚物对CaCO_3的阻垢效果较好。     

层状双氢氧化物的合成及其对硼酸根的吸附

对不同层间阴离子类型的Zn-Al型层状双氢氧化物(Zn-Al-LDHs)进行了共沉淀合成,将合成的不同层间阴离子类型的Zn-Al-LDHs用于吸附模拟废水中的硼酸根。实验结果表明:当层间阴离子为NO_3~-时,Zn-Al-NO_3~--LDHs对硼酸根有最大的吸附量;在硼酸根初始质量浓度为100mg/L、废水pH为9、振荡时间为3 h时,Zn-Al-NO_3~--LDHs对硼酸根的吸附量为3.014 mg/g,吸附趋于饱和。     

液相色谱-质谱法测定水中氨基甲酸酯类农药及其代谢物

建立了直接测定水中10种氨基甲酸酯类农药及其代谢物的超高效液相色谱-质谱分析方法。该方法对水样无需进行富集处理,水样过滤后就可以直接测定。实验结果表明:测定液中各氨基甲酸酯类农药及其代谢物的质量浓度与离子对峰面积在质量浓度0.5～1 000.0μg/L内具有良好的线性关系;方法检出限为0.1～5.0μg/L;加标回收率91%～103%;相对标准偏差为2%～5%。该方法具有简便快捷、灵敏度高的特点。     

偕胺肟合铁(Ⅲ)纤维对α-萘酚的吸附

以腈纶纤维为原料络合Fe3+制得偕胺肟合铁(Ⅲ)纤维,用其处理α-萘酚溶液,研究了偕胺肟合铁(Ⅲ)纤维对α-萘酚的吸附工艺条件和吸附动力学参数。实验结果表明,偕胺肟合铁(Ⅲ)纤维对α-萘酚的最佳吸附工艺条件为pH=3.0、吸附温度313.15K和吸附时间45min。在最佳工艺条件下,偕胺肟合铁(Ⅲ)纤维对α-萘酚的吸附在所研究的α-萘酚浓度范围内符合Freundlich等温吸附方程。未达到饱和吸附前,偕胺肟合铁(Ⅲ)纤维对α-萘酚的吸附符合一级反应动力学特征。     

Occupational hazards to health of port workers

Objectives. The aim of this article is to reduce the risk of occupational hazards and improve safety conditions by enhancing hazard knowledge and identification as well as improving safety behavior for freight port enterprises. Methods. In the article, occupational hazards to health and their prevention measures of freight port enterprises have been summarized through a lot of occupational health evaluation work, experience and understanding. Results. Workers of freight port enterprises confront an equally wide variety of chemical, physical and psychological hazards in production technology, production environment and the course of labor. Such health hazards have been identified, the risks evaluated, the dangers to health notified and effective prevention measures which should be put in place to ensure the health of the port workers summarized. Discussion. There is still a long way to go for the freight port enterprises to prevent and control the occupational hazards. Except for occupational hazards and their prevention measures, other factors that influence the health of port workers should also be paid attention to, such as age, work history, gender, contraindication and even the occurrence and development rules of occupational hazards in current production conditions.     

Acoustic detection technology for gas pipeline leakage

Gas leakage from pipeline leads to significant environmental damages and industrial hazards, so small leakage detection for gas pipeline is essential to avoid these serious leakages. However, because of the high frequency component of leakage signal attenuates quickly, traditional detection method which inspects pressure or vibration signal has problem to get effective information from leakage signal. So, a novel detection method based on acoustic wave is proposed. This paper, firstly, researches on the phonation principle of pipeline leakage and the characteristic of sound source, and simulates the leakage acoustic field on the basis of aero acoustics. Secondly, using Wavelet Packet Transform method and Fuzzy Support Vector Machine pattern classification, the laboratory testing for identifying acoustic signal of gas pipeline leakage is presented. Finally, the field application demonstrates that the detection system could identify small gas leakage effectively and avoids false-alarms which caused by running conditions with a good prospect.