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Systematical strategies for wastewater treatment and the generated wastes and greenhouse gases in China 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Jingbo GUO Fang MA Yuanyuan QU Ang LI Liang WANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(2):271-279
China now faces double challenges of water resources shortage and severe water pollution. To resolve Chinese water pollution problems and reduce its impacts on human health, economic growth and social development, the situation of wastewater treatment was investigated. Excess sludge and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted during wastewater treatment were also surveyed. It is concluded that Chinese water pollution problems should be systematically resolved with inclusion of wastewater and the solid waste and GHGs generated during wastewater treatment. Strategies proposed for the wastewater treatment in China herein were also adequate for other countries, especially for the developing countries with similar economic conditions to China. 相似文献
424.
基于浮游生物群落对环境压力变化的响应,参照美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)颁布的生物学基准计算方法,结合理化因子,采用综合指数法计算了我国太湖流域和辽河流域的生态学基准值.计算框架为:①确定流域水环境生态学基准参照点和生态学基准指标;②作出参照点各基准指标box分布图并进行评分;③将各生态学基准指标得分等权重相加,并把90分位数值作为该流域的基准值.结果表明:我国太湖流域夏、冬季的生态学基准值分别为94.7和86.7,辽河流域夏、冬季的生态学基准值分别为100.0和96.4.通过该基准值可较好地区分2009年辽河流域和太湖流域夏、冬季采样点位的生境优劣,这说明基于浮游生物群落变化来计算生态学基准值的方法是可行的. 相似文献
425.
Fang Guor-Cheng Chen Yu-Cheng Lo Chaur-Tsuen Cho Meng-Hsien Zhuang Yuan-Jie Tsai Kai-Hsiang Huang Chao-Yang Xiao You-Fu 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2018,40(1):461-472
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The concentrations of particulates and metallic elements that were bound to total suspended particulates in ambient air at Long Cyuan Elementary School... 相似文献
426.
The temporal changes of the concentration level of typical toxic organics in the river sediments around Beijing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Qiang Li Xiong Xu Yaoyao Fang Ruiyang Xiao Donghong Wang Wenjue Zhong 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(6):8
In this study, the current situation of five types of toxic organics and endocrine disrupters in the sediments of rivers around Beijing, i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), organic chlorinated pesticides (OCPs), estrogens (Es), and bisphenol A (BPA), which included 56 contaminants, was analyzed and compared with that registered by the historical literatures. The ecological risks were also assessed. The total concentration of PAHs, PAEs, OCPs, Es, and BPA ranged from 232.5 ng·g–1 to 5429.7 ng·g–1, 2047.2 ng·g–1 to 18051.5 ng·g–1, 4.5 ng·g–1 to 11.7 ng·g–1, 18.1 ng·g–1 to 105.2 ng·g–1, and 36.3 ng·g–1 to 69.6 ng·g–1, respectively. Among these five types of organic compounds, the concentration levels of PAHs and OCPs have decreased significantly in the last ten years, while those of PAEs and Es had an upward trend compared with the previous studies. BPA still remained at a moderately high level, as it was ten years ago. The risks of the PAEs in all of the sample sites, and fluoranthene, benzo[a]anthrene, and benzo[a]pyrene in the Wenyu River sediment, were relatively high. These results supplemented the database of toxic organics’ concentration levels in the sediments of Beijing rivers. 相似文献
427.
为了解我国火电行业温室气体排放情况,参考《IPCC国家温室气体排放清单指南》中固定源燃烧温室气体排放量计算方法学部门方法的相关内容,利用实测的温室气体排放因子以及2007年火电行业活动水平数据,计算火电行业温室气体排放量. 排放因子测算及排放量计算过程均遵循IPCC关于温室气体排放计算的质量保证和质量控制内容. 结果表明,2007年我国火电行业CO2与N2O排放量分别为2.81×109和1.56×105 t.同时使用参考方法,利用国家级能源统计数据直接计算火电行业CO2排放量.将部门方法与参考方法计算结果进行比对发现,原煤、原油和天然气燃烧温室气体排放量2种方法的相对偏差分别为7.5%,98.8%和1.6%,除原油外,原煤和天然气燃烧CO2排放量与参考方法相差并不大. 相似文献
428.
抗生素对微生物的联合与低剂量毒性研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前抗生素已成为一类不可忽视的环境污染物,它在环境中呈"混合-持久-低剂量"的暴露特征。因此,研究抗生素毒性效应,特别是它的联合毒性以及低剂量下毒性兴奋效应,对抗生素污染物生态风险的评价极其重要。以抗生素联合毒性的研究进展为主线,重点概述了抗生素二元混合物的急性和慢性联合毒性研究,指出了抗生素混合物间存在相互作用,它们的联合毒性并非表现为简单的加和或独立效应,且抗生素急性-慢性联合表现出的毒性效应也存在差异;发现了不仅单一抗生素具有Hormesis效应,低剂量抗生素二元混合物也具有Hormesis作用。但目前低剂量抗生素二元混合物对微生物的毒性兴奋效应研究较少,其毒性兴奋效应的预测和评价还有待进一步完善,以期为环境中抗生素的联合生态研究和风险评价提供理论依据。 相似文献
429.
Qiuqing Geng Fang Chen Ingvar Holmér 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1-2):15-29
This article presents a study on the effect of different protective gloves (which are commercially available and commonly used in the cold) on manual dexterity in cold environments. The experiments compared statistically four different types of gloves and two different types of gloving (outer or double) at +19 °C and -10 °C. Performance was determined both objectively and subjectively using two manual dexterity tasks: bolt-nut and pick-up tasks. The response measured was the time of performing each task. Statistical analysis showed that all independent factors such as glove type, participant, object size, and temperature had significant effects on the hand cooling reaction. A significant difference in the performance between the gloves was found in the bolt-nut task. It was also found that outer-inner combination gloving may be an approach to use for precision tasks. 相似文献
430.